지속가능발전교육 관점에 입각한 웹기반 기후변화 환경교육이 초등학생의 환경 인식 및 태도에 미치는 영향

정창규,이상원 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2010 교과교육학연구 Vol.14 No.3

본 연구는 웹기반을 활용한 기후변화 환경교육이 초등학생의 환경 인식과 태도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 선행연구 고찰을 통하여 웹기반을 활용한 기후변화교육에 관한 교수·학습 모형 및 프로그램을 개발하고, 학습 현장에 적용하였다. 그 효과를 검증하기 위한 검사지는 황수정(2009)이 개발한 설문지를 재구성하였으며, 연구과정에서 얻어진 정량적 자료는 SPSS 12.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하고, 정량적 분석의 한계를 보완하기 위하여 정성적 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 첫째, 지속가능발전 관점에서 바라본 기후변화에 관련된 내용을 추출 및 재구성하여 웹기반을 활용한 기후변화 환경교육을 위한 교수·학습 모형을 개발하고, 이를 바탕으로 환경교육 프로그램을 구안 및 적용시켰다. 둘째, 웹기반을 활용한 기후변화 환경교육 프로그램이 초등학생의 환경 인식 및 태도에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 웹기반을 활용한 기후변화 환경교육 프로그램의 적용은 지식적 측면에서는 차이를 보이진 않았다. 넷째, 웹기반을 활용한 기후변화 환경교육 프로그램을 적용한 후에 환경 인식이 높은 학생일수록 환경태도가 높게 나타났다. 결론적으로 웹기반을 활용한 기후변화 환경교육 프로그램은 초등학교 학교현장에 적용 가능하며, 다양한 환경교육 방법이 요구되고 있는 시점에서 새로운 교육방법으로써 그 가치가 크다고 할 수 있다. 차후 이와 관련된 심층적인 연구와 교수ㆍ학습 활동에 관한 후속 연구가 필요하다고 본다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the web-based climate change educational program on environmental awareness and attitudes of 5th grade elementary school students in Gyeonggi-Do. The students were divided into an experiment group and a control group. A reconstructed questionnaire through Hwang(2009)`s test tool was used to survey the affects of web-based climate change educational programs. The SPSS 12.0 program was used to analyze the results. The major results of this study were as follows: First, the researcher was able to develop and apply a professor-learning model for web-based climate change environmental education by extracting and recreating the climate change-related contents from 5th and 6th grader curriculum. Second, the web-based climate change educational program had a positive effect on elementary school students’ environmental awareness and attitude. Third, after implementing the web-based climate change educational program, the students with higher environmental awareness showed a higher regard for the environment. In conclusion, the web-based climate change educational program was effectively used on elementary school students and the program proved to have a positive affect on 5th graders’ environmental awareness and attitude. Therefore, in-depth study and follow-up research on teaching and learning activities should be highly considered.

일반논문 : 전국(戰國)시기를 중심으로 본 신(信)관념의 변화 -제주지역 공유재 연구를 위한 담론2-

정창원 ( Chang Won Jung ) 제주대학교 탐라문화연구소 2014 탐라문화 Vol.0 No.46

“공유재(common pool resources)의 사용과 관리”는 역사적 관점에서 접근하자면 “사회적인 약속 - 信”이라는 관념적 기초에서 파생된다고 말할 수 있다. 다자간의 의식 속에 함유된 信의 관념이 유지될 때 비로소 공유재의 사용에 대한 사회적 약속 또한 합리적인 구속력을 유지할 수 있을 것이다. 춘추시대 인식된 信의 관념은 그 시대에 흐름에 따라 변화를 가져올 수밖에 없었을 것이다. 信의 윤리도덕에 내재된 의미는 외부의 열악한 시공과 환경으로 좌절될 수 없지만, 현실정치의 이해와 충돌하였을 때에는 信의 관념이 희생되는 면도 없지 않다. 그러나 信이라고 하는 윤리도덕에 내재하고 있는 의미는 여전히 사람이 처세하고 사회적 합의를 이루는데 있어서 중요하고 영원불변한 기본덕목일 것이다. 춘추전국시대의 정치발전은 ‘信’에 대한 관념이 변하고 있음을 뚜렷이 보여주고 있다. 이러한 현상의 형성은 두 가지 신흥세력인 종횡가와 병가와 밀접한 관계가 있는데, 종횡가와 병가의 공통 목표는 모두 국가로 하여금 강성하게 하는 것이었고, 그들에게 있어 중요한 것은 바로 어떻게 하면 패하지 않는 위치에 서는 것일까라는 점이었다. 현실정치의 환경에 처해서도 그들은 ‘信’의 도덕적 관념을 지킬 수 없었고, 또한 그들의 행위는 전국시대 ‘信’을 중시하지 않는 기풍을 형성하게 하였다. 秦의 통일에 따라 ‘信’의 관념은 도구적인 용도로 변하여 통치의 방법이 되었고, 그 이전시기와는 다르게 도덕적 범주를 벗어났다. 진은 법에 의거하여 국가를 세웠기 때문에 자연히 법가적 통치방법을 계승하였다. 법가는 ‘信’을 국가 통치의 도구로 삼았고 군주가 ‘信’이 있어 여러 도덕적인 역량에 호소하지 않는 것이 신민을 다스리는데 이로웠는데 이는 당연히 통일제국의 출현과 관련이 있다. 춘추시대부터 전국시대까지 ‘信’의 관념은 확실히 변화를 보였다. 그러나 변화의 과정 중에는 또한 영원불변의 부분을 내포하고 있기도 하다. In the study of continuous management of common pool resources that Jeju National University Research Team aims, the use and management of common pool resources can say to be derived from ideological basis "Social commitment - Trust (信)". When the idea of Trust (信) in consciousness of multilateral maintains, the social commitment for common pool resources will also be able to maintain reasonable binding force. Trust (信)" exists as actual personal morality for a very long time. However, the Trust (信) becomes the notion of real morality from the Spring and Autumn period, and the Confucianists (儒家) succeed and complete the ideological system in the pre-Qin period. Many pre-Qin period schools have different point of view for the Trust, but basically, they agree that the Trust (信) is an important moral ethics. The idea of Trust (信) during the Spring and Autumn period would be forced to bring the change, depending on the age. However, during the process of change, it also involves the part of eternal unchange. The notion of morality, which the Trust (信) includes, has construction-transcendent eternity. In other words, it has a part of a constant perpetuity. Inherent meaning of ethics of Trust (信) cannot be frustrated by external construction and environment, but when it confronts the understanding of real politics, the concept of Trust (信) may sacrifice. However, the inherent meaning of the Trust (信) is still important and eternal unchangeable basic virtue in getting along with people and achieving social consensus. As reaching the Warring States Periods, the period spirit becomes more cunning and odd, and so it seems to be recognized that winning the victory by using the trick and force has direct effect. To make favorable circumference of their country, the countries repeat lying and breaking the Trust among them. Therefore, the Trust (信) cannot discuss no longer in this situation. The vow also seems to become almost collapsed. As the result of not believing in each other, the universe unification of the Qin Dynasty (秦) finally could be completed. The political development of spring-autumn period and Warring States Periods shows clearly that the idea of Trust (信) is changing. The formation of this phenomenon is closely related in political strategists (縱橫家) and military strategist in ancient China (兵家). The common goal of them is to make it rigid, and the important thing for them is how to stand at the position that does not defeat. They could not keep the moral ideas of Trust (信) in real politics, and also their actions build the spirit that does not concern the Trust (信) of the Warring States Periods important. According to he unification of Qin (秦), the concept of the Trust (信) is changed to instrumental use and becomes method of ruling. Unlike the previous period, it deviates from the moral category. Jin establishes the nation under the laws, so it succeeds in Legalists(法家) ruling methods. The Legalists (法家) make the Trust (信) as a tool for governing country. It is beneficial to govern the subjects if does not complain to the moral capability. This is, of course, related to the emergence of a unified empire. From the Spring and Autumn period to the Warring States Period, the idea of Trust (信) shows definite change. However, during the process of change, it also implies the part of the eternal unchange. As describe above, the try for exploring the understanding of ideological change of the Trust (信) is for providing historical background to search fundamental elements of common pool resources`` sustainable use and management. Thus, I expect to the historical information above is provided as a basis to the current conflict elements in Jeju community that the Jeju National University SSK Research Team tries. I also hope that it becomes historical background for original searching of current social conflicts through exploring the conscious change of Trust (信) after the Spring and Autumn period.

Causes and Predictive Factors Associated with "Diagnosis Changed" Outcomes in Patients Notified as Tuberculosis Cases in a Private Tertiary Hospital

Kang, Byung Ju,Jo, Kyung-Wook,Park, Tai Sun,Yoo, Jung-Wan,Lee, Sei Won,Choi, Chang-Min,Oh, Yeon-Mok,Lee, Sang-Do,Kim, Woo Sung,Kim, Dong Soon,Shim, Tae Sun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.75 No.6

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the "diagnosis changed" rate in patients notified as tuberculosis (TB) on the Korean TB surveillance system (KTBS). Methods: A total of 1,273 patients notified as TB cases on the KTBS in one private tertiary hospital in 2011 were enrolled in the present study. Patients were classified into three groups: "diagnosis maintained", "diagnosis changed" (initially notified as TB, but ultimately diagnosed as non-TB), and "administrative error" (notified as TB due to administrative errors). Results: Excluding 17 patients in the "administrative error" group, the "diagnosis maintained" and "diagnosis changed" groups included 1,097 (87.3%) and 159 patients (12.7%), respectively. Common causes of "diagnosis changed" were nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease (51.7%, 61/118), and pneumonia (17.8%) in cases notified as pulmonary TB, and meningitis (19.5%, 8/41) and Crohn's disease (12.2%) in cases notified as extrapulmonary TB. Being older than 35 years of age (odds ratio [OR], 2.18) and a positive acid-fast bacilli stain (OR, 1.58) were positive predictors and a TB-related radiological finding (OR, 0.42) was a negative predictor for a "diagnosis changed" result via multivariate logistic regression analysis in pulmonary TB cases. Conclusion: Because of a high "diagnosis changed" rate in TB notifications to the KTBS, the TB incidence rate measured by the KTBS may be overestimated. Considering the worldwide trend toward increased NTM disease, the "diagnosis changed" rate may increase over time. Thus, when reporting the annual TB notification rate in Korea, the exclusion of "diagnosis changed" cases is desirable.

Causes and Predictive Factors Associated with “Diagnosis Changed” Outcomes in Patients Notified as Tuberculosis Cases in a Private Tertiary Hospital

( Byung Ju Kang ),( Kyung Wook Jo ),( Tai Sun Park ),( Jung Wan Yoo ),( Sei Won Lee ),( Chang Min Choi ),( Yeon Mok Oh ),( Sang Do Lee ),( Woo Sung Kim ),( Dong Soon Kim ),( Tae Sun Shim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.75 No.6

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the “diagnosis changed” rate in patients notified as tuberculosis (TB) on the Korean TB surveillance system (KTBS). Methods: A total of 1,273 patients notified as TB cases on the KTBS in one private tertiary hospital in 2011 were enrolled in the present study. Patients were classified into three groups: “diagnosis maintained”, “diagnosis changed” (initially notified as TB, but ultimately diagnosed as non-TB), and “administrative error” (notified as TB due to administrative errors). Results: Excluding 17 patients in the “administrative error” group, the “diagnosis maintained” and “diagnosis changed” groups included 1,097 (87.3%) and 159 patients (12.7%), respectively. Common causes of “diagnosis changed” were nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease (51.7%, 61/118), and pneumonia (17.8%) in cases notified as pulmonary TB, and meningitis (19.5%, 8/41) and Crohn`s disease (12.2%) in cases notified as extrapulmonary TB. Being older than 35 years of age (odds ratio [OR], 2.18) and a positive acid-fast bacilli stain (OR, 1.58) were positive predictors and a TB-related radiological finding (OR, 0.42) was a negative predictor for a “diagnosis changed” result via multivariate logistic regression analysis in pulmonary TB cases. Conclusion: Because of a high “diagnosis changed” rate in TB notifications to the KTBS, the TB incidence rate measured by the KTBS may be overestimated. Considering the worldwide trend toward increased NTM disease, the “diagnosis changed” rate may increase over time. Thus, when reporting the annual TB notification rate in Korea, the exclusion of “diagnosis changed” cases is desirable.

카드뮴폭로후 고환, 신장 및 간장내 카드뮴축적량과 조직손상의 변화

이영구,박정덕,최병선,홍연표,장임원 大韓産業醫學會 1994 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

To assess the changes of cadmium deposit and histopathologic finding of testis, liver and kidney, different dose of cadmium (Cd) was administerd into male Sprague-Dawley rat(purchased from KIST, Korea Institute of Science and technology) by single intravenous injection. At 12, 24, 48, 168 and 672 hours after Cd injection, tissue cadmium concentration and histopathological change were examined. Cd exposed group showed lesser weight gain than the control. Renal Cd content tended to increase in time-dependent pattern, while hepatic and testicular Cd content tended to decrease. Mean of renal Cd content to hepatic Cd content (Cd K/Cd L) also progressively increased. These results suggest that Cd might be gradually transported to kidney from other organs. In testis and liver, degenerative changes appeared relatively in acute phase. These changes became more pronounced in testis, while less prominent in liver. In kidney, swelling of proximal tubluar cells and thickening of glomerular basement membrane appeared relatively later and these changes were progressively aggravated.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

Hematologic and hemodynamic findings during hemodialysis in 13 beagle dogs

Chang-Moo Ji, Hae-Won Jung, Hyo-Mi Jang, Jong-Hyun Moon, Dong-In Jung 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2014 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.15 No.2

Hemodialysis is an effective therapy for renal failure in veterinary practice. To evaluate hematologic and hemodynamic changes during hemodialysis, 13 dogs were treated with hemodialysis, after which complete blood cell counts (CBC), serum chemistry, and mean systolic blood pressure were analyzed. For CBC, white blood cells (WBC) and platelets underwent significant changes. In serum chemistry, there were significant differences in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, amylase, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus contents. Further, mean systolic blood pressure suddenly increased in early hemodialysis and decreased significantly thereafter. During hemodialysis, adverse effects were observed in some dogs as follows: bleeding (1 dog), anemia (2 dogs), leukopenia (8 dogs), thrombocytopenia (2 dogs), and hypotension (1 dog). This study demonstrates hematologic and hemodynamic effects during hemodialysis as well as complications similar to human medicine. Before applying the commercialized human hemodialysis system to canine renal failure patients, we monitored hematologic and hemodynamic findings during hemodialysis in healthy beagle dogs.

카드뮴폭로후 혈액과 요중 카드뮴의 변화양상

박정덕,김미정,최병선,홍연표,장임원 大韓産業醫學會 1994 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

The changes of cadmium(Cd) in plasma, whole blood, erythrocyte and urine in Sprangue-Dawley male rats exposed to intravenous singleinjection of 0.8 ㎎ CdCl₂/kg of body weight were investigated. Blood was taken at 0.5 to 672 hours, and 24 hour-urine was collected by using metabolic cage for the same period. The plasma level of Cd was reached to peak at 0.5 hour after injection and reduced rapidly in 1 hour. The Cd level in blood was the highest in plasma and the lowest in erythrocyte at 0.5 hour after injection. However, in one hour postinjection, the levels of Cd were higher in order of erythrocyte, whole blood and plasma, up to 4 weeks. The changes of urinary volume and creatinine were not significant between Cd-treated and saline-treated groups. However, urinary protein was slightly increased with time in Cd-treated group. Urinary Cd level was higher in Cd treated group than control. These results suggest that the measurement of Cd in erythrocyte and urine is valuable for the biological index to estimate recent Cd exposure.

Endoscopy and Imaging Modalities/Basic Science of Gastrointestinal Disorders/Miscellaneous : Changing Pattern Of Digestive And Liver Disease In Korea, 1990-2006 Year; A Single Center Study

( Jung Hyun Kwon ),( Sang Woo Kim ),( In Sik Chung ),( Myung Gyu Choi ),( Kwan Woo Nam ),( Jung Pil Suh ),( Jae Hyuck Chang ),( Won Haing Hur ),( Yu Kyung Cho ),( Jae Myung Park ),( In Seok Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: Westernization in many Asian countries have changed lifestyles and diets, so once rare diseases have now become prevalent. The aim of this study is to investigate the changing pattern of digestive and liver disease in Korea, from 1990 to 2006. Methods: We extracted data specific gastrointestina (GI) disease based on the International Classification of Diseases code from the in-patients records at the Kangnam St. Mary`s Hospital in 1990, 1996 and 2006. This hospital is a tertiary-care hospital in Seoul, Korea, which has a capacity of 800 beds. Results: The admission rate for GI disease increased between 1990 and 2006. Overall in-patients were 1,623 persons in 1990, 2,368 persons in 1996 and 4,166 persons in 2006. The mean age of in-patients increased as time went by. A stomach cancer was the most common diagnosis during all periods, but its prevalence has decreased. Colon cancer ranked the 7th in 1990, but markedly increased and now ranks the second. The third was a hepatocellular carcinoma. The bile duct and gallbladder cancer, pancreas and esophageal cancer ranking followed with little interval change. In cases of cancer patients, a regular admission dramatically increased for chemotherapy. The number of patients admitted with pre-malignant neoplasm of stomach and colon increased remarkably with the development of endoscopy. The liver transplant, inflammatory bowel discase, and reflux esophagitis emerged form mid-1990s with greater frequencies, yet much below the levels found in the West. The admission rate for peptic ulcer, especially ulcer bleeding remained relatively stable, despite a decreased rate for ulcer perforation. Liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, cholelithiasis with cholecystitis-cholangitis, appendicitis, hemorrhoid and gastritis all decreased. Conclusions: The stomach cancer is the leading cause of admission, despite a recent decline. Colon cancer showed a marked rise. The liver transplant, inflammatory bowel disease and reflux esophagitis were new diagnosis with an increased tendency.

The clinical manifestations of stasis dermatitis and analysis of association with other vascular diseases

( Jeong Won Jo ),( Chang Il Kwon ),( Young Bin Shin ),( Yun Sun Moon ),( Eui Chang Jung ),( Chi Yeon Kim ),( Tae Jin Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: Stasis dermatitis is a common dermatologic disorder. It is caused by venous hypertension results from venous backward flow. However, research on the association with specific vascular disease is insufficient. Objectives: This study was intended to investigate in clinical manifestations of stasis dermatitis and analysis of association with other vascular diseases in our hospital outpatients. Methods: In this study, we investigated 37 patients with a diagnosis of stasis dermatitis in our hospital from 2014 to 2019. We reviewed clinical manifestations and relation with other vascular disease. Results: In total 37 cases, 20 (54.1%) patients were female and 17 (45.9%) patients were male. Twelve two (59.5%) patients were presented as erythema, followed by 14 (37.8%) as purpuric lesions and 11 (29.7%) as brownish changes. There were 4 (10.8%) patients showed crust, 3 (8.1%) as edema, 2 (5.4%) as scale, 2 (5.4%) as ulcer. For symptoms, 15 (40.5%) patients complained itching, 4 (10.8%) as tenderness, 3 (8.1%) as pain, 1 (2.7%). In relation with other vascular disease, 16 (43.2%) patients represented with vein related disease such as deep vein thrombosis, varicose vein and thrombophlebitis. However, there was no arterial disease such as arteriosclerosis obliterans. Conclusion: The result shows clinical manifestations of stasis dermatitis and association with other specific vascular diseases. By understanding these findings, it is expected that better treatment outcome will be obtained.