A Study on Musculosketal Injury of Nursing Staffs of a Regional Educational Hospital in Taiwan

Chien-Jung Chen,Su-Ling Chang 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

Sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis and Detoxification of Red Alga Pterocladiella capillacea for Bioethanol Fermentation with Thermotolerant Yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus

( Chien Hui Wu ),( Wei Chen Chien ),( Han Kai Chou ),( Jung Woo Yang ),( Hong Ting Victor Lin ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.9

One-step sulfuric acid saccharification of the red alga Pterocladiella capillacea was optimized, and various detoxification methods (neutralization, overliming, and electrodialysis) of the acid hydrolysate were evaluated for fermentation with the thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus. A proximate composition analysis indicated that P. capillacea was rich in carbohydrates. A significant galactose recovery of 81.1 ± 5% was also achieved under the conditions of a 12% (w/v) biomass load, 5% (v/v) sulfuric acid, 121°C, and hydrolysis for 30 min. Among the various detoxification methods, electrodialysis was identified as the most suitable for fermentable sugar recovery and organic acid removal (100% reduction of formic and levulinic acids), even though it failed to reduce the amount of the inhibitor 5-HMF. As a result, K. marxianus fermentation with the electrodialyzed acid hydrolysate of P. capillacea resulted in the best ethanol levels and fermentation efficiency.

Melatonin stimulates aromatase expression and estradiol production in human granulosa-lutein cells: relevance for the high serum estradiol levels in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Jung-Chien Cheng,Lanlan Fang,Yiran Li,Sijia Wang,Yuxi Li,Yang Yan,Qiongqiong Jia,Ze Wu,Zhen Wang,Xiaoyu Han,Ying-Pu Sun 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is one of the most life-threatening and potentially fatal complications associated with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. Although the pathogenesis of OHSS remains unclear, elevated serum estradiol (E2) levels before human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration are associated with the risk of OHSS. The pineal hormone melatonin and its receptors are expressed in human granulosa cells and have been shown to stimulate E2 production. However, the effect of melatonin on the expression of aromatase, an enzyme responsible for a key step in the biosynthesis of E2, in human granulosa cells remains to be determined. Here, we demonstrate that melatonin upregulates aromatase expression in primary cultured human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells through the melatonin receptor-mediated PKA-CREB pathway. Using a mouse model of OHSS, we demonstrate that administration of the melatonin receptor inhibitor luzindole inhibits the development of OHSS. In addition, the expression of ovarian aromatase and serum E2 levels are upregulated in OHSS mice compared to control mice, but this upregulation is attenuated by inhibition of the function of melatonin. Moreover, clinical results reveal that aromatase expression levels are upregulated in hGL cells from OHSS patients. Melatonin and E2 levels in the follicular fluid are significantly higher in OHSS patients than in non-OHSS patients. Furthermore, melatonin levels are positively correlated with E2 levels in follicular fluid. This study helps to elucidate the mechanisms mediating the expression of aromatase in hGL cells and provides a potential mechanism explaining the high E2 levels in patients with OHSS.

A Novel Esterase from Paenibacillus sp. PBS-2 Is a New Member of the β-Lactamase Belonging to the Family VIII Lipases/Esterases

( Chien Hui Wu ),( Wei Chen Chien ),( Kai Chou Han ),( Jung Woo Yang ),( Hong Ting Victor Lin ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.9

Screening of a gene library from Paenibacillus sp. PBS-2 generated in Escherichia coli led to the identification of a clone with lipolytic activity. Sequence analysis showed an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 378 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 42 kDa. The esterase displayed 69% and 42% identity with the putative β-lactamases from Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 and Clostridium sp. BNL1100, respectively. The esterase contained a Serx- x-Lys motif that is conserved among all β-lactamases found to date. The protein PBS-2 was produced in both soluble and insoluble forms when E. coli cells harboring the gene were cultured at 18°C. The enzyme is a serine protein and was active against p-nitrophenyl esters of C2, C4, C8, and C10. The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme activity were pH 9.0 and 30°C, respectively. Relative activity of 55% remained at up to 5°C with an activation energy of 5.84 kcal/mol, which indicates that the enzyme is cold-adapted. Enzyme activity was inhibited by Cd2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ ions. As expected for a serine esterase, activity was inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. The enzyme was remarkably active and stable in the presence of commercial detergents and organic solvents. This cold-adapted esterase has potential as a biocatalyst and detergent additive for use at low temperatures.

The Isolation and Identification of Soybean Pod and Stem Blight in Taiwan

Min-Jung Seo,Chien-Hua Chen,Kil Hyun Kim,Seuk-Ki Lee,Hong-Tae Yun,Yeong-Hoon Lee,Beom-Young Son,,Jung-Tae Kim,Jin-Seok Lee,Hwan-Hee Bae,Chang Hwan Park,Seong-Bum Baek,Jeom-Ho Lee 한국국제농업개발학회 2015 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

미이라병은 Diaporthe/Phomopsis complex에 의해 유발되는병으로 콩 재배기간 중 따뜻하고 습한 환경에서 종자가 성숙되면 감염률이 높아지며 감염된 콩 종자는 외관상 품질뿐만아니라 종자 활력이 저하된다. 미이라병에 대한 연구를 수행하기 위하여 대만에 위치한 아시아채소개발연구센터(AVRDC)의 콩 시험포장에서 미이라병 병징을 보이는 콩 줄기를 채집하고 이로부터 3개의 곰팡이 균주(isolate)를 분리하였다. 배지위에서의 곰팡이 균사의 생육특성, 현미경하에서 관찰된 알파,베타 분생자(conidia)의 모양 그리고 PCR-RFLP 분석으로, 3개의 균주는 Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae 으로 확인되었다. 한편, 미이라병 저항성 육종을 위해서는 유전자원과 계통의 검정이 선행되어야 하는데, 인공접종을 위해서 분생자의최적 배양조건을 탐색하였다. 그 결과 배지는 PDA, 온도는24oC에서 잘 배양되었으며, 일장은 암조건에서는 균사체만 유도되고 분생자는 유도되지 않았으며, 24시간과 15시간의 일장에서는 균사체 유도 및 분생자의 유도 정도에 차이가 없었다.또한 잎-줄기와 꼬투리, 두 개의 접종 부위에 따른 미이라병감염률을 조사하였는데, 두 접종 부위에 따른 미이라병 감염정도는 통계적인 유의차는 나타나지 않았으나 잎-줄기에 접종한 개체 보다 꼬투리에 접종한 개체의 종자 감염률이 높은 경향을 보였다. Phomopsis seed decay (PSD) caused by Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae (Lehman) Wehmeyer, Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. var. caulivora Athow & Caldwell, and Phomopsis longicolla Hobbs reduces quality of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seed when it is wet and warm condition during seed maturation period. To study of the PSD in Taiwan in March 2008, three unidentified fungal isolates (isolate1, isolate2 and isolate3) were isolated from soybean stems infected with pod and stem blight which is associated with seed decay. Based on their morphological and genotypic characteristics, three isolates were regarded as Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae. For PSD assay, we found that the best condition for the fungal isolates growth was on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media at 24°C temperature for 24 or 15 hr photoperiod. Leaf- stem and pods of soybean were inoculated by an atomizer with two isolates among three isolates to investigate PSD infection. In the result of two inoculation parts with two isolates, there was no significant difference in degree of pod infection and seed infection rate (%) between isolate2 and isolate3, but there was a tendency that pod inoculation than leaf- stem inoculation caused higher level of seed infection. These isolates obtained in this study would be applicable to screening of PSD resistant soybean germplasms in the breeding program.

Biosequestration of Carbon Dioxide Using a Silicified Carbonic Anhydrase Catalyst

Liang-Jung Chien,수레쉬쿠마,Hsiao-Hsin Hsieh,Jui-Lung Wang 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.3

Using recombinant DNA technology, we constructed a dual fusion gene expression plasmid,pRCAH-30, encoding carbonic anhydrase (CA) from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, an R5 peptide sequence, and an affinity (His)6 tag, to allow the simultaneous purification and immobilization of the encoded fusion enzyme, termed RCAH. The expressed fusion protein was approximately 30 kDa, and could be rapidly purified using affinity resins. To enhance enzyme activity,the R5 peptide facilitated immobilization by means of silicification with tetramethoxysilane; the aggregated particles were approximately 300 nm in diameter. Activity tests revealed that the enzyme functioned optimally between pH 7.0 and 7.5; maximum stability was achieved between 25and 45oC, at pH 6.0 ~ 8.0. Activity of the fusion enzyme persisted, even after encapsulation by biomimetic silicification. In fact, silicone embedding stabilized the enzyme structure, thereby increasing its stability and reusability rate under different environmental conditions. In addition, the silicified enzyme reduced waste CO2 gas from 800 to 42 ppm, resulting in a gas capture rate of 94.7% after conversion. Thus, the construct developed in this study can be effectively utilized for the sequestration of industrial waste CO2 gas.

대만 「風水」 문화 연구의 회고와 전망

洪健榮(Hung, Chien-Jung),정창원(Jung, Chang-Won) 한국역사민속학회 2016 역사민속학 Vol.0 No.51

19세기 후기 이후, 대만사회의 풍수문화현상이 점차 동서양 학자들의 학술적 의제로 주목받기 시작하면서 다양한 학문분야의 연구성과들이 연이어 등장하게 되었다. 본문에서는 과거연구와 연관된 논술들을 회고함에 있어 서양의 시야․제국의 주목으로부터 다양한 초점이 모아진 단계까지 기간을 나누고 다음의 세 측면에서 분석을 진행하고자 한다: 첫 번째는 19세기 후기 이후, 서로 다른 시기에 있어 학계가 연구하였던 추세와 주목하였던 과제를 탐구하는 것이다. 두 번째는 19세기 후기 이후, 서로 다른 학문분야에서의 연구 및 논술의 경향에 대한 특수성과 공통성에 대한 탐구이다. 세 번째로는 정권의 이동․통치적 필요와 사회변천 등과 같은 외재적 요인이 대만 풍수문화의 연구에 대해 발생시킨 충격과 영향에 대한 탐구이다. 본문에서 다루어진 연구성과를 통해, 한편으로는 近 백년 이래 대만 풍수문화 연구의 학술사적 맥락을 초보적으로 구성하여 동서양 학계가 이 과제에 초점을 맞추어 제기한 문제의식․연구방법․논술의 초점과 가치이념을 드러내고, 나아가 대만 풍수문화 연구에 관한 보다 많은 의제와 방향을 이끌어내고자 한다 ; 다른 한편으로는 또한 역사학․민속학․인류학․사회학․지리학․건축학․경관학․생태학 등 서로 다른 학문분야 사이에 대화의 장소를 제공하기를 기대하면서, 동서양 학계와 함께 「풍수문화와 대만사회」를 둘러 싼 각종 학술적 의제에 대한 대화를 진행하고자 한다. As the Feng Shui culture of the Taiwanese society started to be focused as an academic agenda by the eastern and western scholars after the late 19th century, a series of research achievements of various fields of studies have been made. In retrospection of the discussions related to the advanced researches, this study aimed to analyze the achievements from the following three views after dividing the period of the discussions into the one focused by many nations from the western view and the one which attracted various focuses: First, the study explored the studied trends and focused tasks of the different periods by the academic world since the late 19th century. Second, the study reviewed the distinctiveness and community of the trends of the researches and discussions in different academic fields since the late 19th century. Third, it studied the shocks and impacts of the external factors such as political power movement, need for ruling and social transition on the Taiwanese Feng Shui culture. Based on the research achievements discussed in this study, on the one hand, the study elementarily composed the academically historic context of the researches on the Feng Shui culture of Taiwan in the recent 100 years so that it could reveal the critical mind, research methods, focus of the discussions and values produced by the eastern and western academic worlds focusing on this task and produce more agendas and directions on the researches on the Taiwanese Feng Shui culture. On the other hand, this study was expected to be served as a forum for conversation among different academic fields including history, folklore, anthropology, sociology, geography, architecture, landscape and ecology, and attempted to discuss all kinds of academic agendas about ‘Feng Shui culture and Taiwanese Society’ with the eastern and western academic world.

Differential Influences in Sizes and Cell Cycle Stages of Donor Blastomeres on the Development of Cloned Rabbit Embryos

Ju, Jyh-Cherng,Yang, Jyh-Shyu,Liu, Chien-Tsung,Chen, Chien-Hong,Tseng, Jung-Kai,Chou, Po-Chien,Cheng, San-Pao Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.1

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of blastomere diameters and cell cycle stages on the subsequent development of nuclear transplant rabbit embryos (NT-embryos) using nuclei derived from the 16- or 32-cell stage embryos. All blastomeres and NT-embryos were cultured individually in modified Ham's F-10 medium supplemented with 10% rabbit serum (RS) at $38^{\circ}C$ and 5% $CO_2$ in air. The diameter of blastomeres from 16-cell stage embryos was found twice of those from 32-cell stage (51 vs 27 ${\mu}m$). Significant differences were observed in cleavage rates ($\geq$3 divisions) in the isolated single blastomeres (54 vs 48 for 16-cell; 28 vs 14 for 32-cell, p<0.05), but the fusion rates of oocytes with transferred nuclei were similar between small and large single blastomeres derived from either 16-cell or 32-cell stage embryos. When 16-cell stage blastomeres were used as nuclear donors, cleavage rates ($\geq$3 divisions) of the NT-embryos were greater in the small nuclear donors than in the large donors (73 vs 55%, p<0.05). On the contrary, significantly higher cleavage (43 vs 6%, p<0.05) and developmental rates (14 vs 0%, p<0.05) were observed in the large blastomere nuclear donor group of the 32-cell stage embryos. When the cell cycle stages were controlled by a microtubule polymerization inhibitor (Demicolcine, DEM) or the combined treatment of DEM and Aphidicolin (APH), a DNA polymerase inhibitor, fusion rates were 88-96% for the 16-cell donor group (without DEM treatment), which were greater than the 32-cell donor group (54-58%). Cleavage rates were also greater in the transplants derived from G1 nuclear donor group (93-95%) than those from the DEM and APH combined treatment (73%) for the 16-cell donor group (p<0.05). No significant difference was detected in the morula/blastocyst rates in either donor cell stage (p>0.05). In conclusion, it appeared that no difference in the developmental competence between large and small isolated blastomeres was observed. When smaller 16-cell stage blastomeres were used as nuclear donor, the cleavage rate or development of NT-embryos was improved and was compromised when 32-cell stage blastomeres were used. Therefore, control nuclear stage of the donor cell at $G_1$ phase in preactivated nuclear recipients seemed to be beneficial for the cleavage rate of the reconstructed embryo in the 16-cell transplant, but not for subsequent morula or blastocyst development.

New Mutation Rule for Evolutionary Programming Motivated from the Competitive Exclusion Principle in Ecology

Jung-Hwan Shin,Doo-Hyun Choi,Sung-Il Chien 제어로봇시스템학회 2001 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2001 No.10

Mechanism Studies of Substituted Triazol-1-yl-pyrimidine Derivatives Inhibition on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Acetohydroxyacid Synthase

Chien, Pham Ngoc,Jung, In-Pil,Reddy, Katta Venugopal,Yoon, Moon-Young Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.12

The first step in the common pathway for the biosynthesis of branched chain amino acids is catalyzed by acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS). The AHAS is found in plants, fungi and bacteria. With an aim to identify new anti-tuberculosis drugs that inhibit branched chain amino acid biosynthesis, we screened a chemical library against Mycobacterium tuberculosis AHAS. The screening identified four compounds, AVS 2087, AVS 2093, AVS 2236, and AVS 2387 with $IC_{50}$ values of 0.28, 0.21, 3.88, and $0.25{\mu}M$, respectively. Moreover, these four compounds also showed strong inhibition against reconstituted AHAS with $IC_{50}$ values of 0.37, 0.26, 1.0, and $1.18{\mu}M$, respectively. The basic scaffold of the AVS group consists of 1-pyrimidin-2-yl-1H-[1,2,4]-triazole-3-sulfonamide. The most active compound, AVS 2387, showed the lowest total interaction energy -8.75 Kcal/mol and illustrates its binding mode by hydrogen bonding with $H_{\varepsilon}$ of Gln517 with the distance of $2.24{\AA}$.