Alcohol extract of Geum Chung Cho alleviates alcohol-induced short-term memory impairment in gerbils

Han-Sam Cho,Tae-Woon Kim,Sang-Seo Park,Mal-Soon Shin,Jae-Min Lee,Eun-Sang Ji,Chang-Ju Kim 한국운동재활학회 2015 한국운동재활학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Chronic ethanol consumption leads to memory impairment and also induces brain damage. The hippocampus has been particularly regarded as a possible target organ of alcoholic intoxication, since this structure plays a prominent function in memory processes. Cordyceps has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries for a long time. Different types of Cordyceps extract were reported to have various pharmacological activities including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and immune modulatory effects. Guem Chung Cho is an artificial cultivated Cordyceps, and was supplied from GCordy (Seoul, Korea). Ethanol extract of Cordycep (50 g) was made by rotary evaporate, and resulting powder 8.29 g was obtained (yield 17%). In the present study, we investigated the effects of ethanol extract of Geum Chung Cho on short-term memory, cell proliferation and apoptosis in the hippocampus of ethanol-treated gerbils. The gerbils were divided into 5 groups (n = 10 in each group): Control group, alcohol-treated group, alcohol-treated and 0.001 mg/kg Geum Chung Cho-applied group, alcohol-treated and 0.01 mg/kg Geum Chung Cho-applied group, and alcohol-treated and 0.1 mg/kg Geum Chung Cho-applied group. Gerbils in the alcohol-treated groups were orally administered ethanol (1 g/kg) once a day for 2 weeks. Gerbils in the Guem Chung Cho-applied groups were orally administered Guem Chung Cho extract at each dosage 1 hour before ethanol consumption. Our results revealed that consumption of alcohol for 2 weeks deteriorated short-term memory, induced apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation, and reduced expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB). However, Guem Chung Cho treatment alleviated alcohol-induced short-term memory impairment through enhancing cell proliferation and BDNF expression with inhibiting apoptosis in the hippocampus. Guem Chung Cho showed maximum effects at 0.1 mg/kg. Based on these results, alcohol extract of Guem Chung Cho may provide therapeutic value for the treatment of chronic alcohol-inducted brain injury. This study was supported by GCordy company.

Microbacterium rhizosphaerae sp. nov., isolated from a Ginseng field, South Korea

Cho, S. J.,Lee, S. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Vol.110 No.1

<P>A novel Gram-stain positive, aerobic, short rod-shaped, non-motile bacterium, designated strain CHO1(T), was isolated from rhizosphere soil from a ginseng agriculture field. Strain CHO1(T) was observed to form yellow colonies on R2A agar medium. The cell wall peptidoglycan was found to contain alanine, glycine, glutamic acid, d-ornithine and serine. The cell wall sugars were identified as galactose, mannose, rhamnose and ribose. Strain CHO1(T) was found to contain MK-11, MK-12, MK-13 as the predominant menaquinones and anteiso-C-15:0, iso-C-16:0, and anteiso-C-17:0 as the major fatty acids. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified glycolipids were found to be present in strain CHO1(T). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain CHO1(T) was found to be closely related to Microbacterium mangrovi DSM 28240(T) (97.81 % similarity), Microbacterium immunditiarum JCM 14034(T) (97.45 %), Microbacterium oryzae JCM 16837(T) (97.33 %) and Microbacterium ulmi KCTC 19363(T) (97.10 %) and to other species of the genus Microbacterium. The DNA G+C content of CHO1(T) was determined to be 70.1 mol %. The DNA-DNA hybridization values of CHO1(T) with M. mangrovi DSM 28240(T), M. immunditiarum JCM 14034(T), M. oryzae JCM 16837(T) and M. ulmi KCTC 19363(T) were 46.7 +/- 2, 32.4 +/- 2, 32.0 +/- 2 and 29.2 +/- 2 %, respectively. On the basis of genotypic, phenotypic and phylogenetic properties, it is concluded that strain CHO1(T) represents a novel species within the genus Microbacterium, for which the name Microbacterium rhizosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of M. rhizosphaerae is CHO1(T) (= KEMB 7306-513(T) = JCM 31396(T)).</P>

A Study on Wholistic Mission in Sharing Love and Happiness Foundation Ministry of Youngsan Dr. Yonggi Cho

( Cho Gwi Sam ) 한세대학교 영산글로벌신학연구소 2011 영산신학저널 Vol.22 No.-

The ministry of Yonggi Cho, which he began after his retirement, offers important lessons in the context of the modern mission. He work as the wholistic mission is recommended by both traditional and progressive parties. According to this trend, the Sharing of Love and Happiness Foundation can be considered as an example of the wholistic mission, which carries the Great Commission of God by the church. Thus, the writer wants to study the motivation, methods, and influence of “Sharing of Love and Happiness” of Yonggi Cho which belongs to a wholistic mission. The content of this paper is wholistic mission of NGO and “Sharing of Love and Happiness” in the ministry of Yonggi Cho. He made the Three-fold Blessing from the gospel of Jesus. It is a message which confirms that humans have a right to share in salvation of souls, all other matters, and in the well-being of their bodies. The ministry of Cho’s wholistic mission structure is also to change the frame of old traditional dogmatics. He constructed the shape of wholistic mission through three-fold blessings and proved it, through Good People which is a NGO. The writer evaluates that the Sharing of Love and Happiness Foundation is a model of the wholistic mission, presenting the future ministry of the Korean Church.

Cytogenetic Characteristics of Chinese Hamster Ovarian Cell CHO-K1

Sohn, Sea-Hwan,Cho, Eun-Jung,Jang, In-Surk The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 2006 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.30 No.4

The Chinese Hamster Ovarian cells CHO-K1 are one of the most extensively used cells for the evaluation of gene expression and toxicology. However, these cells are frequently used for biomedical research without consideration of their cytogenetic characteristics. Therefore, we carried out to investigate the karyologic profiles, the frequency and type of chromosome aberration, and the distribution of telomeric DNA on chromosomes of the CHO-K1 cells. The GTG banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization on CHO-K1 cells were performed to characterize the karyotype and the distribution of telomeric DNA The present study revealed that the chromosome modal number of CHO-K1 cells was 2n=20; eight chromosomes appeared to be identical with those of the normal Chinese hamster, whereas the remaining 12 chromosomes were shown to be translocated, deleted, inversed, or rearranged from Chinese hamster chromosomes. The telomeric DNA on CHO-K1 chromosomes was intensively distributed at the centromeres rather than the ends of chromosomes. In addition, three chromosomes had interstitial telomeres and one marker chromosome entirely consisted of telomeric DNAs. The frequency and type of chromosome aberrations in CHO-K1 cells were examined. Of the 822 metaphase spreads, 68 (8.3%) cells resulted in chromosome aberrations of which the chromosome breakage was the most frequently occurred.

Sand Story Counseling for Korean Early Childhood and Young Students: Life History Research on Heesoon Cho's Life Works and their Meanings

Heesoon Cho(Heesoon Cho),Jae-seong Jo(Jae-seong Jo) Asian Qualitative Inquiry Association 2023 아시아질적탐구 Vol.2 No.1

This study centers on the dynamics of psychology theory. Drawing upon Heesoon Cho's life, we aim to extract and analyze sand story counseling in her personal and academic experiences. Additionally, we aim to investigate her process of adapting sand play techniques into Korean sand story counseling and explore how this adaptation of sandplay, along with its dissemination, contributed to early childhood development, counseling, and psychological exploratory behaviors in Korea. To avoid bias, we adopted a life history method, including collaborative interviews and triangulation. The results reflected Cho’s life chronologically, describing significant events in her life. Using existing Western theories, Cho transformed and acculturated the existing sandplay technique into sand story counseling in the Korean context. Cho observed significant positive outcomes through sand story counseling. Sand story counseling theory significantly contributed to professional counseling. This study strongly supports future culture-fit counseling research in Korea, as opposed to adopting Western theories.

환학당(喚鶴堂) 조여심(曺汝諶)의 교유시(交遊詩) 연구(硏究)

조희창 ( Hea Chang Cho ) 한국한문고전학회 2015 한문고전연구 Vol.30 No.1

Cho Yeo-sim(曺汝諶), who was the great Confucian scholar and poet, with the pen name called Hwan-Hak-Dang was born in the year of 1518, when is in the 13th year of King Jung-Jong(the year of Moon-In), and was died in 1594 at the age of 77, when is in the 27th year of King Sun-Jo(the year of Gab-O). His writing style was Sang-Jung or Sung-Jun and his pen name was titled for him self. He is atypical schol arlikea crane. Having made friends with them as a poetical friend and kept the classical scholar mind and lived righteously, while having lived in the same age as Song Sun, Lim Uk-ryung and others in the Honam world of poetry, he was not highlighted yet to the world. Do-Il Oh with the pen name of Soe Pa, who wrote ‘Haeng Jang’, commented “Nobody in the recent ages can be beyond his rhythm transparent and integral and color bright and shiny.” It is regrettable there is no information on the literature or valuable material although every poet in Hwan-Hak-Jung, which is a pavilion, admired his prominence and he was called a legend as a traditional scholar like a crane. In the meantime, it turned out many of his literary work were burned down together with many other historic literatures of his ancestors. It is fortunate to be able to disclose his excellent reputation to the world since some frames of Hwan-Hak-Jung and scattered posthumous writings collected by his descendants were recreated as a posthumous work named ‘Hwan-Hak-Dang’ and some parts of his work were described in the materials from Lim Uk-ryung, So Se-yang, Ko Kyung-myung, Ki Dae-seung and Jung Chul, and also some other parts of his work remained in the Confucian called Chang Pyung. Cho Yeo-sim made substantial communications with Song Sun[면仰亭], Ko Kyung-myung[霽峰], Ki Dae-seung[高峯], Jung Chul[ Jung[松江] in the center of Hwan Hak Jung and made a special friendship with Cho Yeo-choong[KwanSu-Jung, elder cousin] and his younger cousin, So Se-yang [陽谷] loved his work with a special interest. He also made a special relationship with Lim Uk-ryung[石川] from ‘Sik-Young-Jung’ located nearby and digested his though and literature. That is why Cho Yeo-sim’s poetical style is similar to that of poet Suk Chun(Nyun Man), who granted as many as about 20 poetry to Cho. Some original poetry including ‘Won Woon’ poetry in his anthology named ‘Hwan Hak Dang’ posthumous work and some other additional poetry were used in this analysis work. In addition, the impact of his accomplishments on the education through Sam Bong Seo Sa(Hak Goo Dang) he established and the functions as a provincial private institute and its people were also examined. It is believed and expected that this study is the excellent chance to rethink of his world of literature works and the relationship among his social poets by reviewing Cho Yeo-sim, who remained as an outside poet in the Ho Nam province in the 16th Century.

< 강도몽유록(江都夢遊綠) > 연구

조혜란 한국고소설학회 2001 고소설연구 Vol.11 No.1

'Mong-yu-rok(夢遊錄)' is a historical genre of Cho-sun(朝鮮) Dynasty. Most works of this genre were written in the Chinese characters, and produced especially in the hard times of the nation - for example, Cho-sun vs. Japan War[Hideyoshis Invasion of Korea in 1592], Cho-sun vs. Ching War[the Mandch Invasion of Korea in 1636], or the time just before the Japanese annexation of Korea. The stories included in Mong-yu-rok works are about the experience in dream and have the 'beginning of dream-experience during dreaming-awakening from sleeping' structure. <Gang-do-mong-yu-rok(江都夢遊錄)> is based on the experience of war in Gang-hwa-do(江華島, Gang-hwa island) during Cho-sun vs. Ching War. It is also written in the Chinese characters and its author is unknown. This work begins with a story about a monk who had a chance of watching the women's meeting in a dream. As he was a man of compassion, he arrived Yeon-mi-jung(燕尾亭, Yeon-mi pavilion) in Gang-hwa island to bury the bodies that had been neglected after the war. At night he was led to a certain place by women's various weeping, laughing, and crying sounds, and that meant he was already in dreaming. When the War broke out, the king and the ministers took refuge in Nam-han-san-seong(南漢山城, Nam-han mountain fortress) and the women of noble class including royal family took refuge in Gang-hwa island. However, all the high-ranking officials who took charge of defending the island ran away before the fights started, and the fortress was helplessly surrendered. And those countless women who took refuge in Gang-hwa island had committed suicides for keeping their dignity as a human being. They readily chose a suicide for their honor, because Cho-sun society rigidly called upon women to keep the chastity. Therefore those women in this work were the ghosts, that were not alive. Their appearances were horrible, which showed their tragic death. All those 14 women ghost characters came from the noble families except one woman. They poured out their words of rebukes, resentments, and sorrows. After all, it is the officials that they severely criticized in turn, who couldn't fulfill their responsibility during the war. The officials could be their own husbands, sons or fathers-in-law, in fact. This work very impressively used the sound image: at the last scene of women's meeting, the meeting place was filled with all women's wail. And which was effective enough to remind us a tutti in a symphony. <Gang-do-mong-yu-rok> reported the sufferings of women who had to take refuge in Gang-hwa island at the wartime. It would be hard to find a work which reflected the experience of women in war as realistic as this work, although many literary works about war were written after Cho-sun vs. Japan war & Cho-sun vs. Ching war. It is the literary works that were concerned about the concrete aspects of those women's death as a human even though they had to choose honorable suicide, while the historical documents briefly praised those women's death in formal manner and rhetoric. <Gang-do-mong-yu-rok> successfully described the miserable aspect of Cho-sun vs. Ching war and the women's voices in it became the fierce criticism about the failure of policy and the fall of the ideology at that time.

"하고초(夏枯草)"의 생약학적 연구

황명석,조창희,박종희,Whang, Myung-Suk,Cho, Chang-Hee,Park, Jong-Hee 한국생약학회 2000 생약학회지 Vol.31 No.2

'Ha Go Cho (夏枯草)' is one of the Chinese crude drugs used mainly as a diuretic. With regard to the botanical origin of 'Ha Go Cho', it was reported by Su et al. that those from China were originated from the fruited spica of Prunella vulgaris L. of Labiatae. It was, however, for the herba or spica of Prunella vulgaris L. var. lilacina Nakai from Korea. According to survey of markets in Korea, most of the materials collected in the markets seemed to be originated from Prunella plant, while some seemed to be Thesium plant of Santalaceae. To clarify the botanical origin of 'Ha Go Cho', the anatomical characteristics of Prunella vulgaris L. var. lilacina Nakai and Thesium chinense Turcz. were studied. As a result, it was clarified that some 'Ha Go Cho' from Korea were the herba or spica of Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina, whereas some others were the herba of Thesium chinense.

순조대 정재 창작양상 -중국 문헌의 수용을 중심으로-

조경아 ( Kyong A Cho ) 한국음악사학회 2003 한국음악사학보 Vol.31 No.-

한국의 민주화와 언론 1987∼2017

조항제(Hang-Je Cho) 사단법인 언론과 사회 2017 언론과 사회 Vol.25 No.3

이 글의 목적은 민주화 이후 지난 30년간 한국의 민주주의와 언론 · 미디어가 어떤 궤적 속에서 어떤 관계를 맺으며 지금에 이르렀는지를 살펴보는 데 있다. 이 글의 이론적 자원은 최근 등장해 주목받고 있는 미디어화론이다. 미디어화론을 원용한 이유는 크게 세 가지이다. 첫째는 한국의 언론이 가진 권력성을 직접적으로 포착하기 위해서이다. 둘째는 미디어화의 단계론은 미디어와 정치 사이의 역학에 민감하게 대응한다. 셋째는 역사성이다. 한국 민주주의의 지난 30년에는 정치뿐만 아니라 미디어에서도 생태계적 변화가 있었다. 민주화 이후 언론의 자유가 회복되었으나 시장에서 주류신문은 바뀌지 않았고, 노조가 초반에는 활발했으나 경쟁에 밀려 곧 쇠락하였다. 이로써 언론의 민주화는 내외적 측면에서 모두 실패했다. 보수 일색으로 조성된 언론의 장은 IMF 이후 급격하게 바뀐 의견지형을 반영하지 못했다. 특히 진보정부가 들어선 이후에는 주류 신문과 보수야당 사이에 권력적 양태의 병행·연합관계가 강화되었으며, 정부에서도 세무조사나 법(신문법) 등으로 대응하였다. 그러나 정부의 시도는 대부분 실패했으며, 보수세력은 결국 재집권하였다. 주류 신문이 방송시장에 진출한 ‘종편’은 이런 승리의 산물이었다. 그러나 권위주의의 반언론적 색채가 강했던 박근혜 정부 말기에 이르러 연합의 내부적 균열은 심해졌으며, 총선에서 패배하고 최순실 게이트가 열리면서 마침내 박대통령은 탄핵되었다. (공영)방송에서는 신문과 달리 노조의 희생어린 투쟁이 계속되었으나 정부의 후견주의는 해결되지 못했다. 방송의 제도화는 차기 정부로 넘겨진 큰 숙제이다. 미래에는 기존의 집중화된 언론을 넘어 더 많은 미디어가 번성할 것으로 보이고 미디어화는 일상의 미시적 영역으로 더 많이 진전될 것이다. 이제 정치와 사회는 언론과 미디어의 민주적 제도화에 대해 더 심각하게 고민하지 않으면 안 된다. This paper applies to the concept of ‘mediatization’ as a theoretical framework to democratic transition of Korea during about thirty years since 1987. In doing so it addresses the question of how journalism and media has both a conflictual and symbiotic relationship with politics and democracy. The role of mediatization theory is three aspects: power dynamics of journalism and media, reciprocal and (de-facto) institutional relationship between media and politics (government) such as political parallelism and political-media alliances, historic specificity over transformative process in media ecosystem. Whereas the freedom of press was formally protected after democratization in 1987, established dominance of three conservative dailies, ‘Cho-Joong-Dong’ has little been changed since authoritarian age. Cho-Joong-Dong and Hannara Party have evolved into the political-media alliance facing the opposition’s rise to power. Especially during presidency Moo-Hyun Roh (2003∼2008), government clashed fiercely with Cho-Joong-Dong on the issue of democratization of media. However, the failure of Roh government resulted in conservative’s return to power and Cho-Joong-dong’s longing for advancement to television market. President Geun-Hye Park (2012∼2017) have her own way ignoring civil society and even some supporting classes too disappointingly. After the failure of 20<SUP>th</SUP> general election, the alliance has gradually ruptured, eventually bringing about the historic candle protest and the unprecedented impeachment of president Park. In public service broadcasting, unlike papers, the dedicated struggle for internal freedom of the union has continued, but the age-old issues of political clientelism was not resolved. Arguably, new media ecosystem arising from internet may substitute centralized political-media alliance for decentralized political communication revealing diverse and everyday mediatization.