Expression of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-I (CRABP-I) in the cerebrospinal fluid of adult onset moyamoya disease and its association with clinical presentation and postoperative haemodynamic change

Jeon, Jin Sue,Ahn, Jun Hyong,Moon, Youn-joo,Cho, Won-Sang,Son, Young-Je,Kim, Seung-Ki,Wang, Kyu-Chang,Bang, Jae Seung,Kang, Hyun-Seung,Kim, Jeong Eun,Oh, Chang Wan BMJ Publishing Group Ltd 2014 Journal of neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry Vol.85 No.7

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>The elevation of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein-I (CRABP-I) has been suggested as a candidate in the pathogenesis of paediatric moyamoya disease (MMD). However, few studies have addressed CRABP-I in adult onset MMD. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of CRABP-I in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of adult onset MMD, and to evaluate its association with clinical presentation and postoperative haemodynamic change.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>This study examined the CSF from 103 patients: bilateral MMD, n=58 (56.3%); unilateral MMD, n=19 (18.4%); atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease (ACVD), n=21 (20.4%); and control group, n=5 (4.9%). The intensity of CRABP-I was confirmed by western blotting and expressed as the median (25th–75th percentile). The differences in CRABP-I expression according to disease entity (unilateral MMD vs bilateral MMD vs ACVD), initial presenting symptoms (haemorrhage vs ischaemia) and postoperative haemodynamic change (vascular reserve in single photon emission CT and basal collateral vessels in digital subtraction angiography) were analysed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>CRABP-I intensities in bilateral MMD (1.45(0.86–2.52)) were significantly higher than in unilateral MMD (0.91(0.78–1.20)) (p=0.044) or ACVD (0.85(0.66–1.11)) (p=0.004). No significant differences were noted based on the initial presenting symptoms (p=0.687). CRABP-I was not associated with improvement in vascular reserve (p=0.327), but with decrease in basal collateral vessels (p=0.023) postoperatively.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Higher CRABP-I in the CSF can be associated with typical bilateral MMD pathogenesis in adults. Additionally, postoperative basal collateral change may be related to the degree of CRABP-I expression.</P>

6-OHDA가 흰쥐 등쪽솔기핵내 도파민성 신경세포와 별아교세포에 미치는 영향

홍은석(Eun Seog Hong),남성안(Seong Ahn Nam),조승묵(Seung Mook Jo),강태천(Tae-Cheon Kang),원무호(Moo Ho Won),최창도(Chang Do Choi) 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.4

신경독성물질인 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)이 중추신경계통 내 도파민성 신경세포에 미치는 영향과 이에 따른 별아교 세포들의 반응을 형태학적으로 규명하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 흰쥐의 가쪽뇌실에 6-OHDA를 투여한 후 면역조직화학 염색을 시행하여 광학현미경 하에서 등쪽솔기핵 내 도파민성 신경세포에 나타나는 퇴행성변화와 주위 별아교세포들의 반응양상 등을 경시적으로 제 3일, 제 5일, 제10일 및 제20일에서 관찰하였던 바 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 6-OHDA에 의한 도파민성 신경세포의 퇴행성변화는 약물투여후 제 3일군에서 세포돌기가 팽대되고, 제 5일군과 제 10일군에서는 세포돌기의 소실과 함께 세포체가 위축되었고, 제20일군에서는 세포체가 소실되었다. 또한 6-OHDA에 의해 도파민성 신경세포들의 손상이 진행되면서 별아교세포들의 반응양상은 제 5일에서 대조군에 비해 급격하게 증가하였으며, 제20일에 이르러 최고값을 보였다. 이상의 결과로부터 6-OHDA가 중추신경계통 내 도파민성 신경세포들에 선택적이고 강한 세포독성을 유발하여 퇴행성 변화가 진행되고, 세포 손상이 시간 경과에 따라 진행되면서 주위의 별아교세포들이 지속적으로 증가된 활동을 보인다는 사실을 알게 되었다. This study was designed to clarify the cytotoxic effects of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on the dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), and to investigate neurodegenerative changes by immunohistochemistry. Adult male rats (Sprague-Dawley strain) weighing from 250 to 350 g were used as experimental animals. 6-OHDA (100 μg dissolved in 0.1% ascorbic acid) was injected into the lateral ventricle of the rat brain with the Hamilton syringe. The control rats were treated with the similar volume of 0.1 % ascorbic acid. The rats were sacrificed at the 3rd, 5th, 10th and 20th day, respectively, after the injection of 6-OHDA. The cytotoxicity of 6-OHDA resulted in severe neurodegeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the DRN. In the 3rd day, the dopaminergic fibers were dilated. In the 5th and 10th days, the dopaminergic fibers were depleted, and dopaminergic cell bodies were shrunken. In the 20th day, the dopaminergic cell bodies were almost completely disappeared. Astroglial reactions induced by 6-OHDA were also observed in the DRN. In the 5th day, astrocytes were significantly increased as compared with that of the control value. The value were reached at its maximum by the 20th day. Based on the present results, it suggests that 6-OHDA may act as a specific neurotoxin to dopaminergic neurons in the DRN, and induce severe neurodegenerative changes. Also, it suggests that the astroglial reaction in the DRN is gradually activated during the neurodegerative changes

뇌성마비아의 모발내 중금속 함량 분석

안경희,김희상,유창현,윤동환,홍장혁,유승돈,이준원 경희대학교 2001 慶熙醫學 Vol.17 No.1

삼출성 중이염 환자에서의 혈중 및 아데노이드 면역글로불린 E의 면역혈청학적 연구

장혁순,강성호,유창수,김성현,이병돈,박영진,윤세동,안희영,강주원 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.1

Otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the most common disease in children but its pathogenesis is not clear. In particular the role of allergy has revealed conflicting support with widely varing opinions as to its importance. Within recent years, striking biochemical and immunochemical analytic techniques have opened a new approach the study of otitis media with effusion. So we focused on distributions of IgE in adenoid tissue and serum IgE levels. Authors compared the serum IgE and the distribution of IgE in adenoid tissue between the 20 patients underwent tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy and ventilating tube insertion and control group of 11 patients underwent tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. The results were as follows; 1. In the distribution of IgE in adenoid tissue, there was a significant increase in the group of patients with OME compared to the control group (P<0.01). 2. In the analysis of serum IgE levels, the levels of IgE in the OME patients an control group were higher than normal level, although the level of IgE in the OME patients were less than that of control group, there was no significance P>0.05).

GaAs MESFET의 채널전하에 의한 전위장벽 강하특성

원창섭,안형근,한득영 건국대학교 산업기술연구원 2003 건국기술연구논문지 Vol.28 No.-

The gate leakage current is first calculated using the experimental method between gate and drain by opening source electrode. Next, the gate to drain current has been obtained with a ground source. The difference of two current has been tested and provide that the electric field that generated by channel charge effect to Schottky barrier height against the image force lowering effect.

전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

자궁탈의 임상적 고찰

김동원,노형균,안태규,최상준,송창훈,정혁 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 1999 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical aspects of prolape uteri. This clinical and statistical study was attempted to analyze 369 cases of uterine prolapse(328 cases -operated, the other cases - not operated) from Jan. 1994 to Dec. 1998 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chosun University Hospital. The results were as follows. 1. The incidences of uterine prolapse was 0.62% of the total admitted gynecologic patients during the study period. 2. Age distribution at the time of operation showed that 184 cases(25.6%) were 60 to 65 years of age, and 62 cases(18.2%) were 56 to 60 years of age. 3. Age distribution at the time of development of prolapse uteri showed that 134 cases(36.3%) were 21 to 30 years of age, 126 cases(34.1%) were 31 to 40 years of age. 4. 228 cases(61.7%) were those who had suffered from uterine prolapse for more 11 years and the mean durations were 15.6 years. 5. The degree of prolapse uteri showed that 281 cases(76.1%) were 3rd degree and 61 cases(16.5%) were 2nd degree. 6. The parity showed that 297 cases(80.2%) were over 4 times and 2 cases(0.27%) was nullipara. 7. The delivery place was at home in 318 cases(86.1%) and in hospital in 51 cases(13.9%). 8. The main symptoms comprised prolapse in 311 cases(84.2%), urinary frequency in 259 cases(70.1%), and bearing down sensation in 242 cases (65.8%). 9. An operation in 328 cases was carried out of 369 cases of prolapse uteri, 301 cases were treated by the vaginal hysterectomy with either anterior &osterior repair or posterior repair, 23 cases were treated by anterior &osterior repair. 10. The postoperative complications were urinary tract infection in 7 cases(2.1%), urinary retention in 4 cases(1.2%), vaginal vault prolapse in 2 cases(0.6%). 11. The indwelling foley catheter was kept for 7 days in 279 cases and the average postoperative hospitalization was around 9 days. 12. The postoperative pathologic findings were chronic cervicitis in 211 cases(67.8%), squamous metaplasia of the cervical gland in 98 cases(31.5%), adenomyosis in 69 cases, leiomyoma in 47 cases, and dysplasia of cervix, cervical polyp, endometrial polyp were also resulted. In conclusion, clinical features of uterine prolapse were studied. The clinical evaluation of uterine prolapse include age, parity, degree of prolapse, delivery site, age of onset, symptomatology, type of operation, complications, the results of histopathological examinations. Further study is necessary before these aspects can be implicated in the clinical evaluation of uterine prolapse.

지방 국립대학의 우수학생 유치방안에 관한 연구 : 부산대학교를 중심으로

이원호,안창규,정영홍,황해익,주철안 釜山大學校 敎育硏究所 1992 敎育硏究 Vol.2 No.1

Korean universities have developed rapidly since its liberation from hapanese rule in 1945. Korean higher education system has contributed to the socio-economic development of the country. However, Korean higher educational system has some problems. One of the problems is its unbalanced development of higher educational institutions between the capital city and other cities. Koreans traditionally regarded highly colleges and universities in the capital city. The government including private foundations have invested large resources in building colleges and universities in cities and providences had been neglected. However, colleges and universities play crucial role in the local, regional development of the country. It is important to raise academic quality of the colleges and universities in non-capital cities. The quality of colleges and universities depended primarily on faculty, finance, etc. Therefore, it is an imperative condition to recruit academically excellent students for the development of colleges and universities in non-capital cities. Three research questions have guided the research. 1) How the college entrants' academic performance has changed. 2) What colleges and universities have utilized admission policy to recruit excellent students. The research has found out the following results. 1) The academic performances of college entrants in non-capital city were lowered in the 1980s. 2) Colleges and universities have emphasized the academic excellence, which is primarily related to research and academic activities of the faculty. 3) High school students and teachers in Pusan city give local university lower rate than what it is The findings suggest that local college and university make sustained, ststematic efforts in order to develop its status among the institutions. The efforts should include short-term and long-term policies : 1) Marketing activities about scholarship programs, graduates' career prospects, facilities, and the faculty etc. 2) Hiring excellent faculty members 3) Strengthening graduates' gaining job 4) furnishing required facilities and making attractive campus 5) Upgrading the quality of academic and research activities

공 컨테이너를 고려한 컨테이너 내륙수송에서의 차량배치문제

윤원영,안창근,최용석 한국경영과학회 1999 한국경영과학회지 Vol.24 No.4

In the container transportation of inland depots the empty container is an important issue. The truck dispatching problem in this paper is considered under restriction about empty containers. When a full container arrives in a depot by truck, after unloading operation the full container is changed to an empty container. After loading operation an empty container is changed to a full container. We suggest an integrated approach to the problem of simultaneously managing empty truck and container movements. We would like to find the truck dispatching method minimizing empty truck movements and empty container movements. In this paper, a mixed integer programming model is developed to obtain the optimal truck dispatching in container transportation and heuristic is developed to give a good solution in much shorter time. The numerical examples are studied and the proposed heuristic is also compared with the result of numerical examples.

Balb/c와 DDY계 생쥐 오금림프절의 구조에 관한 형태학적 연구

이창호,이원규,허영범,김정혜,한희경 慶熙大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

This study was aimed to clarify the distribution of lymph follicles, germinal centers and deep cortex structure in the lymph nodes of the Balb/c and DDY strain mice. Male adult mice were adopted in this study. After mice were sacrifed, the fight popliteal lymph nodes were removed in the popliteal fossa and fixed in Zenker-formol solution for 3 hours and embedded in plastic resin. The cutting thickness was 3㎛ serially and one of every two section was stained in May-Gru¨nwald and Giemsa solution. The results obtained from this study were as follows; 1. The size of lymph node was 0.750 mm in Balb/c mice and 0.968mm in DDY mice. 2. The average number of lymph follicles per popliteal lymph node was 15.5 in Balb/c mice, but 16.0 in DDY mice. The major of the lymph follicles situated in peripheral cortex overlying the uint(PCOU) in Balb/c. 3. The most transverse diameters of each strain lymph follicles was between 0.01 to 0.19mm. 4. The characteristic difference was number of germinal centers, DDY mice lymph follicles contained germinal centers in 13.25/lymph node, but Balb/c mice lymph follicles contained it in 5.75/node. 5. The morphology of deep cortex was not significant between each strain.