Development of a BSC-Based Evaluation Framework for e-Manufacturing Project

Cho, Y.,Kim, W.,Leem, C. S.,Choi, H. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2005 Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol.3482 No.-

New overdrive technology for liquid-crystal displays with a simple architecture

Cho, Y.,Park, C.,Bhowmik, A.,Lee, S.-W. SPIE - THE INT SOC FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2010 Optical engineering Vol.49 No.3

Adipokine Resistin Is a Key Player to Modulate Monocytes, Endothelial Cells, and Smooth Muscle Cells, Leading to Progression of Atherosclerosis in Rabbit Carotid Artery

Cho, Y.,Lee, S.E.,Lee, H.C.,Hur, J.,Lee, S.,Youn, S.W.,Lee, J.,Lee, H.J.,Lee, T.K.,Park, J.,Hwang, S.J.,Kwon, Y.W.,Cho, H.J.,Oh, B.H.,Park, Y.B.,Kim, H.S. Elsevier Biomedical 2011 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY - Vol.57 No.1

Objectives: We investigated the effects of human resistin on atherosclerotic progression and clarified its underlying mechanisms. Background: Resistin is an adipokine first identified as a mediator of insulin resistance in murine obesity models. But, its role in human pathology is under debate. Although a few recent studies suggested the relationship between resistin and atherosclerosis in humans, the causal relationship and underlying mechanism have not been clarified. Methods: We cloned rabbit resistin, which showed 78% identity to human resistin at the complementary deoxyribonucleic acid level, and its expression was examined in 3 different atherosclerotic rabbit models. To evaluate direct role of resistin on atherosclerosis, collared rabbit carotid arteries were used. Histological and cell biologic analyses were performed. Results: Rabbit resistin was expressed by macrophages of the plaque in the 3 different atherosclerotic models. Peri-adventitial resistin gene transfer induced macrophage infiltration and expression of various inflammatory cytokines, resulting in the acceleration of plaque growth and destabilization. In vitro experiments elucidated that resistin increased monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion by upregulating very late antigen-4 on monocytes and their counterpart vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 on endothelial cells. Resistin augmented monocyte infiltration in collagen by direct chemoattractive effect as well as by enhancing migration toward monocyte chemotactic protein-1. Administration of connecting segment-1 peptide, which blocks very late antigen-4 x vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 interaction, ameliorated neointimal growth induced by resistin in vivo. Conclusions: Our results indicate that resistin aggravates atherosclerosis by stimulating monocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells to induce vascular inflammation. These findings provide the first insight on the causal relationship between resistin and atherosclerosis.

A Sobolev estimate for the adjoint restriction operator

Cho, Y.,Guo, Z.,Lee, S. Springer Science + Business Media 2015 Mathematische Annalen Vol.362 No.3

H₂ effects on diesel combustion and emissions with an LPL-EGR system

Cho, Y.,Song, S.,Chun, K.M. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY - Vol.38 No.23

In this study, we examined H<SUB>2</SUB> effects on the combustion and emissions of a diesel engine with low-pressure loop (LPL) exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). We converted a 2.2-L four-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine satisfying Euro5 for H<SUB>2</SUB> supply. An LPL-EGR system replaced the high-pressure loop (HPL) EGR system. For all tests, the brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) was kept at 4 bar and the EGR ratio was varied from 9 to 42%. The H<SUB>2</SUB> energy percentage was varied from 0 to 7.4% independently to evaluate the H<SUB>2</SUB> effects and EGR effects separately. The heat release rate was calculated from the measured cylinder pressure. We found that substitution of H<SUB>2</SUB> for diesel fuel made the premixed burn fraction larger, and reduced the nitrous oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions simultaneously. For example, the NOx emissions were reduced by 36% for an EGR of 42% and an H<SUB>2</SUB> percentage of 7.4%. PM emissions were reduced by 18% for an EGR of 35% and an H<SUB>2</SUB> percentage of 7.4% compared with diesel fuel only cases.

Enhanced energy harvesting based on surface morphology engineering of P(VDF-TrFE) film

Cho, Y.,Park, J.B.,Kim, B.S.,Lee, J.,Hong, W.K.,Park, I.K.,Jang, J.E.,Sohn, J.I.,Cha, S.,Kim, J.M. Elsevier 2015 Nano energy Vol.16 No.-

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has great potential for its use as an energy harvesting material as it exhibits not only outstanding piezoelectric and electrostatic characteristics resulting from ferroelectric effects, but also remarkably robust stability against repeated mechanical stress compared to inorganic materials. We report enhanced performances of poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) based energy generators with wider range of selections of flexible substrates through a surface morphology engineering using solvent annealing method as the key technology for simple and cost-effective fabrication at room temperature. It is clearly revealed that a solvent annealed P(VDF-TrFE) film is crystallised at room temperature and that the surface morphology is changed from a rough surface into a smooth and flat surface with increasing annealing time. This surface morphology engineering results in 8 times enhanced output voltage and current of the energy generators because of well-aligned electrical dipoles. We also demonstrate a highly transparent and flexible energy generator by employing graphene electrodes with the solvent annealed P(VDF-TrFE) film, which can be effectively harvesting various mechanical energy sources.

Current practices and economic performances of organic kiwifruit production in comparison with conventional one in Korea

Cho, Y.,Cho, H.,Park, M.,Ma, K. Korean Association of Organic Agriculture 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.S

Organic production practices varied among producers. Generally, organic producers were relying on imported input materials such as organic compost and liquid fertilizer even more than conventional producers. Very few organic farmers had composting facilities or sites for the own supply of compost in need. The productivity of organic kiwifruit orchard (92%) was not as low as that of conventional while the net income (243%) was more than double that of conventional. This was mainly attributed to high farm gate price of organic fruits, low paid labour use and electricity. As a consequence, organic kiwifruit production seems to become a feasible option in Korea. However, high dependence on imported farming material, fuel and labour for too frequent liquid fertilizer spray should be addressed to achieve long term sustainability of organic kiwifruit production.

Injury-Induced HDAC5 Nuclear Export Is Essential for Axon Regeneration

Cho, Y.,Sloutsky, R.,Naegle, Kristen M.,Cavalli, V. Cell Press ; MIT Press 2013 Cell Vol.155 No.4

Reactivation of a silent transcriptional program is a critical step in successful axon regeneration following injury. Yet how such a program is unlocked after injury remains largely unexplored. We found that axon injury in peripheral sensory neurons elicits a back-propagating calcium wave that invades the soma and causes nuclear export of HDAC5 in a PKCμ-dependent manner. Injury-induced HDAC5 nuclear export enhances histone acetylation to activate a proregenerative gene-expression program. HDAC5 nuclear export is required for axon regeneration, as expression of a nuclear-trapped HDAC5 mutant prevents axon regeneration, whereas enhancing HDAC5 nuclear export promotes axon regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Components of this HDAC5 pathway failed to be activated in a model of central nervous system injury. These studies reveal a signaling mechanism from the axon injury site to the soma that controls neuronal growth competence and suggest a role for HDAC5 as a transcriptional switch controlling axon regeneration.

Activating layered LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ as a host for Mg intercalation in rechargeable Mg batteries

Cho, Y.,Lee, M.H.,Kim, H.,Ku, K.,Yoon, G.,Jung, S.K.,Lee, B.,Kim, J.,Kang, K. Pergamon Press 2017 Materials research bulletin Vol.96 No.4

Layered crystal structures are some of the most intensively studied intercalation hosts for guest ion insertion. For Mg insertion, layered transition metal sulfides or selenides have been used for reversible Mg intercalation; however, far less intercalation hosts have been found for layered oxides most likely because of the strong interaction between Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> and the oxide host. Here, we demonstrate that layered Li<SUB>x</SUB>Ni<SUB>0.5</SUB>Co<SUB>0.2</SUB>Mn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> (NCM523), which is an important commercial electrode for Li-ion batteries but has been regarded as electrochemically inactive in rechargeable Mg batteries, can function as a reversible host for Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> if water opens up the layers and screens the electrostatic interaction between Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> and the host. Upon the formation of water-intercalated NCM523, the discharge capacity dramatically increases utilizing the multi-redox reaction of Ni<SUP>2+</SUP>/Ni<SUP>3+</SUP>/Ni<SUP>4+</SUP>, which exhibits an average voltage of ~3.1V (vs. Mg/Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>) in rechargeable Mg batteries with an energy density of 589Whkg<SUP>-1</SUP> in the first discharge.

Analysis of dose-response to hexanal-induced gene expression in A549 human alveolar cells

Cho, Y.,Song, M. K.,Choi, H. S.,Ryu, J. C. Korean BioChip Society 2014 BioChip Journal Vol.8 No.2

The problems of analyzing dose effects on gene expression are gaining attention in toxicological research. Determining how gene expression profiles change with toxicant dose will improve the utility of arrays in identifying biomarkers and elucidating their modes of toxic action. In the present study, we focused on determining the dose-dependent alterations of gene expression profiles with hexanal exposure and we identified the possible biomarkers of hexanal in A549 human alveolar cells. A549 cells were exposed to a 5% inhibitory concentration (IC5) and a 20% inhibitory concentration (IC20) of hexanal for 48 h. Through microarray analysis using an oligonucleotide chip, we identified that the gene expression patterns were differentially shown in the control group and the hexanal-exposed groups. The hexanal-exposed groups are more sensitive to gene alteration than the control group, and gene expressions are more significantly altered in the IC20 exposure group than in the IC5 exposure group. With clustering analysis of gene expression profiles, we identified 2,929 IC5- and 3,678 IC20-specific genes, and 302 dose-dependently expressed genes. Gene ontology (GO) analysis with 246 annotated genes of the 302 dose-dependent expressed genes showed correlation with the key biological processes involved in neurological system processes, immune system development, cell activation, and cell-cell signaling. In conclusion, current study describes alterations in gene expression profiles in response to exposure to different doses of hexanal and related toxic pathways induced by significantly expressed genes. Moreover, novel genes and pathways that could potentially play a role in the prevention of respiratory disease due to aldehydes are identified.