노인운동의 변화단계에 따른 의사결정 균형에 대한 연구

김소인,전영자,박은숙,김순용,장성옥,이평숙,이숙자 성인간호학회 2000 성인간호학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose : This study was carried out to identify the factor of decisional balance for exercise. This was composed of a set of variables at the level of decision making when the elderly decide to do exercise. It was used to classify and identify the characteristics of the stages of change for exercise to which the elderly belong, and was used to identify the variables of decisional balance which influence the stage of change for exercise in the elderly. Methods : Convenient samples of 198 subjects over age 60 in Seoul(mean age=70) were selected from community living, mentally competent older adults and the data was collected from April 1, 1999 to May 31, 1999. The research instrument was the Decisional Balance Measure for Exercise(Marcus & Owen., 1992), Stage of Change Measure(Marcus et al, 1992). The data was analyzed by SAS Program. Results: 1. According to stage of change measure, without missing data, 191 subjects were distributed in each stage of change for exercise : 50 subjects(26.1%), 7 subjects(3.6%), 52 subjects(27.2%), 4 subjects(2%), and 78 subjects(40.8%) belonged to the pre-contemplation stage, contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage and maintenance stage. 2. Factor analysis identified 3 factors of decisional balance as appropriate factors for excise of the elderly and named by researchers; 1)'Perceived Physical-psychological benefit', 2)'Perceived Physical-psychological burden', and 3)'Perceived time burden'. 3. The analysis of variance showed that the two components Perceived Physical - psychological benefit(F=45.95, p=.0001), and Perceived Physical-psychological burden(F=26.52, P=.001) were significantly associated with stage of change. 4. Through the discriminant analysis, it was found that both 'Self Perceived Physical-Psychological benefit' and 'Perceived Physical-Psychological burden' were the influential variables in discriminating the three stages of change(pre-contemplation, preparation, and maintenance). Conclusion: Results are consistent with the application of the Transtheoretical model, which has been used to understand how people change health behaviors. Even though this study is a cross-sectional, not a longitudinal study, the findings of this study give useful information for exercise intervention about especially the factors relating to decision making for exercise of the elderly in the different stages of change of exercise.

제대동정맥 ECMO를 적용한 염소태아의 혈액가스 및 혈류역학 변화

송창훈(Chang Hun Song),소금영(Geum Young So),이국현(Kook Hyun Lee),박석천(Sok Cheon Pak) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.9

N/A Objectives : The purpose of this study is to establish animal model of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system that uses membreane type oxygenator and circulation circuit of umbilical artery and vein. Blood gas and hemodynamic changes in the fetal goat undergoing ECMO were also evaluated. Methods : Total 15 pregnant goat had been used to perform extrauterine fetal incubation using ECMO through umbilical artery and vein. Cesarean-section was performed to pregnant goat (35 kg) of 120-130 days of gestation to insert catheters (8 Fr) into the umbilical artery and vein. The tip of inserted catheter's the other end was connected with the circuit system including membrane type oxygenator (Polystan) and roller pump. A total of 300 ml of blood was drawn from donor nonpregnant goat and primed into circuit on the day of surgery. The goat fetus was immersed in a chamber filled with artificial amniotic fluid to monitor blood flow dynamics and blood gas was analyzed. Results : The ECMO system using umbilical cord in the extrauterine incubation of fetal goat was developed and maximum survival of goat fetus was 34.5 hrs (mean survival was 856.6±688 min). Oxygen tension (PO2) in umbilical artery and vein were 20.53±2.54 mmHg, 31.03±13.03 mmHg and oxygen saturation (SO2) in umbilical artery and vein were 46.61±18.14 mmHg, 71.56±15.39 mmHg. Mean blood flow was 176±62 ml/min/kg. Conclusion : We suggest that our experimental model as an extrauterine fetal research could be a reasonable method in future advanced studies. However, longterm survival of extrauterine fetus needs more suitable hemodynamic and blood gas condition supported by further researches.

흉부 X선촬영 기술의 변천에 관한 연구

이창엽,조평곤,김지닐,최소영,김창균,최종학,김정민,김유현 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2002 保健科學論集 Vol.28 No.2

To find elements which enable improving Quality of image of chest radiography, we attempted to make comparison between chest radiography used currently with that of the past, and following conclusion was reached: 1) It could be confirmed that a dependance on chest radiography was declining, because proportion of chest radiography against overall radiography decreased. 2) There was a change of kVp to a high voltage in a chest radiography, and use of high kVp became a generalization 3) Exposure time was reduced and exposure dose was curtailed accordingly. 4) Apparatus was mainly comprised of 3-phase rectifier circuit and inverter type. 5) It could be confirmed that frequency of applying additional filters for high kVp radiography was insufficient. 6) There was almost no difference in the condition of exposure between hospitals using film/screen and hospitals using CR. But when CR is used for radiography, it was increase in exposure dose due to increase in tube current and it will be necessary to have continuous study on exposure dose by an increase use of CR in the future.

Minimize makespan of permutation flowshop using pointer network

Cho Young In,Nam So Hyun,Cho Ki Young,Yoon Hee Chang,Woo Jong Hun 한국CDE학회 2022 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.9 No.1

During the shipbuilding process, a block assembly line suffers a bottleneck when the largest amount of material is processed. Therefore, scheduling optimization is important for the productivity. Currently, sequence of inbound products is controlled by determining the input sequence using a heuristic or metaheuristic approach. However, the metaheuristic algorithm has limitations in that the computation time increases exponentially as the number of input objects increases, and separate optimization calculations are required for every problem. Also, the heuristic such as dispatching algorithm has the limitation of the exploring the problem domain. Therefore, this study tries a reinforcement learning algorithm based on a pointer network to overcome these limitations. Reinforcement learning with pointer network is found to be suitable for permutation flowshop problem, including input-order optimization. A trained neural network is applied without re-learning, even if the number of inputs is changed. The trained model shows the meaningful results compared with the heuristic and metaheuristic algorithms in makespan and computation time. The trained model outperforms the heuristic and metaheuristic algorithms within a limited range of permutation flowshop problem.

인삼 투여가 정신지체아의 GPX와 MDA에 미치는 영향

이소영,장석암,김창환,권광선 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of antioxidant enzyme(GPX) and lipid peroxide (MDA) by ginseng supplementation for nine weeks. Choosing as objects of test women mental retardation, this study analyzed the blood obtained from the objects who were in a rest, immediately and 30 minutes after maximal exercise. The comclusions obtained from this study were as follow. 1. In the tendency of whole activation of GPX, ginseng supplemintation group showed more GPX activation than placebo group. 2. In the change of GPX activation according to the passage of exercise time, there was no difference between each group before and after supplementation for nine weeks. 3. In the change of GPX activation according to (before and after) supplementation, there was no significant difference between each group at a rest, immediately and 30 minutes after maximal exercise. 4. In the change of MDA concentration according to the passage of exercise time, there was no difference between each group before and after supplemintation for nine weeks. 5. In the change of MDA concentration according to (before and after) supplementation there was o significant difference between each group at a rest, immediately and 30 minutes after maximal exercise.

Comparison of changes in retentive force of three stud attachments for implant overdentures

Su-Min Kim,Jae-Won Choi,Young-Chan Jeon,Chang-Mo Jeong,Mi-Jung Yun,So-Hyoun Lee,Jung-Bo Huh 대한치과보철학회 2015 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.7 No.4

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the changes in retentive force of stud attachments for implant overdentures by in vitro 2-year-wear simulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three commercially available attachment systems were investigated: Kerator blue, O-ring red, and EZ lock. Two implant fixtures were embedded in parallel in each custom base mounting. Five pairs of each attachment system were tested. A universal testing machine was used to measure the retentive force during 2500 insertion and removal cycles. Surface changes on the components were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Pairwise comparison, was used to compare the retentive force between the groups, and to determine groups that were significantly different (α<.05). RESULTS A comparison of the initial retentive force revealed the highest value for Kerator, followed by the O-ring and EZ lock attachments. However, no significant difference was detected between Kerator and O-ring (P>.05). After 2500 insertion and removal cycles, the highest retention loss was recorded for O-ring, and no significant difference between Kerator and EZ lock (P>.05). Also, Kerator showed the highest retentive force, followed by EZ lock and O-ring, after 2500 cycles (P<.05). Based on SEM analysis, the polymeric components in O-ring and Kerator were observed to exhibit surface wear and deformation. CONCLUSION After 2500 insertion and removal cycles, all attachments exhibited significant loss in retention. Mechanism of retention loss can only be partially explained by surface changes.

Five 2030 Scenarios for the Family and Related Policy Implications

Hye-kyung Chang,Eun-ji Kim,Young-ran Kim,So-young Kim,Bo-young Sun 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2014 Gender Studies and Policy Review Vol.7 No.-

This research has been designed as the second-year project of the four-year Special Research (2011-2014) effort. The main purpose of this current project is to develop potential scenarios regarding families of the future by predicting directions of change. In order to elaborate these scenarios, the five areas of demographic environment, labor and economic environment, science and technology, political environment, and perceptions of the family were singled out as major areas affecting the outlook on the future family. Next, the Delphi technique was applied in order to identify key drivers behind future changes in the family for each respective area. Next, the trend in changes was forecasted for each area and hypotheses were crafted regarding the impact of these changes on the lives of women and their families. Caretaking, inequality, and family values were selected as the main axes of the scenarios, based on a combination of the hypotheses. Next, the three axes were juxtaposed, resulting in a total of eight scenarios from which five were selected. These five scenarios include the conflict between personal values and family life scenario, the polarization of family life scenario, the loose but intimate family scenario, the coexistence of equal society and unequal family scenario, and the maximized familial burden scenario. According to a nation-wide survey of 5,000 people regarding these five scenarios, the loose but intimate family scenario was identified as the most preferred. In order for South Korea to progress toward this scenario, this research suggests reinforcement of social security policy, evaluation of overall care policy and future directions, and refinement of laws and institutions in accordance with the strengthening perception of an individual-oriented family.

Comparison of changes in retentive force of three stud attachments for implant overdentures

Kim, Su-Min,Choi, Jae-Won,Jeon, Young-Chan,Jeong, Chang-Mo,Yun, Mi-Jung,Lee, So-Hyoun,Huh, Jung-Bo The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2015 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.7 No.4

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to compare the changes in retentive force of stud attachments for implant overdentures by in vitro 2-year-wear simulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three commercially available attachment systems were investigated: Kerator blue, O-ring red, and EZ lock. Two implant fixtures were embedded in parallel in each custom base mounting. Five pairs of each attachment system were tested. A universal testing machine was used to measure the retentive force during 2500 insertion and removal cycles. Surface changes on the components were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Pairwise comparison, was used to compare the retentive force between the groups, and to determine groups that were significantly different (${\alpha}$<.05). RESULTS. A comparison of the initial retentive force revealed the highest value for Kerator, followed by the O-ring and EZ lock attachments. However, no significant difference was detected between Kerator and O-ring (P>.05). After 2500 insertion and removal cycles, the highest retention loss was recorded for O-ring, and no significant difference between Kerator and EZ lock (P>.05). Also, Kerator showed the highest retentive force, followed by EZ lock and O-ring, after 2500 cycles (P<.05). Based on SEM analysis, the polymeric components in O-ring and Kerator were observed to exhibit surface wear and deformation. CONCLUSION. After 2500 insertion and removal cycles, all attachments exhibited significant loss in retention. Mechanism of retention loss can only be partially explained by surface changes.

급성 췌장염으로 발현된 낭성 변화를 이릉킨 종격동 부갑상선 선종 1예

이준호,최영식,박진홍,허갑도,윤설영,최소진,권태헌,이창렬,손성표,박영효 대한내분비학회 1998 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.13 No.3

Hypercalcemia due to hyperparathyroidism is rarely associated with acute pancreatitis. But, the relationship between hypercalcemia and pancreatitis still remains controvesial. Ectopic parathyroid adenoma with cystic change is one of the rare causes of hyperparathyroidism, and is usually located in neck and mediastinum. We report a case of mediastinal parathyroid adenoma with cystic change associated with acute pancreatitis. A 54-year-old male presented with epigastric pain for 3 days. The serum calcium, phosphate, elastase were 16.8mg/dL, 1.1 mg/dL, 2772.0 ng/mL respectively and his parathyroid hormone level in serum was 651.84 pg/mL. Chest CT showed a mediastinal mass with well defined inhomogenously enhanced density located between SVC and aorta. The patient was diagnosed to hyperparathyroidism with acute pancreatitis due to mediastinal parathyroid adenoma with cystic change, and was surgically removed. The surgical biopsy showed parathyroid adenoma with cystic change. After operation his general condition was improved and serum calcium, phosphate, amylase, lipase level were normalized (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 13:473-479, 1998).

Effect of epidural corticosteroid injection on magnetic resonance imaging findings

( Min Soo Kim ),( Tae Yoon Jeong ),( Yu Seon Cheong ),( Young Wook Jeon ),( So Young Lim ),( Seong Sik Kang ),( In Nam Kim ),( Tsong Bin Chang ),( Hyun Ho Seong ),( Byeong Mun Hwang ) 대한통증학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.30 No.4

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spine is the preferred diagnostic tool for pathologic conditions affecting the spine. However, in patients receiving epidural corticosteroid injection (ESI) for treatment of spinal diseases, there is a possibility of misreading of MR images because of air or fluid in the epidural space after the injection. Therefore, we defined the characteristics of abnormal changes in MRI findings following an ESI in patients with low back pain. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 133 patients who underwent MRI of the lumbar spine within 7 days after ESI between 2006 and 2015.All patients were administered an ESI using a 22-gauge Tuohy needle at the lumbar spine through the interlaminar approach. The epidural space was identified by the loss of resistance technique with air. Results: The incidences of abnormal changes in MRI findings because of ESI were 54%, 31%, and 25% in patients who underwent MRI at approximately 24 h, and 2 and 3 days after ESI, respectively. Abnormal MRI findings included epidural air or fluid, needle tracks, and soft tissue changes. Epidural air, the most frequent abnormal finding (82%), was observed in 41% of patients who underwent MRI within 3 days after injection. Abnormal findings due to an ESI were not observed in MR images acquired 4 days after ESI or later. Conclusions: Pain physicians should consider the possibility of abnormal findings in MR images acquired after epidural injection using the interlaminar approach and the loss of resistance technique with air at the lumbar spine. (Korean J Pain 2017; 30: 281-6)