Ameliorative effect of <i>Alnus japonica</i> ethanol extract on colitis through the inhibition of inflammatory responses and attenuation of intestinal barrier disruption <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>

Chi, Jin Hua,Kim, Young Ho,Sohn, Dong Hwan,Seo, Geom Seog,Lee, Sung Hee Elsevier 2018 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.108 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract caused by high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and epithelial barrier dysfunction. <I>Alnus japonica</I> Steud. (Betulaceae) has been used in traditional Asian medicine. However, the potential of <I>A. japonica</I> for the treatment of intestinal inflammation has not been investigated. This study investigated the effects of ethanol extract from <I>A. japonica</I> bark (AJE) on colonic mucosa injury in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Treatment with AJE ameliorated pathological damage and the histopathologic features of DSS-induced colitis. The administration of AJE also inhibits DSS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Notably, AJE administration attenuated the reduction of tight junction proteins, zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and occludin, in DSS-induced colitis. In addition, AJE increased heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression and prevented DSS-induced apoptosis in colonic epithelial cells. Furthermore, <I>in vitro</I> studies demonstrated that AJE inhibits TNF-α-induced IL-8, IL-1β, and COX-2 expression in human intestinal epithelial HT-29 cells and <I>tert</I>-butyl hydroperoxide-induced reduction of ZO-1 and occludin expression in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. AJE-induced HO-1 protein expression was also found in both HT-29 and Caco-2 cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that AJE inhibits intestinal inflammation and protects against intestinal barrier disruption in mice with DSS-induced colitis <I>in vivo</I> and human intestinal epithelial cells <I>in vitro</I>. These results suggest that AJE might have beneficial effects for the treatment of IBD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> AJE attenuates the severity of DSS-induced colitis mice. </LI> <LI> AJE suppresses expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in DSS-induced colitis mice. </LI> <LI> AJE protects intestinal barrier integrity in DSS-induced colitis mice. </LI> <LI> AJE increases HO-1 expression in mouse colonic epithelial cells. </LI> <LI> AJE inhibits inflammation and protects loss of TJ proteins of human IEC cells. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Efficient Plant Regeneration from Shoot Tip and Young Leaf in Rhodiola sachalinensis A. Bor.

Chi,Hyung-Joon,Yoon,Jae-Ho,Yang,Deok-Chun,Song,Won-Seob 한국자원식물학회 2003 Plant Resources Vol.6 No.3

The shoot tip and young leaf of Rhodiola sachalinensis were cultured to invest the plant growth regulator condition for callus induction, shoot and root regeneration. When the shoot tip was sterilized in 2.0% of NaOCl for 20min., the contamination rate was the lowest. And the survival rate of the culture material was good in carbenicillin 500mg/L treatment group. Callus was obtained from shoot tip and young leaf segments. NAA 0.1-1.0mg/L and 2,4-D 0.1-0.5mg/L alone treatment were shown to have a good response on callus induction from shoot tip culture. In the case of young leaf culture, NAA and 2,4-D 0.1-0.5mg/L alone treatment were good in callus induction. In culturing shoot tip NAA 0.5mg/L and BA 0.5mg/L, NAA1.0mg/L and BA 0.lmg/L combination treatment was good in shoot regeneration. The regenerated shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with NAA and BA combination treatment. Especially, NAA 1.0mg/L and BA 0.1mg/L combination treatment was effective for root regeneration.

악하선 암의 치료성적과 예후인자

임치영(Chi Young Lim),남기현(Kee Hyun Nam),이잔디(Jan Dee Lee),장항석(Hang Seok Chang),정웅윤(Woong Youn Chung),차인호(In Ho Cha),이창걸(Chang Geol Lee),최은창(Eun Chan Choi),박정수(Cheong Soo Park) 대한두경부종양학회 2005 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Purpose: Submandibular gland tumor is rare, less than 6% of head and neck tumor. The purpose of this article is to analysis the clinical experience and treatment outcomes of malignant submandibular gland tumor, suggesting a guideline of management. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 26 patients who underwent operation for malignant submandibular gland tumor at Severence hospital between 1986 and 2004. Statistical analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method, log rank test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test using SPSS v12.0 for Windows. Results: They consisted of 18 males and 8 females whose median age was 47 years(range: 20-71). 10 cases of adenocystic carcinoma, 8 cases of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, 4 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 1 case each for acinic cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, adeno carcinoma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Sialoadenectomy only was performed in 10 cases(36.5%) and sialoadenectomy with neck node dissection was performed in 16 cases(63.5%). Adjuvant radiotherapy was done in 22 cases(84.6%). 10 year disease free survival rate for malignant submandibular gland tumor was 63.1 % and 10 year overall survival rate for malignant submandibular gland tumor was 70.1%. In univariate analysis, prognostic factors affecting recurrence of malignant submandibular gland tumor was initially papable lateral neck node in physical examination and metastasis of lateral neck node in pathologic confirmation. The prognostic factors affecting survival of malignant submandibular gland tumor was tumor size, TNM stage, recurrence and type of recurrence. Conclusion: In this study, prognostic factors affecting recurrence of malignant submandibular gland tumor was initially papable lateral neck node in physical examination and metastasis of lateral neck node in pathologic confirmation. The prognostic factors affecting survival of malignant submandibular gland tumor was tumor size, TNM stage, recurrence and type of recurrence. To prevent recurrence and to improve survival, early diagnosis and aggressive surgery must be considered.

Fluoxetine and Sertraline Attenuate Postischemic Brain Injury in Mice

Tae Kyeong Shin,Mi Sun Kang,Ho Youn Lee,Moo Sang Seo,Si Geun Kim,Chi Dae Kim,Won Suk Lee 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.3

This study aimed to investigate whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) attenuate brain injury and facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia in mice. Male ICR mice were anesthetized and systemically administered Rose Bengal. Permanent focal ischemia was induced in the medial frontal and somatosensory cortices by irradiating the skull with cold light laser. The animals were treated with fluoxetine or sertraline once a day for 14 d starting 1 h after ischemic insult. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline significantly reduced the infarct size. The Evans blue extravasation indices of the fluoxetine- and sertraline-treated groups were significantly lower than that of the vehicle group. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline shifted the lower limit of the mean arterial blood pressure for cerebral blood flow autoregulation toward normal, and significantly increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1Ձ (HIF-1Ձ) proteins in the ischemic region. These results suggest that SSRIs, such as fluoxetine and sertraline, facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia via enhancement of HO-1 and HIF-1Ձ proteins expression, thereby providing a benefit in therapy of cerebral ischemia.

Fluoxetine and Sertraline Attenuate Postischemic Brain Injury in Mice

Shin, Tae-Kyeong,Kang, Mi-Sun,Lee, Ho-Youn,Seo, Moo-Sang,Kim, Si-Geun,Kim, Chi-Dae,Lee, Won-Suk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2009 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.3

This study aimed to investigate whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) attenuate brain injury and facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia in mice. Male ICR mice were anesthetized and systemically administered Rose Bengal. Permanent focal ischemia was induced in the medial frontal and somatosensory cortices by irradiating the skull with cold light laser. The animals were treated with fluoxetine or sertraline once a day for 14 d starting 1 h after ischemic insult. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline significantly reduced the infarct size. The Evans blue extravasation indices of the fluoxetine- and sertraline-treated groups were significantly lower than that of the vehicle group. Treatment with fluoxetine and sertraline shifted the lower limit of the mean arterial blood pressure for cerebral blood flow autoregulation toward normal, and significantly increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 ${\alpha}$ (HIF-1 ${\alpha}$) proteins in the ischemic region. These results suggest that SSRIs, such as fluoxetine and sertraline, facilitate recovery following photothrombotic cortical ischemia via enhancement of HO-1 and HIF-1 ${\alpha}$ proteins expression, thereby providing a benefit in therapy of cerebral ischemia.

Anti-Inflammatory and Cytoprotective Effects of TMC-256C1 from Marine-Derived Fungus <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. SF-6354 via up-Regulation of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Murine Hippocampal and Microglial Cell Lines

Kim, Dong-Cheol,Cho, Kwang-Ho,Ko, Wonmin,Yoon, Chi-Su,Sohn, Jae Hak,Yim, Joung Han,Kim, Youn-Chul,Oh, Hyuncheol MDPI AG 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.17 No.4

<P>In the course of searching for bioactive secondary metabolites from marine fungi, TMC-256C1 was isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the marine-derived fungus <I>Aspergillus</I> sp. SF6354. TMC-256C1 displayed anti-neuroinflammatory effect in BV2 microglial cells induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as well as neuroprotective effect against glutamate-stimulated neurotoxicity in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. TMC-256C1 was shown to develop a cellular resistance to oxidative damage caused by glutamate-induced cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HT22 cells, and suppress the inflammation process in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Furthermore, the neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory activities of TMC-256C1 were associated with upregulated expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in HT22 and BV2 cells. We also found that TMC-256C1 activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways in HT22 and BV2 cells. These results demonstrated that TMC-256C1 activates HO-1 protein expression, probably by increasing nuclear Nrf2 levels via the activation of the p38 MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways.</P>

證券會社의 競爭力 決定要因에 관한 硏究

池豪峻 韓日經商學會 1999 韓日經商論集 Vol.18 No.-

This study tries to analyze the hierarchic structure among the factors that appear to affect the competitive power of securities firms in korea. To apply AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process) model, the respondents were divided into two groups : employees of the securities firms and customers of the securities firms. The analysis of the relative importance among the factors shows that the employees rank the factors by the order of the following : finance/investment, financial instruments /services, human resources, financial information/technology and firm size. But the customers rank finance/investment, financial information/technology, financial instruments/services, human resources and firm size. And the evidence suggests that there be some differences in the sub-factors between the employee and the customers. Furthermore, the applications of this priority vector to securities firms in Korea show that our rank order does not coincide with the result by Securities Supervisory Board. This study enables us to transform the complicated factors into appropriate seniority and to select an optimized alternative for competitiveness in each securities firm.

鷄糞의 飼料利用性에 關한 硏究 : 乾燥鷄糞의 採卵鷄育成에 있어서의 經濟性 Economic returns of Dried poultry waste in brooding of Laying hens

扈敬鎭,印致雄,한기영,許康七 안성산업대학교 1978 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

1. In order to decide a feasibility for partial substitution of dried poultry waste for complete formula feed and to decide an eligible levels for the substitution, growing trials were carried out under four treatments with three veplications in randomized block design, and the treatments were based upon the substitution rates such as 5%, 10%, 15% and check for two groups of chicks for Layer, namely, 7 to 12 weeks aged one and 13 to 20 weeks aged one. 2. While no significant differences were found in the increased body weight, feed consumption and egglaying rate among the treatments, partial substitution of the D. P. W, for complete formula feed seemed to be feasible, like as that of grain or grain bran, since no any interruptions were occurred in the way of the substitution. 3. The reason that the feeding efficiency of substitution of D. P. W. for complete formula feed to those of 13 to 20 weeks aged chicks, was shown far better than that of those of 7 to 12 weeks aged chicks, seemed to be attributable to the less nutrient deficlency derived from those substitutions. Therefore, such results might be reflected to those advantages for 13 to 20 weeks aged chicks over those of the other chicks. 4. While no significant differences were found in egg laying rate and egg weight among the treatments, 15% substitution plot showed a little over that of check plot, and this result might indicate that the egg laying may not be influenced by the substitution of feeding. 5. Refering to economic returns of substitution utilization of D. P. W for complete formula feed, while the advantages were shown top grade at 5% and in order of 10%, 15% of the substitution on 7 to 12 weeks aged chicks, advantages were also shown in order of 5%, 10%, 15% of the substitution on 13 to 20 weeks aged chicks. These results seemed to be feasible even in beyond of 15% of the substitution. 6. Since it was not able to find out the eligible levels of the substitution D. P. W. for complete formula feed for 13 to 20 weeks aged chicks in this study, the following studies shall be desirable in the future. (1) eligible substitution levels of D. P. W. for complete formula feed in those of 13 to 20 weeks aged chicks. (2) economic returns for Laying Hens through substitution D. P. W. for complete foumula feed in growing.

설득커뮤니케이션과 수사학

지주호 東亞大學校獨逸學硏究所 2003 獨逸學硏究 Vol.- No.19

Es handelt sich bei hier vorliegenden Arbeit um die rhetorische Kommunikation, Rhetorik bezeicht sich auf effektwolles Reden zum Zweck des Beeinflussens, U¨berzeugens und U¨berredung. Und die Rhetorik ist ein zusammenfassender Begriff fu¨r die Theorie und Praxis der menschlichen Beredsamkeit in allen o¨ffentlichen und privaten Angelegenheiten. ob sie in mu¨ndlicher, schriftlicher oder durch die technischen Medien (Film, Fernsehen, Internet) vermittelter Form auftritt. Als wissenschaftliche Disziplin bescha¨ftigt sich die Rhetorik mit der Analyse sprachlicher Kommunikation, die wirkungsorientiert, also auf die U¨berzeugung des Zuho¨rers hin ausgerichtet ist. Kommuniktion ist Versta¨ndigung durch Informations vermittlung. Die Kommunikation bezeichnet die systematische Funktion einer Kommunkationsgemeinschaft. Sie hat umgangsprachlich zwei einfache Konnotationen: Angleichung und Gemeinschaft - Informationprozess und Austausch. Der Aspekt der Angleichung ist in den kommunizierenden Gefa¨ssen versinnbildlicht. Der Aspekt der Signalu¨bermittlung ist im Kommunikationsmittel - Modell dargestellt. Die Tatsache, dass die Menschen eine bestimmte Art von Zeichen hervorbringen und aufnahmen, ist Gegenstand unmittelbarer Wahrnemung und zugleich auch Inhalt allta¨glicher Erfahrung. Die Prototype der Kommunikation ist Sprache. Die persuasive Kommunikation beginnt mit der Intention(Absicht) des Sprechers, dem Horer etwas mitzuteilen, z.B. ihn etwas zu fragen, ihm etwas zu befehlen Spechakt zu vollziehen, um eine bestimmte Reaktion beim Ho˙rer zu erscheinen. Bei der Intention ko˙nnen das Motiv (warum etwas gesagt wird), das Thema (woru¨ber gesprochen wird) und die. Form (wie es gesagt wird) unteschieden werden. Rhetorik setzt persuasive Kommunikation, besonders Rede voraus. Eine Rede besteht aus verschiedenen Elementen. Mit Elementen sind hier die verschiedenen Arbeitphasen gemeint. die notwendig sind. um eine Rede hervorzubringen. Am Anfang steht der Gedanke, d.h. die Erfindung der Gedanken (inventio), die Erfindung des Themas der Rde und ihres Inhaltes. Das Thema ist ihm klar, was er sagen soll jedoch noch lange nicht. Die grundlegende Funktion der Rede besteht natu¨rlich darin, den Zuho˙rer fu˙r die Meinung des Reders zu gewinnen. Er soll von der Schuld oder Unschuld eines Angeklagten u¨berzeugt, fu¨r eine politische Vorgehenweise erwa˙rmt werden oder seine Zustimmung fu¨r ein Lob eine Klage oder a¨hnliches erteilten. Das Verha¨ltnis zwischen diesen beiden Wirklichkeitbereich, Die persuasive Kommunikation und Rhetorik, kann unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten gesehen werden. Wenn Kommunikation als Ta¨tigkeit begriffen wird und Ta¨tigkeit nicht nur als Aktivita¨t, sondern als Auseinandersetzung des Menschen rnit seiner Umwelt, dann o¨ffnet sich damit ein neuer Zugang zum Versta¨ndnis des sozialen Charakters von der persuasiven Kommunikation und Rhetorik, Die persuasive Kommunikation und Rhetorik erscheinen unter einem anderen, erweiterten Blickwinkel Menschen kommunizieren in konkreten Sozialsituationen. Jede Kommunikation ist folglich situativ gesteuert. Gespra¨ch als Prototype der Kommunikation, ist die intentionale, wechselseitige Versta¨ndigungshandlung mit dern Ziel, etwas zur gemeinsammeri Sache zu machen. Persuasive Kommunikation ist der Prozeβ des situativ gesteuerten, mentale oder reale Handlungen auslo¨senden Sprechens. Dieser Kommunikationsprozeβ kann als Modell dargestellt werden. Das Modell besteht aus vier konstitutiven Faktoren: Kommunikator, Rezipient, Nachricht und Medium. Nach jedem Faktor wird rhetorische, persuasive Strategie studiert. In der Strategie des persuasiven Kommunkator sind neben seiner Glaubwu¨rdigkeit sein sozialer Status, seine Stellung in der Prima¨rgruppe, seine Attraktivita¨t, Rasse, Gro¨βe u.a. Merkmale mehr zu beru¨cksichtigen. Auf seiten Rezipienten mu¨βten die Pra¨dispositionen in der Perso¨nlichkeitsstruktur wie sozialen Stellung des Rezipienten beachten werden. Die persuasive Aussage (message) soll nach dem wichtigsten systematischen Einteilungsprizip der Rhetorik materiell erscho˙pfend (inventio), u¨bersichtlich gegliedert (dispositio), sprachlich gestaltet (elocutio) sein. Die Medien sind weiter in ihrer persuasiven Relevanz zu betonen, d.h. die durch ihre semiotische bzw. wahrnehmungspsychologische Struktur wie technische Organisation bedingten spezipischen Ausdrucksmoglichkeiten und kommunikativen Chancen. Es sind weiter die Medienpra¨ferenzen auf grund des jeweiligen medienspezipischen Prestiges zu beachten.

병원설립 주체별 입원환자의 서비스 만족도 차이에 관한 연구

지호준,김창규 安東大學 1997 安東大學 論文集 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of this study is to provide better service to patients and useful managerial information to hospital managers through analyzing the gap of in-patients' service satisfaction among the public, private and religious hospitals. The results show service satisfaction of patients would be generally higher in the public hospital than in private and religious. As the results of the analysis for the differences satisfaction about whole system, administrant employees, doctors, nurses, and environmental facilities, p-value is less than 0.05. Consequently we conclude the differences of satisfaction among the three different kinds of hospital exist. For the more definite differences, we perform the post-tests. In satisfaction about whole system, patients of private hospital show the highest satisfaction. The Public is second and the religious is third. So we suggest satisfaction about religious hospital be lower than public and private. In satisfaction about administrant employees, nurses and environmental facilities, religious hospital show lower satisfaction than others. In radar chart analysis, compared with averages of absolute 5 scales, satisfaction levels of the private and public hospitals show higher and religious be evaluate lower. To find the relative differences of service satisfaction among the three kinds of hospital, we define the standard value as 1.0 from each variabless' average. For the private and public hospitals, every factors are even or more than the standard value 1.0. But the religious hospitals are below 1.0.