Effect of Total Hip Arthroplasty on Ipsilateral Lower Limb Alignment and Knee Joint Space Width: Minimum 5-Year Follow-up

Choi Yun Seong,Park Jung-Wee,Kim Tae Woo,Kang Kee Soo,Lee Young-Kyun,Koo Kyung-Hoi,Chang Chong Bum 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.20

Background: This study aimed to 1) assess the effect of total hip arthroplasty (THA) on coronal limb alignment, namely, the hip–knee–ankle angle (HKA), 2) identify factors that determine changes in the HKA, and 3) determine whether alignment changes influence the knee joint space width. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 266 limbs of patients who underwent THA. Three types of prostheses with neck shaft angles (NSAs) of 132°, 135°, and 138° were used. Several radiographic parameters were measured in the preoperative and final radiographs (at least 5 years after THA). A paired t-test was used to confirm the effect of THA on HKA change. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify radiographic parameters related to HKA changes following THA and changes in knee joint space width. Subgroup analyses were performed to reveal the effect of NSA change on the HKA change, and the proportion of total knee arthroplasty usage and changes in radiographic parameters between maintained joint space and narrowed joint space groups were compared. Results: The preoperative mean HKA was 1.4° varus and increased to 2.7° varus after THA. This change was related to changes in the NSA, lateral distal femoral angle, and femoral bowing angle. In particular, in the group with a decrease in NSA of > 5°, the preoperative mean HKA was largely changed from 1.4° varus to 4.6° varus after THA. The prostheses with NSA of 132° and 135° also led to greater varus HKA changes than those with an NSA of 138°. Narrowing of the medial knee joint space was related to changes in the varus direction of the HKA, decrease in NSA, increase in femoral offset. Conclusion: A large reduction in NSA can lead to considerable varus limb alignment after THA, which can have adverse effects on the medial compartment of the ipsilateral knee.

Prednisolone 投與로 因한 家兎中樞淋巴組織의 形態學的硏究

河在昌,李東久,洪錫宰 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1982 계명의대학술지 Vol.1 No.1

成熟家兎를 實驗動物로 하여 prednisolone 을 5㎎ 및 10㎎ 씩 1日 1回 連 3日間 注射하고 中樞淋巴組織인 胸腺과 蟲垂淋巴組織에 惹起되는 變化를 機能的組織構造에 따라 光學 및 電子顯微鏡的으로 檢索한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 組織學的으로 胸腺에 있어서는 小葉皮質에서 淋巴球의 甚한 消失과 細綱細胞 및 大食細胞의 顯著한 增加를 볼 수 있었으나 隨質에서는 淋巴球가 거의 減少되지 않았다. 蟲垂淋巴組織은 dome, corooa 및 follicle에서 다같이 大小淋巴球의 甚한 消失과 大食細胞의 著明한 增加를 볼 수 있었으며 TDA에서는 淋巴球가 極히 輕한 程度로 減少하였을 뿐으로서 거의 正常한 狀態로 보였다. 電子顯微鏡的으로 胸腺皮質의 淋巴球는 核邊綠의 不規則, 核膜의 消失 및 核破壞 等의 甚한 變性 내지 壞死性變化가 惹起되었으며 細綱細胞 및 大食細胞에서는 空胞의 養性擴張, mitochondria의 종신 및 cristae의 消失 그리고 破壞된 淋巴球의 탐식 等이 5㎎ 注射群보다는 10㎎ 群에서 좀 더 顯著하게 나타났다. 그러나 隨質에서는 몇몇 淋巴球에서 核濃縮과 核邊綠의 不規則性이 있을뿐 著明한 變性變化는 없었다. 蟲垂淋巴組織에서도 dome, corona 및 follicle의 淋巴球는 甚한 壞死性變化를 보였으며 TDA에서는 그 變化가 極히 輕하였다. Dome 및 follicle의 大食細胞에서는 破壞된 淋巴球가 가끔 탐식되어 있었다. 以上의 成績으로 보아 一般的으로 cortiosteroid의 中樞淋巴組織에 對한 影響은 胸腺에서는 皮質의 淋巴球에 그리고 蟲垂淋巴組織에서는 주로 B淋巴球領域의 淋巴球에 일어나며 그 變化는 非可逆性 壞死까지도 誘發하는 것으로 推定된다. This study was carried out to investigate morphological changes in the central lymphoid tissue of thymus gland and appendix of 12 healthy adult rabbits treated with injecting prednisolone of 5 and 10mg each to the animals once per day 3 consecutive days. The results were as follows: Light microscopically, a considerable loss of lymphocytes in lobular cortex of thymus gland, along with noticeable increase of macrophages and reticulum cells, were found. However, no significant decrease of lymphocytes in its medulla persent. Significant loss of large and small lymphocytes and considerable increased macrophages in the areas of dome, corona, and follicles of appendiceal lymphoid tissue were noted. However, very meagre decrease of lymphocytes in thymus dependent area only was noticed. Electron microscopically marked degeneration and necrotic changes of lymphocytes, such as irregularity of nulear margin, loss of nuclear membrane, and destruction of lymphocytes in the cortex of thymus gland occured. in reticulum cells and macrophages, cystic degeneration of vesicles, swelling of mitochondria, loss of cristae, and phagocytosis of destructed lymphocytes were prominent in the group of 10mg injection than in that of 5mg. Nevertheless, nuclear condensations and irregularities of nuclear margin of some lymphocytes were noticed in medulla with no clear degenerative changes. In appendiceal lymphoid tissue, a severe nocrotic changes of lymphocytes of dome, corona and follicles were observed. However, its changes in thymus dependent area were very little. In macrophages of dome and follicles, destructed lymphocytes were seen to be occasionally phagocytosed. It may be summarized that the effects of corticosteroid on the central lymphoid tissue take place in lymphocytes in cortex of thymus gland and in lymphocytes of B lymphocytical area of appendiceal lymphoid tissue. It may also be assumed that the changes aforementioned can include irreversible necrosis.

Diagnostic Significance of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Microvascular Decompression of Patients with Hemifacial Spasm or Trigeminal Neuralgia

( Sang-koo Park ),( Sung-hyuk Lim ),( Chan-woo Park ),( Jin-woo Park ),( Sung-ho Chang ),( Keun-hye Park ),( Hae-ja Park ),( Ji-hye Song ),( Dong-ok Uhm ),( Ki-bong Kim ) 대한임상검사과학회 2011 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.43 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyse brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) wave change data during microvascular decompression (MVD). The nerve function of Cranial Nerve VIII is at risk during MVD. Intraoperative monitoring of BAEP can be a useful tool to decrease the danger of hearing loss. Between January and December 2009, 242 patients had MVD for hemifacial spasm (HFS) and trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Among intraoperative BAEP changes, amplitude of V-V’ was the most frequently observed during cerebellar retraction and decompression step of the MVD procedure. 138 patients (57%) had no BAEP change while 104 patients (42.98%) had BAEP change. 69 patients (28.5%) had Type A-I, 16 patients (6.6%) had Type A-II, 5 patients (2.1%) had Type B, and 13 patients (5.37%) had Type C. MVD is a surgical procedure to relieve the symptoms (e.g. pain, muscle twitching) caused by compression of a nerve by an artery or vein. During BAEP intraoperative monitoring, the surgical step is important in interpreting the changes of wave V. Several potential mechanisms of injury may affect the cochlear nerve, and complete loss of BAEP is often associated with postoperative hearing loss. Intraoperative BAEP monitoring may provide an early warning of hearing disturbance after MVD.

Diagnostic Significance of Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Microvascular Decompression of Patients with Hemifacial Spasm or Trigeminal Neuralgia

Park, Sang-Koo,Lim, Sung-Hyuk,Park, Chan-Woo,Park, Jin-Woo,Chang, Sung-Ho,Park, Keun-Hye,Park, Hae-Ja,Song, Ji-Hye,Uhm, Dong-Ok,Kim, Ki-Bong 대한임상검사과학회 2011 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.43 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyse brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) wave change data during microvascular decompression (MVD). The nerve function of Cranial Nerve VIII is at risk during MVD. Intraoperative monitoring of BAEP can be a useful tool to decrease the danger of hearing loss. Between January and December 2009, 242 patients had MVD for hemifacial spasm (HFS) and trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Among intraoperative BAEP changes, amplitude of V-V' was the most frequently observed during cerebellar retraction and decompression step of the MVD procedure. 138 patients (57%) had no BAEP change while 104 patients (42.98%) had BAEP change. 69 patients (28.5%) had Type A-I, 16 patients (6.6%) had Type A-II, 5 patients (2.1%) had Type B, and 13 patients (5.37%) had Type C. MVD is a surgical procedure to relieve the symptoms (e.g. pain, muscle twitching) caused by compression of a nerve by an artery or vein. During BAEP intraoperative monitoring, the surgical step is important in interpreting the changes of wave V. Several potential mechanisms of injury may affect the cochlear nerve, and complete loss of BAEP is often associated with postoperative hearing loss. Intraoperative BAEP monitoring may provide an early warning of hearing disturbance after MVD.

Estimation of Demand For Meat In Korea

( Won W. Koo ),( Seung Ryong Yang ),( Chang Buhm Lee ) 한국농촌경제연구원 1993 Journal of Rural Development Vol.16 No.2

This study estimates the Korean meat demand, using a general switching AIDS model, and tests if the demand structure changes over time. The demand for beef, pork, chicken, and other meat products is estimated, using annual data from 1970 to 1989. The separability test suggests that fish does not have to be included in this meat demand analysis. The results indicate that structural change in meat consumption occurred between 1977 and 1989, possibly with no termination during the sample period. Significant structural changes are detected in the beef and pork demands, but not in the chicken demand. While price elasticity of beef remains inelastic before and after the structural change, demand for pork becomes less price elastic and that for chicken more elastic after the structural change.

肉鷄後期飼料의 給與時期가 鷄肉의 理化學的 性質에 미치는 影響 : 貯藏期間別에 따른 pH, 保水性 및 軟度의 變化 Changes in PH, Water Holding Capacity and Tendness

尹東根,鄭場龍,張判亨,朴久富 진주산업대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

後期飼料를 3주령부터 조기에 급여한 broiler肉의 흉심부, 대퇴부 및 근위를 냉장온도(4℃)에서 저장한 후 저장시간의 경과(0,8,48,96,168시간)에 따른 pH, 보수성 및 軟度의 變化를 경시적으로 分析한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. pH의 變化를 보면 各 시험구의 部位間에는 통계적인 유의성이 없었고 저장시간의 경과에 따른 경시적인 차이를 보면 도살직후 6.68~6.77로 나타났으나 저장후 8시간이 경과될 때 pH가 5.67~5.76으로 급격히 저하되었으며 48시간이 경과되면서 부터 상승하여 이후는 서서히 회복되었다. 2. 保水性의 變化를 보면 各 시험구의 부위간에는 통계적인 유의성이 없었고 저장시간의 경과에 따른 경시적인 차이를 보면 도살직후 65.9~67.4%로 나타났으며 저장후 8시간이 경과될 때 흉심, 대퇴, 근위 모두 급격히 감소되었으나 48시간이 경과되면서 부터 증가되어 168시간 이후부터는 서서히 회복되었다. 3. 軟度의 變化는 흉심과 대퇴部位 근육에 비하여 근위가 매우 낮았고 저장기간의 경과에 따른 變化는 도살직후에 비하여 8시간이 경과될때 현저히 낮아진 후 48시간까지는 서서히 감소된후 168시간 부터는 회복되는 결과였다. 4. pH, 保水性 및 軟度等의 물리적인 性質을 究明한 바 각 처리區間에 통계적인 유의성은 인정되지 않았으며 3주령 부터 후기사료를 급여한 결과 pH, 보수성 및 연도 等에 영향을 미치지 않았다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the changes in pH, water holding capacity and tenderness as the passage of storing time(0,8,48 168 hr) after storing at 4℃ the meat cut 3 parts of leg, breast and gizzard of broiler-Hubbard at 9weeks fed early finisher diet from 3 weeks. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. In the pH changes during postmorterm storage, there were nonsignificant differences(p>0.05) between treatments. In the pH changes as storage time passed, pH immediately after slaughtering was 6.68 to 6.77 and the lowest with 5.67 to 5.76 when storage time passed 8hours and pH was again high after storage time passed 48 hours. 2. Though the changes in water holding capacity were nonsignificant differences(p>0.05) between leg, breast and gizzard meat. There was lightly difference as the storage time passed, pH immediately after slaughtering was 65.9 to 67.4%, pH of leg, breast and gizzard was decreased as the storage time passed 8 hours, but was increased as the storage time passed 48 hours. 3. The changes in tenderness were lower in gizzard in leg than breast. It was lower in the storage of 8 hours than immediately after slaughtering. After pH was gradually decreased to the storage of 48 hours, again increased from the storage of 168 hours. 4.PH, water holding capacity and tenderness analyzed in this experiment were non significant differences(p>0.05) between treatments and there was not the effect of finisher diet on the physical properties.

산업용 조정 피치형 축류송풍기의 성능예측에 관한 연구

구재인(Jae-In Koo),김창수(Chang-Soo Kim),정진택(Jin-Teak Chung),김광호(Kwang-Ho Kim) 한국유체기계학회 2001 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

In the present study, we studied the method of predicting the on-design and off-design point performance of axial flow fan with adjustable pitch blades. With the change of stagger angle of axial flow fan with adjustable pitch blade, flow rate and pressure can be changed. Because of this merit, adjustable pitch fans are used in many industrial facility. When changing stagger angle or estimating the performance at a wide range of off-design condition, incidence angle changes greatly as the flow rate changes. Therefore, the deviation angle at the blade exit is estimated by the correlation considering the effects of blade design, incidence angle variation. In the loss model, we used known pressure loss model for blade boundary layer and wake, secondary flow, endwall boundary layer and tip leakage flow. The results of modified deviation angle model and experiment were compared for the usefulness of the modified model.

혐기화 시간에 따른 활성슬러지의 물리·화학적 특성변화

이창한,나영수,김도한,이송우,송승구 한국환경과학회 2002 한국환경과학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Physico-chemical properties of the activated sludges(Suyoung and Changlim treatment plant). such as SVI(sludge volume index), absorbance, specific surface area, and specific resistance using Buchener funnel test were investigated with changing anaerobic storage time. This experimental condition was found that it was possible to estimate a linear relationship between their parameters such as specific area, specific resistance, and sludge volume index(SVI). The specific surface area and the specific resistance to filtration of the activated sludges of Suyoung and Changlim treatment plant were found as 123.6~136.6㎡/gDS and 41.5 ~ 44.9㎡/gDS(dry solid), and 1.09×10^14 ~ 5.48×10^14m/㎏, respectively. The results gave a good linear relationship between the specific surface area and the specific resistance. r=2.25×10^12s-8.10×10^13(R^2=0.8885) at Suyoung treatment plant and r=1.26×10^13s-4.75×10^14(R^2=0.8756) at Canglim treatment plact.

APPLICATION OF TRAVELING SALESMAN PROBLEM(TSP) FOR DECISION OF OPTIMAL PRODUCTION SEQUENCE

Chang, Kun Soo,Yeo, Yeong Koo,Chang, Jin Yang,Kim, Kil Su,Jeong, Eun Young,Oh, Sea Cheon 한국화학공학회 1997 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.14 No.5

In the present study a reliable and structural decision system for production sequence of polymeric products is developed. Minimization of the amount of off-specs are the main objective in the decision of production sequence to maximize profit. Off-specs are generated when the production sequence of polymeric products is changed. The amount of off-specs depends on changes of product grades. In the present study we applied the traveling salesman problem (TSP) to achieve optimal decision of production sequence. To solve the optimal decision problem formulated by TSP, we employed three different approaches such as Branch and Bound (B&B) method. Dynamic Programming (DP) method and Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) method. Production sequences computed based on the actual plant off-spec data were compared with the sequences employed in the actual plant operation. From the comparison the decision method proposed in the present study showed increased profits and reduced off-specs.

담배 박각시나방 Manduca sexta의 계획된 세포죽음동안의 Proteasome의 변화

이구봉,우기민,조만희,이상한,장예진,김창세 순천향의학연구소 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.2

모든 진핵세포의 주요 단백질 분해요소인 proteasome은 변성되거나 상해된 불필요한 단백질을 제거할 뿐만 아니라, 세포주기를 비롯한 다양한 대사과정들의 주요 효소들을 필요 시 적절히 분해함으로써 항상성을 유지시키는 필수적인 효소로 잘 알려져 있다. 또한 proteasome은 특정 포유동물 조직의 계획된 세포죽음(programmed cell death 또는 apoptosis)와 밀접하게 관련되어 있다고 보고된 바, 본 연구에서는 담배 박각시나방(Manduca sexta)의 변태과정에서 일어나는 마디간 근육(intersegmental muscle)의 급격한 파괴과정동안의 proteasome의 변화양상을 발현 및 단백질 분해활성을 중점으로 조사하였다. 정상근육과 파괴직전의 근육으로부터 proteasome을 분석한 결과 단백질 분해활성이 최소한 6배 이상 증가하였으며, proteasome의 주요 구성성분들의 발현 변화를 각각의 항체(antibody)를 이용하여 조사한 결과 세포죽음 직전에 급격히 증가함을 보였다. 이러한 구성성분들의 발현증가가 proteasome 복합체 형성을 통해 활성의 증가를 일으키는지 조사한 결과, 세포내에서 실질적으로 단백질 분해활성을 담당한다고 여겨지는 26S proteasome(2,000 kDa)의 위치에서 커다란 활성의 변화와 구성성분의 증가를 볼 수 있었다. 따라서, 담배 박각시나방의 계획된 세포죽음 현상은 특정 호르몬의 신호에 의해 proteasome의 발현이 급격히 증가하여 26S proteasome의 복합체 형태로 세포 내 대부분의 단백질들을 분해함으로써 30시간이내 근육조직을 완전히 소멸시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 한편, proteasome을 구성하는 특정 구성성분의 과다 발현이 세포의 단백질 분해현상에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지 조사하기 위하여 쥐의 fibroblast cell에 26S proteasome의 ATPase 구성성분인 m56 유전자를 삽입한 후 세포의 추출물로부터 proteasome의 양과 활성의 변화를 관찰하였다. Proteasome을 초원심분리로 추출하여 관찰한 결과, 담배 박각시나방의 경우와는 달리 유전자 삽입 세포는 모든 실험에서 정상 세포와 전혀 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이 결과로부터 세포의 생명 유지에 필수적이고 매우 다양한 기능을 가진 proteasome은 40여개의 구성성분들의 발현이 매우 정교하게 조절되고 있으며, 특정 세포죽음 자극(apoptotic signal)이 왔을 때 일련의 구성 성분들의 발현과 26S proteasome 복합체 형성이 증가함으로써 그 기능을 수행하는 것을 알 수 있으며, 보다 자세한 연구는 비정상적 단백질 분해나 세포죽음을 동반하는 여러 질환들의 원인과 현상을 규명할 수 있으며, 또한 그 활성을 조절함으로써 궁극적인 치료의 방향도 제시 가능할 것으로 기대된다.