배양 근 세포의 분화 Tunicamycin과 o-Phenanthroline의 효과

김정락 인제대학교 1987 仁濟論叢 Vol.3 No.2

The effect of tunicamycin(50ng/ml) and o-phenanthrolin(5㎍/ml) as fusion inhibitor on the myoblast in culture was investigated. Confluent myoblast exposed to tunicamycin, an inhibitor of dolichol-phosphate-mediated glycosylation of proteins at asparagine-linked site, or to o-phenanthrolin, a chelator of divalent metal cations, did not fuse or express creatine phosphokinase, acetylcholin receptor, myosin heavy chain, or α -actin. o-Phenanthrolin did not perturb myoblast adhesion but rather blocked the fusion of aggregated cells. By contrast, tunicamycin blocked elongation step.

《東國通鑑》 史論에 대한 硏究 : 中世의 政治思想 political thoughts of medieval age

馬宗樂 인제대학교 1993 仁濟論叢 Vol.9 No.2

This study looks at political characteristics of medieval confucianism through 'theory of interpretation of history(史論)' of 'Dong-guk-tong-gam(東國通鑑)' is one of the representative history book punished by the state of early Chosun dynasty. The outcomes of prior compilation of history and 'theory of interpretation of history(史論)'are recorded in 'Dong-guk-tong-gam(東國通鑑)'. Dong-guk-tong-gam(東國通鑑)' contains 382 items of'theory of interpretation of history(史論)' Representative confucian scholar of the day who participated in compiling hlstory book wrote the 'theory of interpretation of history(史論)'on the basis of confucian norm, therby giving political lessons to statesmen, Through such theory of interpretation of history(史論)', we can identify how confuciannorm, which philosophical grounds for confucian scholar, charged over time, and political objectives which confucian norm had sought after. Medieval confucianism was a frame work of political thoughts. Confucianism told about ideal politics and trial to teach statesmen about its means to achieve the formen. By asserting that it is possible to have ideal politics by following confucian political norm, confucianism attempted to enlarge its political influences. Political influences of confucianism differd according to historical periods. Confucianism of Koryo dynasty could not exercise universal influence over political affairs. Instead, confucian scholar of Kcryo dynasty tried to develop political influence by showing political rationalism and practicality which could be obtains through confucianism. Confucianism of early Chosun dynasty became a universal norm of politics. As a result of systematization of confucian thoughts after the latter part of Koryo dynasty, orthodoxy was distinguished from heresy. All the political behaviors which did not follow confucian norm were regarded as heresy. Confucian scholars' ceaseless efforts to establish the system of orthodoxy and to enlarge political influence of confucianism bore fruits through the process of political revolution, i.e. a change of dynasty. Political influence of confucianism had insparable relationship with system of confucian thoughts. It was possible to discern how the relationship had changed over medieval periods through the 'theory of interpretation of history(史論)' of 'Dong-guk-tong-gam(東國通鑑)'. It is due to the fact that the level and the method of the attempt to enlarge political influence of confucianism differed according to its varying degree of political influence over ages, though the 'theory of interpretation of history(史論)', which asserts the legitimacy of confucian norm through historical cases, commonly sought after enlarging political influence of confucianism.

펄프지료의 pH가 고해에 미치는 효과

김창락,문상환,김재옥,김철환,박종열 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2003 농업생명과학연구 Vol.37 No.4

펄프 섬유를 이용해서 종이를 제조하기 위해서는 반드시 섬유를 물에 현탁시키는 해리와 섬유 벽에 물리적 변화를 부여하는 고해의 과정을 거쳐야 하고, 이 과정에서 섬유는 팽윤 과정을 겪게 된다. 섬유가 물에 의해 팽윤이 잘 될수록 유연성이 좋아지기 때문에 종이의 물리적 성질이 훨씬 향상된다. 펄프를 물에 현탁시키는 전처리 과정에서 NaOH를 첨가하여 침지과정에서 섬유의 팽윤이 더 잘되게 하기 위함인데, NaOH의 처리량을 증가시킴에 따라 고행 동안 섬유벽의 팽윤이 촉진되어 종이의 강도적 성질이 향상되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Pulp fibers must be disintegrated and refined before papermaking. During refining, internal fibrillation of fiber walls are generated, leading to fiber wall swelling. Owing to improved fiber flexibility, strength properties of paper are remarkably improved. This study aimed to explore how NaOH addition to pulp suspension before refining would affect fiber swelling in addition to paper properties. As the addition ratio of NaOH increased, strength properties of paper were greatly improved due to the increase of fiber wall swelling. The extent of fiber wall swelling according to pH was observed by paraffin embedding and physical sectioning. In conclusion, it became evident that higher pH in fiber suspension gave positive contribution to fiber wall swelling during refining.

닭 조직에 따른 Nebulin Isoform 단백질의 특이적 발현

김영희,김정락 대한의생명과학회 2000 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.6 No.3

대부분 척추동물에서 골격근 내 filament들의 길이 조절은 근 수축 기작의 구조를 이해하는데 중요한 단서가 된다. Nebulin은 thin filament의 전체에 걸쳐있는 거대한 단백질로 골격근에만 특이적으로 존재하는 것으로 알려져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 닭의 근육과 비근육 조직에서 nebulin isoform 단백질들을 확인하기 위하여 전기영동과 immunoblot의 방법을 이용하였다. 각 조직의 단백질들은 soluble과 insoluble fraction으로 분리 준비하였다. 실험결과, 닭의 근육과 비근육 조직들에서 조직 특이성을 나타내는 다양한 nebulin isofrm 단백질들이 확인되었다. Nebulin은 성계의 골격근에서 500 kDa 정도의 크기로 나타났고, nebulett은 계배와 성계의 심장근에서 107 kDa 정도로 발현되었다. 그리고 계배의 비근육 조직인 뇌에서 380 kDa 정도의 거대 단백질이 확인되었다. 이 단백질은 뇌 조직의 soluble fraction에서 인지되었다. Nebulin isoform 단백질들이 서로 다른 조직에서 발현되는 양상을 보아 서로 다른 독자적인 기능을 가질 것으로 추정된다. The lengths of thick and thin filaments in the sarcomeres of most vertebrate skeletal muscles are precisely regulated and are important structural parameters in understanding muscle contraction. Nebulin is a usually large protein that spans the whole length of thin filaments in the sarcomeres of skeletal muscles. In this paper we used SDS-PAGE and immunoblot to identify nebulin isoform proteins in muscle and non-muscle tissues. We prepared embryonic chicken tissues including skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, brain liver to compare nebulin isoform proteins. The proteins were divided into soluble and insoluble fraction. As a result, we identified tissue specific expression of various nebulin isoform proteins in muscle and non-muscle tissues of chicken. Nebulin was detected in skeletal muscle of adult chicken about 500 kDa. Nebulett was expressed in cardiac muscle of embryonic and adult chicken about 107 kDa. A giant protein with molecular mass of about 380 kDa was identified in brain of non-muscle of chicken. This giant protein was detected in the soluble fraction of chicken embryo. The unequal distribution of the nebulin isoform proteins suggests tissue specific regulation of the isoform expression and indicates a functional specialization of the encoded isoform subtypes.

근원세포 분화조절 유전자의 클로닝

강성구,이채관,김상해,김정락 인제대학교 1992 仁濟論叢 Vol.8 No.2

배아의 근원세포는 분화가 진행 됨에 따라 성체의 골격근 세포로 된다. 이러한 분화단계에는 특정 유전자가 관여할 것으로 추정되며 이전 실험에서 0.8Kb의 cDNA를 확인하였다 (Kang et al., 1992). 이러한 특이 유전자는 계배 부화 9일째부터 발현이 되었으며 성체에서는 발현이 되지 않았다. 특히 12일과 14일 계배의 뇌,간,신장조직에서는 유전자 발현이 되지 알았으며 단지 가슴근육조직에서만 유전자 발현이 되었다. 이 유전자는 계배 골격근 세포의 분화에서 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 추정된다. Embryonic myoblasts become determined to differentiate into distinctive types of muscle cells. Skeletal muscle cell is one of them. We studied the expression of muscle specific 0.8Kb cDNA related to the differentiation of chick embryonic myoblast in various stage of development and in organs. The gene was expressed from 9 day old chick embryo stage, but was not expressed at adult breast muscle. Also the gene was not expressed in brain, liber, kidney but expressed in 12 and 14 day old chick embryonic breast muscle. Therefore, this muscle specific gene(0.8Kb) may have an important role in regulating the diffrentiation of chick embryonic myoblast.

근원세포의 융합과 연관된 표면 단백질의 확인

박수정,주영미,김정락 인제대학교 1991 仁濟論叢 Vol.7 No.2

배양 근원세포 분화에 따른 세포융합에 직접적으로 관여하는 단백질을 찾기 위해 48 시간 배양한 근원세포를 항원으로 BALB/C mouse에 면역시켜 얻은 spleen cell과 myeloma cell(P3U-1)을 융합시켜 근원세포와 반응하는 항체를 분비하는 hybridoma를 얻었다. 세 차례 한계 희석 후 계대배양하여 분리한 clone들이 분비하는 항체를 근원세포 배양액에 첨가하여 근원세포의 융합을 억제하는 효과가 있는 단일클론항체인 MAb MII-3J3l을 얻었다. MAb MII-3J3l의 효과는 2 ㎍/ml의 농도에서 세포분열에 영향이 없이 근원세포의 융합을 완전히 억제하였으며 이 효과는 적어도 48 시간 지속되었고 항체를 제거할 경우 융합이 재개되어 가역적인 억제효과를 나타내었다. MAb MII-3J31이 인지하는 단백질은 38 kDa로 근원세포 표면을 trypsin 처리하였을 때 잘리워 나감으로 표면단백질로 추정된다. The present study describes the production of monoclonal antibodies against cultured chick myoblast to pursue a protein may play a critical function in muscle cell fusion. Among a panel of monoclonal antibodies, MAb MII-3J3l inhibits myoblast fusion completely, while cell growth proceeds normally and its effect is reversible. The antigen reactive with MAb MII-3J31 isolated by radioimmunoprecipitation and detected by immunoblot was found a 38 kDa protein. For trypsin-treated cell lost its antigenic determinant, the protein may be located in the cell surface.

계배 배양 근원 세포 항원에 대한 단일 클론 항체의 생산

박수정,강동수,김정락 인제대학교 1990 仁濟論叢 Vol.6 No.1

Monoclonal antibodies raised in mouse BALB/c against cultured chick myoblast were found to exhibit reactivity toward myoblast proteins of 109 kDa, 19 kDa, 18 kDa and 15 kDa and others. Especially the levels of 109 kDa, 18 kDa and 16 kDa proteins decreased during the course of myogenesis in culture and between embryo and adult muscle. These antibodies delayed the differentiation and enhanced the cell division of myoblast when added to culture media. Their effects were saturated by adding one fiftieth of media and accompanied with the increments of 200 kDa, 29 kDa and 15 kDa myoblast proteins, the decrement of 25 kDa protein, and the new synthesis of 57 kDa protein.

계배 근세포의 분화단계에 따른 cDNA library 제작과 분석

김상해,이채관,박수정,정선미,김정락,강성구 인제대학교 1991 仁濟論叢 Vol.7 No.2

계배근세포의 분화단계에서 발현되는 mRNA들에 대한 cDAN library들을 제작하였다. 분화전과 후의 cDNA들을 서로 상쇄시켜 분화과정의 초기단계에 특이적인 한종의 cDNA를 분리하였다. 이 cDNA의 크기는 약 0.8kb이고 하나의 HindIII 제한효소 자리를 가지며 EcoR I, BamH I, Xba I, Kpn I, Sma I, 그리고 Pst I 자리는 포함하지 않았다 The cDNA libraries for mRNAs expressed on differentiation stages in chick embryonic muscle cells were constructed. A species of cDNA specific on early stage of differentiation process was isolated by subtracting ones after differentiation from cDNAs before differentiation of muscle cells. Size of the cDNA is about 0.8kb and it contains one HindIII site but no EcoR1, BamHI, XbaI, KpnI, SmaI, and PstI site.

Estimation of critical temperature in mean field annealing for module flipping problem

Chong, Kyun-Rak Research Institute for Science & Technology HONG-I 1997 Hongik Journal of Science and Technology Vol.1 No.-

After modules are placed according to some placement algorithm both circuit performance and routability can be improved while keeping the module placement fixed. Module flipping problem, an important step in VLSI design, is to determine the flip status of each module so as to minimize the total wire length. Recently, a new approach, called mean field annealing(MFA), is proposed which combines the simulated annealing and the Hopfield neural network. MFA exhibits the rapid convergence of the neural network while preserving the good solution afforded by simulated annealing. In this paper we have applied mean field annealing algorithm to module flipping problem. The initial temperature plays an important role in the performance of mean field annealing. We have estimated the critical temperature analytically and showed the experimental results.

A Study on c-Chain Operations

Chong,Kyun-Rak Research Institute for Science & Technology HONG- 1999 Hongik Journal of Science and Technology Vol.3 No.-

When some operation is performed on a data structure, the execution time for the operation depends on several factors like cache performance and the node size in the data structure. But most of algorithms have been designed to minimeze instruction count and do not consider such factors. The time to service a cache to memory has grown from 6 cycles for the Vax 11/780 to 120 for the Alpha Server 8400[3] and the cache performance has an increasingly large impact on the Performance of algorithms. In this paper, we introduce c-chain each node of which contains c elements and one pointer. By grouping elements, we can reduce the time for searching elements and also reduce cache misses. But the time for moving elements within nodes is increased. We show by experiments that, for appropriate c, c-chain is superior to traditional chain in both execution time and space utilization.