개구리 皮膚의 伸張度와 X線 全身照射가 이에 미치는 影響

李基錫,朱永恩 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1975 慶北醫大誌 Vol.16 No.1

개구리皮膚의 伸張度와 X-線照射가 이에 미치는 影響을 알기 爲하여 腹部 및 背部皮膚에서 各各 矢狀 및 橫斷切片을 作成하여 길이-張力曲線中 彈性의 限界內에서 Hooke의 法則에 따르는 部位에서 Young率을 求 하고 1,000R의 X-線全身照射를 한 後 1,3,5,7 및 10日에서 各各 皮膚切片의 伸張度를 求하여 서로 比較 하였던 바 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 正常개구리의 腹部皮膚의 矢狀 및 橫斷切片의 Young率은 各各 4.09×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠ 및 3.99×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠이었다. 背部皮膚에서 얻은 矢狀 및 橫斷切片의 Young率은 各各 3.69×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠ 및 5.81×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠이었다. 2. X-線 全身照射를 한 群에서 腹部皮膚에서는 그 矢狀切片의 Young率은 照射 3日에서 5.38×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠으로서 가장 높고 그 後는 漸次 낮아지는 傾向을 나타내었고 照射 10日에서는 4.20×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠으로서 正常値에 가까워지는 傾向을 나타내었다. 橫斷切片에서는 照射 3日 및 5日에서 Young率이 各各 4.55×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠ 및 4.50×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠으로서 가장 높고 그後는 第10日까지 次次 낮아진듯하나 그 傾向이 矢狀切片에서 처럼 뚜렷하지 않았다. 3. X-線 全身照射로서 背部皮膚에서는 그 矢狀切片의 Young率은 照射 第3日 및 5日에서 各各 4.25×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠ 및 4.30×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠으로서 높아지는 傾向을 나타내고 그後는 漸次 낮아져서 第10日에서는 正常値와 비슷하게 되는 傾向을 나타내었다. 橫斷切片에서의 Young率도 照射後 第3日 및 5日에서 各各 6.02×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠및 6.00×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠으로서 正常値보다 若干 높은듯 하고 그後는 낮아지는 傾向을 보이나 그 程度가 矢狀切片에서 처 럼 뚜렷하지 못하였다. In an attempt to observe the changes of the distensibility of the frog skin by whole body X-irradiation, the sagittal and transverse strips were excised from the abdominal and back skin of the frog (Rana nigromaculata) following whole body X-irradiation with 1,000R. Young Modulus of the strip was calculated from the length-tension curve of each sample, and a comparison was made with the non-irradiated control group. Experiments were performed on 1,3,5,7 and 10 days after the irradiation, and the results thus obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Young Modulus of the sagittal and transverse strips of the abdominal skin of the normal frog was 4.09×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠ and 3.99×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠, respectively. Young Modulus of the back skin of the normal frog was 3.69×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠ in the sagittal strip, and 5.81×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠ in the transverse strip. 2. Young Modulus of the sagittal strip of the abdominal skin in the irradiated group was the highest (5.38×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠) on the 3rd post-irradiation day, and a tendency of gradual decrease to the normal value on the 10th post-irradiation day was observed. In the transverse strip of the abdominal skin in the irradiated group, the highest values of Young Modulus were observed on the 3rd(4.55×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠) and 5th(4.50×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠) post-irradiation day, and a tendency of gradual decrease till 10th day was observed, but the tendency was not as prominent as in the sagittal strip. 3. A tendency of the elevated values of Young Modulus on the 3rd(4.25×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠) and 5th(4.30×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠) post-irradiation day with the decreasing values to the normal value on the 10th day was observed in the sagittal strip of the back skin of the irradiated frog. In the transverse strip of the irradiated frog, Young Modulus showed a slight increase on the 3rd(6.02×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠) and 5th(6.00×10 exp (7) dyne/㎠) day after the irradiation, but a tendency of decrease was observed thereafter.

간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

노화가 인체 중간엽 줄기세포로부터 조골세포로의 증식 및 분화에 미치는 영향

백기현,태현정,오기원,이원영,조정기,권순용,강무일,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.3

연구배경: 일반적으로 골다공증과 연관된 위험인자로는 연령, 폐경, 약물, 불충분한 칼슘섭취, 만성질환 및 운동부족 등이 있는데, 특히 노화가 진행할수록 골밀도가 감소하는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 노화와 관련하여 진행되는 골소실은 조골세포 및 전구조골세포의 기능적 결핍에 의한 골형성의 감소가 주요한 요인으로 여겨지고 있다. 그 동안 연령이 조골모 세포의 양과 조골모 세포로부터 성숙조골세포로의 분화 및 증식에 미치는 영향에 대한 일부 보고들이 있었으나 아직 일치된 견해는 없는 형편이다. 방법: 다양한 연령의 사람으로부터 골수를 채취, 중간엽 줄기세포가 포함된 단핵세포를 분리한 후 조골세포로 분화하기 좋은 조건하에서 배양하였다. 대상군은다시 젊은군과 노령군으로 구분하여 다양한 변수를 비교 분석하였다. 일차배양에서는 CFU-F를 계수하여 골수내 중간엽 줄기세포의 수를 추산하였고, 칼슘측정을 통하여 기질의 무기화 정도를 비교하였다. 계대배양후 이차배양에서는 시기별로 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도를 측정하고 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현을 관찰하여 젊은군과 노령군 사이의 증식능 차이를 비교하였다. 또한 이차배양 시기별로 MTT 측정을 하여 양군간에 증식능 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 결과: 1. 일차배양 15일째에 평균 CFU-F의 수는 젊은군에서 유의하게 많았다(젊은군 148.3±28.9, 노령군 54.3±9.1, p=0.02). CFU-F의 평균면적은 젊은군에서 넓은 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 2. 일차배양 17일 경과 후 양군간에 기질 칼슘 침착정도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(젊은군 103.6±50.6, 노령군: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). 3. 이차배양 10일째에 젊은군에서 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도가 고령군에 비해 유의하게 높았다(젊은군: 935.5±115.0 U/mg, 노령군: 578.4±115.7U/mg,p.0.05). 고령군에서는 시간 경과에 따른 변화가 미약했으며 전반적으로 알카리성 포스파타제의 활성도가 젊은군에 비해 낮았다. 4. 이차배양도중 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현은 배양시기별로 젊은군에 비해 고령군에서 더 낮은 경향을 관찰할 수 있었다. 5. 이차배양 10일과 15일에 젊은군에서 노령군보다세포증식이 유의하게 증가된 양상을 보였다(10앓 젊은군 0.73±0.05, 노령군 0.58±0.04, p=0.05, 15일; 젊은군 0.80±0.05, 노령군 0.70±0.03, p=0.05).결론: 이상의 연구에서 저자들은 노령군에서 젊은군보다 골수 내 중간엽줄기세포의 수가 적고, 노령군에서 유래한 전구조골세포의 성숙조골세포로의 증식 및 분화가 젊은군 보다 감소해 있는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. Background: Osteoblasts originate from osteoprogenitor cells in bone marrow stroma, termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or bone marrow stromal cells. Each MSC forms colonies (colony forming units-fibroblasts [CFL-Fs]) when cultured ex vivo. There are some reports about the age-related changes of the number and osteogenic potential of osteoprogenitor cells, but any relationship has not been clearly established in humans. In this study, we counted MSCs using CFU-Fs count and examined the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells. Finally, we analyzed how these parameters varied with donor age. Methods: Bone marrow was obtained from the iliac crest of young (n=6, 27.2±8.6 years old) and old (n= 10, 57.4k6.7 years old) healthy donors. Mononuclear cells, including MSCs, were isolated and cultured in osteogenic medium. In primary culture, we compared the colony-forming efficiency of MSCs between the two groups and determined the matrix calcification. When primary culture showed near confluence, the cells were subcultured. Alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin expression by RT-PCR and proliferative potential by MTT assay were examined by the time course of secondary culture. Results: At the 15th day of primary culture, the mean number of CFU-Fs was significantly higher in the younger donors (young: 148.3±28.9, old: 54.3±9.1, p=0.02) and the mean size of CFL-Fs was also larger in the younger donors than the older donors. However, matrix calcification was not different between the two groups (young: 103.6±50.6, old: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). In secondary culture, alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly lower in the older donors. The younger donors showed peak alkaline phosphatase activity at day 10, while the older donors didn't showed a remarkable peak (young: 935.5±115.OU/mg, old: 578.4±115.7U/mg, p<0.05). Total cell number as a proliferative index increased progressively during the secondary culture and a significantly greater cell number was noted in the younger donors. Osteocalcin expression was generally upregulated in the younger donors, but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study shows that the number of osteoprogenitor cells is decreased during aging and that the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells seem to be reduced during aging (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:296-305, 2003).

헬스클럽 會員의 精神健康 分析 : 女性을 中心으로 Concentrating on Women

추건이,최영섭 仁荷大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 2001 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

The purpose of this research is to provide the basic data of how important excercise is by conparision between 140 female members who regually exercise at health club and 144 women who don't exercise. Those as members are women who exercise more than an hour a day, 4 days a week, and has worked out for more than a year at health club. Others as general are women who are not involved in any kind of exercise in last one year. Simple psychognosis survey Symptom Checklist-90-Revision has been used. Following results are concluded by analyzing the survey. There are quite differences in 9 different fileds of mental health symptoms; Somatization, Obsessive Compulsive, Intepersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobic Anxiety, Paranoid Ideation, Psychoticism. The results of members come out lower than general women who don't exercise.

능동역률보정방식의 도입에 의한 권선형 유도 전동기의 슬립전력 회수특성의 개선

추영배 거제전문대학 1998 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

Static Scherbius system is one of the latest winding induction motor drive systems which has many advantages such as high efficiency, excellent controllability and so on. But for more wide application of this system some conditions should be improved such as high reactive power and additive need of power transformer in the slip power recovery process. This paper deals with the high performance static Scherbius type slip power recovery system. In this system, active power factor correction method is used in DC side instead of transformer in AC side for the proper matching the rotor voltage with line voltage, and speed can be controlled by the chopper duty ratio, not by inverter firing angle. This results that the reactive power produced by phase controlled inverter and diode rectifier can be greatly reduced with linear speed regulation. Moreover, the harmonic components in the rotor current caused by the commutation of diode rectifier can be considerably suppressed.

住居建物 用途地域의 改正 建築制限 規制에 關한 硏究

秋永守 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 1996 産業技術 Vol.6 No.-

The results obtained were summarized as follows. (A study on the Revised Construction regulation in the Resident Area) The use zoning and Resident Area zone deals with the transition of Policy type based on the model of analysis were outlined in the preceding chapter. The change of the contents of regulation was investigated concretely and the policy type of Revised Construction regulation the Resident Area was also analyzed by regime. The urban drift centralization of population discusses the transitional factors of policy type revealed in use zoning and Resident Area zone from the point of view of industrialization, social change, type of regime and administractive system. To improve this time-old policy style, the government should take more active attitude toward the solution of problems involved in the Revised Construction regulation policy for building and strive for the consensus of interests group in its formulation and implementation the future.

초고층 주거건축의 공간환경에 따른 거주의식 비교 연구 : 주상복합형아파트와 단지형아파트 거주자의 만족도 분석을 중심으로 focused on dweller's staisfaction analysis of mult-used apartments and housing complex apartments

추영욱,윤장우,박춘근 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

The result that compare and analysis dwelling consciousness to space environment of apartment complex is as follow. Development of super highrise residential construction is enlivening in Busan. This is differented by multi-used apartments and housing complex apartments, and is in super highrise trend. Housing complex apartments appear higher satisfaction than multi-used apartments in dwelling generally. It was analyzed multi-used apartments are very poor in habitability and living environment side. Resident's improvement request is preferential request for convenient facilities. And while the improvement request about ventilation and lighting is higher in multi-used apartments, improvement request about outside view is higher in housing complex apartments.

原價管理시스템을 利用한 綜合病院의 經營戰略

秋敎完,李永準 昌原大學校 産業經濟硏究所 1992 産經硏究 Vol.9 No.-

전류용 보조권선의 적정여자에 의한 SRM에서의 진동과 소음의 저감

추영배 거제전문대학 1999 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

In spite of the simple and rugged motor structure and drive circuits, switched reluctance motor(SRM) has good overall performance over a wide torque-speed range. Most serious problem of SRM is the higher torque ripple compared with conventional machines, which is inherently generated because of the torque production mechanism by the step pulse m.m.f. and contributes to vibration and acoustic noise. This torque ripple is mainly induced by radial force on the phase commutation region and in the vibration and acoustic noise characteristics, the frequency or motor speed of peak vibrations and acoustic noises is coincided with the natural resonant frequency of the magnetic structure and frame materials. This paper suggest the new electromagnetic structure of SRM with auxiliary commutation winding and the technique which allows vibration and acoustic noise reduction through smoothing commutation by exciting the commutation winding with d.c. source. The laboratory drive demonstrates that the implementation of this noise cancellation technique is very useful in SRM drive.

콘크리트의 品質管理와 콘크리트 工事技法에 관한 硏究

秋永守 弘益大學校 1991 弘大論叢 Vol.23 No.2

The result obtained are summarized as follows: a study on the Quality control of concrete and Technique for concrete work's. A member of building department, usually of a municipality, who inspects construction to deter mine if it conforms to both the requirement of the building code and the approved plans; one who inspects occupied buildings for violations of the building code. To enforce the provisions of the applicable building code and other applicable laws. In cement paste, any space not occupied by anhydrous cement or cement gel. Air bubbles, whether entrained orentrapped, are not considered to be part of the cement paste. A cementing material, either hydrated cement or a product of cement or lime and reactive siliceous material, for hold-ing loose material together. A person trained and experienced in the design of building and the coordination and supervision of all aspects of the construction of buildings. The shear stress at the surface of a reinforcing bar which prevents relative movement between the bar and the surrounding concrete. Steel reinforcement in concrete to prevent cracks or to limit them to small, uniformly distributed ones. To fill a joint, crack, etc, with epoxy-plastics. A nonprofit organization that establishes standard tests and specifications for construction materials; such tests and specifications usually are referred to by the abbreviation administrative regulation for building in korea standard followed by a numerical designation.