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Chris Ryan 한국호텔관광학회 2008 호텔관광연구 Vol.10 No.4
This paper was originally given at the Conference, Tourism as an Economic Driver hosted by Kyung Hee Universityin November 2008. The paper examines the development of tourism research by reference to changes noted in the journal, Tourism Management, which in 2009 begins its 30thvolume. The author has been the editor of that journal since 1993. Changes are noted against a background of four factors, namely an understanding of social science research, changes in tourism per se, changes in the technologies associated with the publishing of journals, and finally changes in the status of university academic staff. Borrowing from the work of Airey, the state of tourism research is measured against eight criteria, and the author concludes that tourism research is achieving a state of maturity. He notes however a need for a more specific Asian voice to inform our understanding of tourism as a social phenomenon as well as an industry.
Chinese Students - A New Zealand Tourism Niche?
Chris Ryan,Jade Xie 한국관광학회 2003 International Journal of Tourism Sciences Vol.3 No.1
This paper describes the findings of research into the travel patterns of 264 University students at a university in New Zealand. The number of overseas Chinese students studying in New Zealand in 2002 is estimated to be about 15,000. The paper finds relatively high levels of independent travel by the sample. They tend to travel in groups, by private car but spend relatively highly if only because they prefer motel and hotel accommodation to cheaper alternatives like backpacker hostels. They are also unlike northern European counterparts by not participating very highly in adventure tourism activities, but prefer more passive activities. A cluster analysis indicated three main groups that are labeled as being "combined motivation travellers", "social traveller" and "new experience explorer and adventure seeker".
HERSCHEL OBSERVATIONS IN THE AKARI NEP FIELD: INITIAL SOURCE COUNTS
Chris Pearson,Ryan Cheale,STEPHEN SERJEANT,Hideo Matsuhara,Glenn J. White,Denis Burgarella,Ivan Valtchanov,Bruno Altieri,David L. Clements,Ros Hopwood 한국천문학회 2017 天文學論叢 Vol.32 No.1
The preliminary data reduction, analysis and first results from the Herschel survey of the AKARI NEP field are presented. Herschel SPIRE observations of the NEP-Wide region and PACS observations of the NEP-Deep region have yielded galaxy catalogues of 4000 and 900 sources respectively down to flux density levels of approximately 15 mJy at 100-250 microns. Source counts produced from these catalogues reach cosmologically significant depths tracing the evolutionary upturn and turnover in the source counts. The source counts are in agreement with other large area surveys carried out with Herschel bridging the gap between the shallow and deep Herschel surveys.
Anne Zahra,Chris Ryan 한국관광학회 2005 International Journal of Tourism Sciences Vol.5 No.1
Chaos and complexity theory implies a holistic, evolutionary systems approach to tourism. This paper discusses the key elements of chaos theory and provides a brief description of how chaos and complexity theory has been discussed and applied in tourism research with specific reference to regional tourism organizations in New Zealand. The New Zealand Tourism Strategy 2010 has acted as a catalyst for change in the wider New Zealand Tourism system and more specifically for Regional Tourism Organizaations (RTOs). Given current changes in New Zealand’s tourism policies and the renewed debate about RTOs, the use of chaos theory may contribute to gaining an understanding of the nature, role and functions of RTOs and their evolution and process of change.
What Makes People Travel to Cultural Heritage Festival?
강신영,김경배,Chris Ryan,박상현 한국관광학회 2014 International Journal of Tourism Sciences Vol.14 No.3
Heritage tourism is the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry and there is also a trend towards an increased specialization among travelers. More and more, well-educated and mature travelers seek interactive learning experiences. Festivals, a fast-growing tourism segments, can serve as a powerful tool to attract tourists during the off-season and create an image and awareness for an area. Therefore, to explore the relationship between visitor motivation and satisfaction with a local cultural heritage festival, this study investigated visitor motivation and satisfaction with Anseong Baudeogi Festival. Nineteen heritage festival motivation variables were organized and reduced to four dimensions by Factor analysis; the cultural learning, escape everyday life, desire authenticity and sought enjoyment/socialization. Also, these motivation factors were examined to identify statistical differences by visitor characteristics using ANOVA and t-tests. Next, Cluster analysis categorized festival visitors into four segments with the largest groups being ‘authenticity/history seekers’ (30%) and ‘enjoyment/socialization seekers’ (29.4%). Finally, regression analysis identified a positive relationship between visitor motivation factors and satisfaction. Among the four motivation factors, ‘Authenticity’ showed the most effective relationship with visitor’s satisfaction.
Compensatory Neural Reorganization in Tourette Syndrome
Jackson, Stephen ,R.,Parkinson, Amy,Jung, Jeyoung,Ryan, Suzanne ,E.,Morgan, Paul ,S.,Hollis, Chris,Jackson, Georgina ,M. Cell Press 2011 Current biology Vol.21 No.7
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Children with neurological disorders may follow unique developmental trajectories whereby they undergo compensatory neuroplastic changes in brain structure and function that help them gain control over their symptoms [1–6]. We used behavioral and brain imaging techniques to investigate this conjecture in children with Tourette syndrome (TS). Using a behavioral task that induces high levels of intermanual conflict, we show that individuals with TS exhibit enhanced control of motor output. Then, using structural (diffusion-weighted imaging) brain imaging techniques, we demonstrate widespread differences in the white matter (WM) microstructure of the TS brain that include alterations in the corpus callosum and forceps minor (FM) WM that significantly predict tic severity in TS. Most importantly, we show that task performance for the TS group (but not for controls) is strongly predicted by the WM microstructure of the FM pathways that lead to the prefrontal cortex and by the functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygen level-dependent response in prefrontal areas connected by these tracts. These results provide evidence for compensatory brain reorganization that may underlie the increased self-regulation mechanisms that have been hypothesized to bring about the control of tics during adolescence.</P>