중국 직업대학 학생의 인성이 학습성과에 미치는 영향과 학습동기의 매개 효과

XI CHAO 중원대학교 일반대학원 2025 국내박사

Development of lithium powder based anode with conductive carbon materials for lithium batteries

Park, Mansu ProQuest LLC 2016 국내박사

Probing anode degradation in automotive Li-ion batteries

권오정 ProQuest LLC UMI Dissertation Publishing 2013 국내박사

Power-efficient seizure detection and compression methods in EEG for implantable devices

Kim, Taehoon ProQuest LLC UMI Dissertation Publishing 2015 국내박사

조건 연결어미의 의미에 대한 연구 : ‘-으면’ ‘-거든’ ‘-아야’를 중심으로

CUI, Chao 아주대학교 일반대학원 2011 국내석사

本研究的目的在于明確韓國語條件詞尾的意義及其分類。規定出條件詞尾‘-으면’, ‘-거든’, ‘-아야’的條件意義以及在條件域中的意義領域。 第二章主要介紹條件與讓步,因果,假設之間的關系。條件,讓步,因果的意義不同,條件詞尾,因果詞尾,讓步詞尾所體現的前後關系也不相同。條件與因果,讓步不是包括與被包括的關系,而是平等關系。假設是把非現實臨時看做事實,只與前分句有關但是不能體現出前後分句之間的關系。因此在韓語中假設不具備擁有詞尾的資格,只能隸屬于條件詞尾。 第三章主要介紹‘-으면’, ‘-거든’, ‘-아야’在統辭上的限制。這些條件詞尾在與先語末詞尾‘-더-’的結合上都受限,在與先語末詞尾‘-았-’的結合上都不受限。在 ‘-으면’, ‘-거든’, ‘-아야’ 與先語末詞尾‘-겠-’的結合上都不受限,但是‘-아야’與‘-겠-’結合時都受限。在意向法上 ‘-으면’, ‘-거든’ 只能用于命令,共動以及和話者或聽者的意志有關的敘述或者疑問。與此相反‘-아야’不能用于命令,共動,只能用于單純的判定疑問和反問。另外‘-으면’, ‘-아야’條件句中主語不受限制,條 ‘-거든’ 件句中後分句的主語不能為第三人稱或者無感情主語。在與助詞的結合上‘-으면’可以與‘야’,‘은’連用,但‘-아야’只能與‘만’連用。 第四章主要討論條件詞尾的意義。本研究中首先把條件分為事件條件,認識條件發話條件。事件條件即先行事件是後行事件成為現實的先行條件,認識條件即先行事件是認識後行事件的先行條件,發話條件即先行事件是後行分句可以自然發話的先行條件。事件條件可以分為假定條件和單純條件。假定條件即先行分句中把非事實或與現實相反的看做事實,後行分句中指出此假設下可以出現的結果。單純條件即先行分句中的事件為既定事實,即便為非事實,重點也不在其事實與否上,即單純強調前後分句之間的條件關系。 條件詞尾‘-으면’可以用于事件條件,認識條件,發話條件,‘-거든’和‘-아야’只能用于事件條件中的單純條件。‘-으면’事件條件中,假設條件可以根據其條件的實現可能性分為可能實現的條件和不可能實現的條件。單純條件可以根據其條件關系成立的依據分為法則性條件,經驗性條件,理論性條件。 ‘-으면’, ‘-거든’, ‘-아야’都可以用于單純條件,但是它們所體現的單純條件也不是完全相同的。‘-으면’, ‘-거든’ 表示充分條件而‘-아야’表示必需條件. 在條件關系的形成過程上 ‘-으면’, ‘-거든’ 是先知道條件,由條件推出可能出現的結果,‘-아야’是先知道結果,在可以出現此結果的各種情況中選擇出必須出現的情況並賦予其必需性。另外‘-거든’可以體現出對條件實現性的主觀信任,其條件的實現性比‘-으면’的條件實現性高。在條件的意義域裏的的 ‘-으면’, ‘-거든’, ‘-아야’ 條件意義相互排他並相互平等。它們在統辭上可以互相代替,但是在意義上不可代替。 第五章是本稿的結論部分。 關鍵詞: 條件詞尾, 事件條件, 認識條件, 發話條件, 意義域 본 연구는 조건 연결어미의 의미 및 그 하위분류를 밝혀 조건 연결어미‘-으면’‘-거든’‘-아야’가 어떤 조건 의미를 나타내는지, 조건의 의미장에서 어떤 의미 영역을 갖는지를 밝히는 데에 목적을 두었다. 2장에서는 주로 조건과 양보, 인과, 그리고 가정 사이의 관계를 살펴보았다. 조건, 인과, 양보의 의미가 다르기 때문에 조건 연결어미, 인과 연결어미, 양보 연결어미가 나타내는 선‧후행절 사이의 관계도 다르다. 조건이 인과나 양보의 상위어라고 하기는 어렵고, 이들은 접속문의 선‧후행절 사이의 관계를 나타낼 때 대등적인 관계를 갖는다. 또한 가정은 아직 사실이 아닌 것을 임시로 사실로 잡는 것이며, 선행절에만 관여하는 개념이기 때문에 선‧후행절 사이의 관계를 나타낼 수 없다. 한국어에서 가정은 하나의 연결어미로 나타날 자격이 없으며 조건의 하위 범주에 속한다. 3장에서는‘-으면’‘-거든’‘-아야’의 통사적인 제약을 간략하게 살펴보았다. 이들 조건 연결어미들은 선어말어미‘-더-’와의 결합에서 모두 제약을 받는 반면, 선어말어미‘-았-’과의 결합은 모두 가능하다. 선어말어미‘-겠-’은‘-으면’‘-거든’과의 결합에서는 제약이 따르지 않지만 ‘-아야’와는 결합하지 못한다. 의향법에 있어서‘-으면’도 제약이 따르지 않는다.‘-거든’은 시킴법과 꾀임법에 자연스럽게 쓰이지만 서술법과 물음법에는 화자나 청자의 의지와 관련된 것에만 한정적으로 쓰인다. 이와 반대로‘-아야’는 시킴법과 물음법에 제약되며 서술법과 단순 판정의문문, 수사의문문에만 쓰인다. 한편으로‘-으면’과‘-아야’조건문에서는 주어의 제약은 받지 않으며‘-거든’조건문에서는 후행절 주어가 3인칭이나 무정물일 때 제약을 받는다. 마지막으로‘-으면’은 보조사‘야’,‘은’과 결합할 수 있으나‘-아야’는 보조사‘만’과만 결합할 수 있다. 4장에서는 조건 연결어미의 의미에 논의하였다. 본고에서 조건을 일차적으로 사태조건, 인식조건, 발화조건으로 나누었다. 사태조건은 선행절 사태가 후행절 사태가 실현될 수 있는 조건으로, 인식조건은 선행절이 후행절 사태를 인식할 수 있는 조건으로, 발화조건은 선행절이 후행절이 자연스럽게 발화될 수 있는 조건으로 규정하였다. 그리고 사태조건을 다시 가정조건과 단순조건으로 구별하였다. 가정조건은 조건문의 선행절에서 비사실이거나 반대사실적인 사태를 사실로 가정하여 후행절에서 이 가정된 조건에 따른 결과를 나타낼 경우를 말한다. 단순조건은 조건문에 선행절이 이미 사실이거나 사실이 아니더라도 선행절의 사실성 여부에 중점을 두지 않고 단순히 선‧후행절 사이의 조건관계를 강조하는 경우를 말한다. 조건 연결어미 중에서‘-으면’은 사태조건, 인식조건, 발화조건에 모두 쓰일 수 있지만‘-거든’과‘-아야’는 사태조건에서 단순조건에만 쓰일 수 있다.‘-으면’의 사태조건 중에서 가정조건은 선행 조건의 실현 가능성에 따라 실현 가능한 가정조건과 실현 불가능한 가정조건으로 세분화하고 단순조건은 다시 조건관계가 성립하는 근거에 따라 법칙적 조건, 경험적 조건, 논리적 조건으로 세분화할 수 있다.‘-으면’‘-거든’‘-아야’는 모두 단순조건을 나타낼 수 있지만 각각의 단순조건이 똑같지는 않다.‘-으면’‘-거든’이 충분조건을 나타내는 데에 반해 ‘-아야’는 필요조건을 나타낸다. 이들의 조건관계의 형성과정을 보면‘-으면’과 ‘-거든’은 먼저 조건을 알고 이 조건 하에 어떤 결과가 나타날 수 있는지를 드러내며,‘-아야’는 먼저 결과를 알고 이 결과가 나타날 수 있는 여러 경우 중 필수로 나타나야 하는 것을 선택하여 필요성을 부여한다. 또한‘-거든’은 조건의 실현성에 대한 주관적인 믿음을 나타내며‘-으면’보다 조건의 실현 가능성이 높다. ‘-으면’ ‘-거든’ ‘-아야’의 조건 의미는 조건의 의미장에서 서로 배타적으로 자리를 잡고 대등적으로 존재한다. 이들은 통사적으로는 대치할 수 있어도 의미적으로는 대치할 수 없는 것이다. 5장은 결론으로서 본고의 논의를 정리하고 요약하였다. 핵심어: 조건 연결어미, 사태조건, 인식조건, 발화조건, 의미장

Effects of dietary complex probiotics supplementation on performance of weaning pigs and sows

Liu, Wen Chao Graduate School of Dankook University 2017 국내박사

(ABSTRACT) EFFECTS OF DIETARY COMPLEX PROBIOTICS SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF WEANING PIGS AND SOWS Department of Bio-Resource Science Graduate School DANKOOK UNIVERSITY WEN CHAO LIU Advisor: Prof. IN HO KIM EXPERIMENT 1: EFFECTS OF COMPLEX PROBIOTICS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY, BLOOD PROFILES, FECAL MICROFLORA, SCORE AND NOXIOUS GAS EMISSION IN WEANING PIGS Weaning stress leads to pigs are susceptible to gastrointestinal disorders and digestive disturbances, thus resulting in high incidence of diarrhea and depressed growth rate. It has been suggested that probiotics could promote intestinal health and alleviate weaning stress in young pigs. This 42-d feeding trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of a complex probiotics (Bacillus coagulance 1×1012 cfu/kg, Bacillus lichenformis 5×1011 cfu/kg, Bacillus subtilis 1×1012 cfu/kg, and Clostridium butyricum 1×1011 cfu/kg) in weaning pigs. A total of 125 28-d old weaning pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an initial average body weight (BW) of 7.26 ± 0.76 kg were randomly allotted into 5 treatments. There were 5 replicate pens per treatment with 5 pigs (3 barrows and 2 gilts) per pen. Dietary treatments included: CON, basal diet; PC1, CON + 0.01% complex probiotics; PC2, CON + 0.03% complex probiotics; PC3, CON + 0.06% complex probiotics; PC4, CON + 0.1% complex probiotics. On d 14, pigs fed the PC4 diet had higher BW gain than pigs fed the CON diet. On d 42, pigs fed multi-strain probiotics supplementation diets had higher BW gain than pigs fed the CON diet. From d 1 to 14, pigs fed the PC2, PC3 and PC4 diets had higher (P<0.05) ADG than pigs fed the CON diet. From d 15 to 42, pigs fed the complex probiotics supplementation diets had higher (P<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and gain:feed ratio (G:F) than pigs fed the CON diet. The overall period, pigs fed the complex probiotics supplementation diets had higher (P<0.05) ADG and pigs fed the PC2 and PC4 diets had higher (P<0.05) G:F than pigs fed the CON diet. On d 42, pigs fed the PC4 diet had higher (P<0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N) and gross energy (GE), fecal Lactobacillus counts and lower (P<0.05) E. coli counts and NH3 emission than pigs fed the CON diet. Pigs fed complex probiotics supplementation diets had lower (P<0.05) H2S and total mercaptans emissions than pigs fed the CON diet. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with complex probiotics improved growth performance, nutrition digestibility, intestinal microflora balance, and decreased fecal noxious gas emissions in weaning pigs. EXPERIMENT 2: EFFECTS OF COMPLEX PROBIOTICS SUPPLEMENTATION IN DIFFERENT NUTRIENT DENSITY DIETS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY, BLOOD PROFILES, FECAL MICROFLORA AND NOXIOUS GAS EMISSION IN WEANING PIGS Previous study suggested that probiotics can serve as alternatives to increase performance in weaning pigs and the intake of probiotics can be affected by dietary nutrient density. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of complex probiotics (Bacillus coagulance 1×1012 cfu/kg, Bacillus lichenformis 5×1011 cfu/kg, Bacillus subtilis 1×1012 cfu/kg, and Clostridium butyricum 1×1011 cfu/kg) in different nutrient density diets on growth performance, digestibility, blood profiles, fecal microflora, and noxious gas emission in weaning pigs. A total of 140 weaning pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an average body weight (BW) of 7.05 ± 0.31 kg (28 d of age) were used in this 42-d trial. Pigs were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels of energy and nutrient density supplemented with probiotics (0 or 0.05%) according to sex and BW (7 replicate pens, 3 gilts and 2 barrows/pen). From d 22 to 42, both high-nutrient-density and probiotics complex supplementation diets increased (P<0.05) the average daily gain (ADG). On d 42, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, nitrogen and gross energy (GE), BUN concentration, NH3 and H2S emission were increased (P<0.05) in pigs fed high-nutrient-density diets. Pigs fed the probiotics complex supplementation diets had higher (P<0.05) ATTD of GE than pigs fed non-supplemented diets. Fecal Lactobacillus counts was increased, whereas E.coli counts, NH3 and H2S emission were decreased (P<0.05) in pigs fed the probiotics complex supplementation diets. Interactive effects (P<0.05) on average daily feed intake (ADFI) were observed from d 22 to 42 and overall, where the probiotics complex improved ADFI more dramatic in low-nutrient-density diets. In conclusion, the use of complex probiotic improved ADG, digestibility of GE, Lactobacilli counts and decreased E. coli counts, fecal NH3 and H2S emission in weaning pigs. Moreover, the beneficial effect of complex probiotics on ADFI is more dramatic with low-nutrient-density diets. EXPERIMENT 3: EFFECTS OF DIETARY COMPLEX PROBIOTICS SUPPLEMENTATION ON REPORDUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND NOXIOUS GAS EMISSION IN SOWS The impacts of complex probiotics supplementation on reproductive performance and noxious gas emission in sows was evaluated in an experiment with a total of thirty sows (second-parity), from 4 weeks before farrowing to day 21 of lactation. The gestation and lactation diets of sows were supplemented with complex probiotics containing Bacillus subtilis (1.2 × 107 cfu/g) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (1.15 × 106 cfu/g). Treatments included: CON, basal diet, PB0.1, basal diet + 0.1 % probiotics, and PB0.2, basal diet + 0.2 % probiotics. The supplementation of dietary probiotics significantly improved average daily feed intake during the lactation period (quadratic, P=0.0429), sow backfat thickness during the weaning period (linear, P=0.0385), and initial body weight of piglets (linear, P=0.0054) as compared with CON, respectively. Furthermore, the supplementation of dietary probiotics reduced noxious gas emission as compared with CON (linear, P<0.05 for day 5 and day 10), respectively. In conclusion, dietary complex probiotics containing B. subtilis and L. acidophilus improved the reproductive performance of sows, resulted in increased weaning body weight of piglets, and induced an effective and significant reduction in fecal noxious gas emission in lactating sows, as compared with CON.

Up-Conversion and Local Environment of Rare-Earth Ions in Oxy-Fluoride Glass-Ceramics

Chao Liu 포항공과대학교 2003 국내석사

Enhancement of radial basis function neural network for CT ring artifacts reduction

Chao, Zhen Graduate School, Yonsei University 2020 국내박사

Ring artifacts, which are a common phenomenon in computer tomography (CT), can affect image interpretation, post-processing, and quantitative analysis, and even result in the degradation of CT images’ diagnostic quality. Therefore, these artifacts should be reduced or removed. Current methods are mainly concentrated in post-processing. In postprocessing, the concentric circular ring artifacts are converted into parallel lines, so that the difficulty of artifact removal is reduced. However, current methods are based on a process of holistic removal, which doubtlessly causes the normal tissue details to be processed or compromised while removing the artifacts. Accordingly, in this study, a pixel-based postprocessing method was proposed. First, ring artifacts were transformed into linear artifacts by polar coordinate transformation. Then, two smoothing operators were applied to precisely identify and locate these artifacts. Subsequently, the proposed enhanced radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) was applied on each linear artifact pixel. Thexi neuron numbers of the input, hidden, and output layers of the neural network were 8, 40, and 1, respectively. The structure of the entire neural network was designed according to the characteristics of the artifact itself and its relationship with the surrounding normal pixels, which can increase the intelligent processing of artifacts. For the training of the neural network, a hybrid of an adaptive gradient descent algorithm and gravitational search algorithm was adopted. After the corrected image was obtained using the updated neural network, the inverse coordinate transformation was implemented. The experimental data were divided into simulated ring artifacts and real ring artifacts, which were based on brain and abdomen CT images. Among them, for brain data, 160 datasets were used for training and 40 datasets were used for testing. For abdominal data, 380 datasets were applied, of which 300 datasets were used for training and 80 datasets were used for testing. Compared with current total variation (TV)-based on artifact removal methods, the proposed method removed ring artifacts more effectively and retained the maximum detail of normal tissues. Furthermore, for the objective observation of simulated artifacts data, the proposed method obtained an optimal mean peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity (SSIM) values and mean absolute error (MAE) values. In the spatial uniformity (SU) comparison of real artifact data, the performances of the proposed method were also significantly better than the performances of the other two published methods. In addition, in order to further prove the practicability of the proposed neural network, a convolutional neural network was also implemented to eliminate artifacts under the same conditions of training data. Compared with the performance of convolutional neural networks, the proposed RBFNN is more effective in the removal of ring artifacts through subjective observation and objective analysis.

문화예술형 도시재생의 공공성에 관한 연구 : 부산의 사례를 중심으로

가CHAO YARUO 부경대학교 대학원 2022 국내박사

The cultural and artistic urban regeneration has become an important means to promote urban development and to shape urban branding in recent years, which has attracted the great attention of many post-industrial countries. However, significant ambiguitiy remains in the literature regarding the evaluation of its effectiveness nowadays, and it seems that there is a lack of the appropriate perspective to approach the cultural and artistic urban regeneration. While in today's society where the trend of individualization and atomization is increasingly prominent, publicness with great emphasis on the public interests and public value is also becoming a core issue. Because of its inherent connection between cultural and artistic urban regeneration and publicness, this dissertation aims to provide a reference for the sustainable development of cultural and artistic urban regeneration by exploring the public characteristics of typical urban regeneration cases under the leadership of different subjects. From a contextual perspective, this dissertation reviews the literature on the western theories of publicness first, and then it draws on the related theories of East Asian public sociology and public philosophy, combined with the historical traditions and cultural characteristics of East Asian societies, to redefine the concept of publicness from a sociological perspective. Further, based on the subject of the project and the spatial distribution, three cultural and artistic urban regeneration cases in Busan are selected to discuss the existing forms, characteristics, and problems of publicness in different types of cases, and this dissertation tries to propose some suggestions for publicness reconstruction. From a specific structural perspective, this dissertation is composed of six chapters, and the second, the third, the fourth, and the fifth chapters are forming the main part of it. The first chapter is the introduction. This chapter mainly discusses the research purpose, research method, and research object of the dissertation, and it also briefly outlines the overall conception of it. The second chapter discusses the key concepts, theoretical framework, and literature review of this paper. This chapter firstly summarizes the typical publicness theories in western sociology, mainly focusing on the propositions of Arendt, Habermas, and Taylor on the concept of publicness, the loss of publicness in modern society, and how publicness can be reconstructed, etc. Then, by referring to the publicness view of East Asian sociology and public philosophy, as well as to the relevant research findings, this chapter constructs the research dimensions and the analytical framework of this dissertation. The third chapter is the analysis on the publicness of the government-led cultural and artistic urban regeneration through the Busan Opera House project. Applying Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice, this chapter figures out the characteristics of publicness from the review and analysis of official documents, interviews with relevant personnel, and multimedia data on the contradictions among the relevant stakeholders in the progress of the Busan Opera House project. The progress and results of the Busan Opera House confirmed the legitimacy of the government’s involvement in the field of art, and they also reflected the importance that civic groups and ordinary citizens attached to the construction of a comprehensive cultural space in Busan. Although the public opinion formed by citizens' feedbacks has limited influence on the progress of the project, it highlights the awakening and development of East Asian citizens. Meanwhile, the problem of the lack of publicness in the project cannot be ignored. On the one hand, it is the problem of elitism and adaptability of art ontology; on the other hand, there are public financial problems and procedural publicness problems caused by the absolute dominance of the government. The fourth chapter is a discussion on the publicness of PlanB Cultural and Artistic Cooperative which has the nature of civic groups and their important urban regeneration project KANGKANGEE Arts Village. PlanB adopts the form of social economy to construct a network that is conducive to the development of regional culture and publicness in Busan. It shows the publicness of different dimensions such as finance, procedures, public welfare purposes, multi-stakeholder participation, and enhancement of citizens' cultural rights. From the operation of KANGKANGEE Arts Village project that PlanB is in charge of, these characteristics of publicness are also displayed, and at the same time, the publicness of locality and sustainability of the project are also highlighted in details. However, there are also some potentials to improve, such as the coordination of the relationship between the cooperating stakeholders and the imbalanced focusing of art content planning, which shows a slight insufficiency in the reflective and critical formation of publicness. The fifth chapter examines the publicness characteristics of cultural and artistic urban regeneration led by both artists and the government through the case of urban regeneration of Gamcheon Culture Village. Gamcheon Culture Village is a classic case of urban regeneration through public art projects, and the public art itself has its own publicness: participation in discourse generation, openness in communication space, diversity in media presentation, and anti-elitist in value orientation, etc. Artists participating in the public art projects not only demonstrate the pluralism of individual artistic aesthetics, but also surpass themselves to pursue a public value that contributes to the development of the entire region. During the course of the project for many years, Gamcheon Culture Village has highlighted the participatory publicness that integrates public and private interests, and the sustainable publicness that balances preservation and regeneration. However, there are also several publicness problems such as the new village community has not yet been formed; the commercialization of villages has led to a certain imbalance in the relationship between subjects; and the authenticity of art has been lost. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, which mainly summarizes the research focus of this dissertation, reflects on the publicness reconstruction of cultural and artistic urban regeneration, and provides insights for the publicness reconstruction of related projects in China.

말뭉치를 기반으로 한 한국어 시간관계 연결어미와 중국어 대응 양상 연구

Yi, Chao 연세대학교 대학원 2016 국내박사