Original Article : Lipoic Acid Prevents the Changes of Intracellular Lipid Partitioning by Free Fatty Acid

( Dong Chan Kim ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Eun Chul Jang ),( Sang Heum Kim ),( Eun Kyung Kim ),( Sang Pyo Lee ),( Kang Nyeong Lee ),( Hang Lak Lee ),( Oh Young Lee ),( Byung Chul Yoon ),( Ho Soon Choi ) 대한간학회 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.2

Background/Aims: It is suggested that the hepatic lipid composition is more important than lipid quantity in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. We examined whether lipoic acid (LA) could alter intrahepatic lipid composition and free cholesterol distribution. Methods: HepG2 cells were cultured with palmitic acid (PA) with and without LA. Apoptosis, changes of the mitochondrial structure, intracellular lipid partitioning, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity were measured. Results: Free fatty acid (FA) increased apoptosis, and LA co-treatment prevented this lipotoxicity (apoptosis in controls vs PA vs PA+LA, 0.5% vs 19.5% vs 1.6%, p<0.05). LA also restored the intracellular mitochondrial DNA copy number (553±33.8 copies vs 291±14.55 copies vs 421±21.05 copies, p<0.05) and reversed the morphological changes induced by PA. In addition, ROS was increased in response to PA and was decreased in response to LA co-treatment (41,382 relative fluorescence unit [RFU] vs 43,646 RFU vs 41,935 RFU, p<0.05). LA co-treatment increased the monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA concentrations and decreased the total saturated FA fraction. It also prevented the movement of intracellular free cholesterol from the cell membrane to the cytoplasm. Conclusions: LA opposes free FA-generated lipotoxicity by altering the intracellular lipid composition and free cholesterol distribution. (Gut Liver 2013;7:221-227)

HCV, Alcoholic : O-019 ; Lipoic acid prevents the changes of intracellular lipid partitioning by free fatty acid

( Dong Chan Kim ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Tae Yeob Kim ),( Joo Hyun Sohn ),( Sang Pyo Lee ),( Kang Nyeong Lee ),( Hang Lak Lee ),( Oh Young Lee ),( Byung Chul Yoon ),( Ho Soon Choi ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1

Background: Recently, the composition of lipid in liver is more important than the total amount of lipid in NAFLD. Methods: To evaluate the effect of lipoic acid (LA) on lipotoxicity and on the intracellular lipid partitioning, HepG2 was cultured with palmitic acid (PA) or LA. We used TUNEL assay for apoptosis, mitochondrial DNA copy number for mitochondrial function, electromicroscopy for the structure of the mitochondria, fluorescent microscope for the ROS activity, gaschromatography for lipid partitioning. Results: PA significantly increased apoptosis of the cell line (0.5% vs. 19.5%, p<0.05), and LA significantly suppressed apoptosis (19.5% vs. 1.6%, p<0.05). The number of mitochondrial DNA copy was decreased in PA group, and recovered after adding LA (Control: PA: PA+LA= 553± 33.8: 291±14.55: 421±21.05 copies). Electromicroscopy showed significant difference between the groups. ROS activity was significantly increased in the PA group, and decreased in LA group (4180 vs. 4350 vs. 4220 relative fluorescence unit respectively, p<0.05). LA decreased the proportion of saturated fatty acid and increased the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid. Free cholesterol was showed on the cell membrane in LA group. But in PA group, they located in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. Conclusions: LA prevented FFA-induced hepatic lipotoxicity via reversal intracellular lipid composition.

Efficacy and Safety of Tiropramide in the Treatment of Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome; A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Non-inferiority Trial, Compared With Octylonium

( Kang Nyeong Lee ),( Oh Young Lee ),( Myung-Gyu Choi ),( Chong Il Sohn ),( Kyu Chan Huh ),( Kyung Sik Park ),( Joong Goo Kwon ),( Nayoung Kim ),( Poong-Lyul Rhee ),( Seung-Jae Myung ),( Joon Seong Le 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2014 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.20 No.1

Background/Aims Antispasmodics such as octylonium are widely used to manage irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. However, the efficacy and safety of another antispasmodic, tiropramide, remain uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tiropramide compared with octylonium in patients with IBS. Methods In this multicenter, randomized, non-inferiority trial, 287 patients with IBS (143 receiving tiropramide and 144 octylonium) were randomly allocated to either tiropramide 100 mg or octylonium 20 mg t.i.d (means 3 times a day) for 4 weeks. Primary endpoint was the mean change of abdominal pain from baseline assessed by visual analogue scales (VAS) score after 4 weeks of treatment. Secondary endpoints were the changes in abdominal pain from baseline at week 2 and in abdominal discomfort at weeks 2 and 4, using VAS scores, patient-reported symptom improvement including stool frequency and consistency, using symptom diaries, IBS-quality of life (IBS-QoL), and depression and anxiety, at week 4. Results The VAS scores of abdominal pain at week 4, were significantly decreased in both tiropramide and octylonium groups, but the change from baseline did not differ between the 2 groups (difference, -0.26 mm; 95% CI, -4.33-3.82; P = 0.901). Abdominal pain and discomfort assessed using VAS scores, diaries, and IBS-QoL were also improved by both treatments, and the changes from baseline did not differ. The incidence of adverse events was similar in the 2 groups, and no severe adverse events involving either drug were observed. Conclusions Tiropramide is as effective as octylonium in managing abdominal pain in IBS, with a similar safety profile. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014;20:113-121)

HCV, Alcoholic : O-019 ; Lipoic acid prevents the changes of intracellular lipid partitioning by free fatty acid

( Dong Chan Kim ),( Dae Won Jun ),( Tae Yeob Kim ),( Joo Hyun Sohn ),( Sang Pyo Lee ),( Kang Nyeong Lee ),( Hang Lak Lee ),( Oh Young Lee ),( Byung Chul Yoon ),( Ho Soon Choi ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-

Background: Recently, the composition of lipid in liver is more important than the total amount of lipid in NAFLD. Methods: To evaluate the effect of lipoic acid (LA) on lipotoxicity and on the intracellular lipid partitioning, HepG2 was cultured with palmitic acid (PA) or LA. We used TUNEL assay for apoptosis, mitochondrial DNA copy number for mitochondrial function, electromicroscopy for the structure of the mitochondria, fluorescent microscope for the ROS activity, gaschromatography for lipid partitioning. Results: PA significantly increased apoptosis of the cell line (0.5% vs. 19.5%, p<0.05), and LA significantly suppressed apoptosis (19.5% vs. 1.6%, p<0.05). The number of mitochondrial DNA copy was decreased in PA group, and recovered after adding LA (Control: PA: PA+LA= 553± 33.8: 291±14.55: 421±21.05 copies). Electromicroscopy showed significant difference between the groups. ROS activity was significantly increased in the PA group, and decreased in LA group (4180 vs. 4350 vs. 4220 relative fluorescence unit respectively, p<0.05). LA decreased the proportion of saturated fatty acid and increased the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid. Free cholesterol was showed on the cell membrane in LA group. But in PA group, they located in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. Conclusions: LA prevented FFA-induced hepatic lipotoxicity via reversal intracellular lipid composition.

The Pathologic Confirmation in Subepithelial Tumors

Kwan Hong Lee,Chan Kyoo Yoo,Hang Lak Lee,Kang Nyeong Lee,Dae Won Jun,Oh Young Lee,Dong Soo Han,Byung Chul Yoon,Ho Soon Choi,Jai Hoon Yoon 대한상부위장관ㆍ헬리코박터학회 2021 Korean Journal of Helicobacter Upper Gastrointesti Vol.21 No.3

Background/Aims: Subepithelial tumors (SETs) are small, mostly asymptomatic lesions with normal overlying mucosa, usually identified incidentally on endoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathologic diagnosis of SETs, and to assess the diagnostic yield and impact of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) biopsy on the management of patients with SETs. Materials and Methods: We included 52 subepithelial lesions in this study during the study period. Inclusion criteria included size of the SET >2 cm, and a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) that cannot be excluded using EUS. We performed an endoscopic biopsy of each SET using the ESD technique. Results: The mean diameter of the lesions was 24.15±6.0 mm. The diagnostic yield of this method was 96.15%. Among the 52 participants, 45 were located in the stomach, four in the esophagus, and three in the duodenum. The pathologic diagnoses included: 17 leiomyomas, 13 GISTs, 11 ectopic pancreases, two carcinomas, two inflammatory fibroid polyps, two Brunner’s gland hyperplasia, two lipomas, one glomus tumor, and two remained undiagnosed. The mean duration of the procedure was 13.44±2.41 minutes. Three complications were associated with the procedure. Conclusions: Deep biopsy via ESD is useful in determining the histopathologic nature of SETs. This method minimizes the need for unnecessary surgery in benign SETs.

A Case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Presented as Rapid Progressive Parkinsonism

Yoonah Park,Chan-Nyeong Lee 대한치매학회 2019 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.18 No.4

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장관의 골수성 육종 1예

임성원 ( Sung Won Lim ),이항락 ( Hang Lak Lee ),이강녕 ( Kang Nyeong Lee ),전대원 ( Dae Won Jun ),김인영 ( In Young Kim ),김은진 ( Eunjin Kim ),안혜인 ( Hyein Ahn ),박찬금 ( Chan Kum Park ) 대한소화기학회 2016 대한소화기학회지 Vol.68 No.3

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary involvement of immature myeloid proliferation. An isolated MS is defined as a myeloblastic tumor when it arises without any concomitant circulating disease. A diagnosis of MS is established using pathologic features including infiltration of myeloblasts and strong myeloperoxidase expression with negative cytokeratin immunohistochemical staining. We report a rare case of colonic MS without any peripheral blood abnormality. If the affected patient were left untreated, the MS could evolve into acute myeloid leukemia (AML) within one year. Several studies recommend the same regimens of chemotherapy as used for circulating AML to treat isolated MS. We focused on the diagnosis of MS in this study. The correct diagnosis of MS is important for adequate treatment. In conclusion, MS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intestinal tumor. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2016;68:148-151)

자기부상철도 레일이음매 개선방안에 대한 연구

박성현(Sung-Hyun Park),천진녕(Jin-Nyeong Cheon),범용원(Yong-Won Beom),이창진(Chang-Jin Lee),홍희석(Hee-Seok Hong),이승찬(Seung-Chan Lee) 한국철도학회 2014 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

현재 자기부상철도 실용화 사업으로 인천공항시범노선에 적용된 레일이음매는 그 형상이 일본의 리니모에 적용된 레일유간장치와 유사하며, 그 기능은 레일과 교량의 신축변위에 대한 궤도구조의 안전성 확보 및 차량분야에서 요구하고 있는 연속적인 갭센서 대향면 형성으로 열차주행 안정성을 확보하는 기능적 특징을 보이고 있다. 그러나 시범노선에 적용된 레일이음매의 경우 신축허용량을 최대 80mm로 제한하고 있으며, 이에 따른 상부구조의 연속화를 통한 구조물 슬림화에 많은 제약이 발생된다. 따라서 본 연구는 레일 및 교량 단부에서 발생되는 신축 허용량이 80mm 이상 발생시 신축에 대한 궤도 안전성은 물론 열차주행 안정성에 문제가 없는 레일이음매의 형식과 형상을 제안하고자 하며, 유한요소해석(FEM)을 통한 구조적 안정성에 대해 검증하였다. Rail expansion joint applied to the IIA"s demonstration line has similar feature to the shape that is rail expansion joint of the Japan"s LINIMO, It can secure running-stability of train as the formation of opposite surface of continuous gap sensor, and ensure track structure stability about displacement by expansion-contraction of bridge. However, the rail expansion joint has limitations to slim structure through the continuous of superstructure because the maximum displacement is limited to 80mm. Therefore, this study propose a shape of rail expansion joint which can secure the stability when expansion or contraction at bridge deck ends and rail ends occurred more than 80mm, and the structural stability was verified through the finite-element method analysis.

도시형자기부상철도 선로설계기준 개선방안에 대한 연구

박성현(Sung-Hyun Park),천진녕(Jin-Nyeong Cheon),범용원(Yong-Won Beom),이창진(Chang-Jin Lee),이승찬(Seung-Chan Lee) 한국철도학회 2014 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

도시형 자기부상철도는 철제 및 고무차륜 철도시스템과 열차의 주행 및 안내방식이 서로 상이하다. 자기부상철도는 차륜과 레일의 비접촉에 기인한 소음·진동 저감효과가 우수한 친환경적 철도시스템이며, 궤도재료에 대한 유지보수가 상대적으로 적어 타 경량전철시스템과 견주어 환경성 및 유지보수 측면에서 우수성을 지니고 있다. 현재 자기부상철도 실용화 사업과 관련한 연구사업은 대전과학관 노선을 시점으로 하여 인천공항 시범노선의 개통을 앞두고 있으며, 향후 상용화 추진을 위해 선로 및 시설물의 최적화와 관련한 연구사업이 진행 중에 있다. 선로구조물은 자기부상철도 전체 사업비의 약 40~60% 차지하고 있어, 자기부상철도 상용화를 위해서는 타 경전철 시스템과 대비하여 안전성과 경제성이 확보된 선로구조물 최적화 방안이 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문은 자기부상철도 상용화를 위한 경쟁력 확보방안으로 차량제원 및 인천시범노선 성능평가에 근거한 자기부상철도의 선로설계기준 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. Urban maglev system is a method of propulsion that uses magnetic levitation to propel vehicle with magnets, rather than with wheel, axles and bearing. Maglev trains move more quietly smooth than wheeled mass transit systems without any wheels contacting the rail surfaces. This system offers many attractive benefits, including the ability to operate with steep grades and tight turns, low maintenance and noise, environment friendly. Thus, urban maglev is considered competitive with light railway transit. It is necessary to reduce the cost of Maglev guideway system through that improving the urban Maglev demonstration line in Incheon International Airports. In this paper, in order to optimize the Maglev guideway transit, track design criteria based on quantitative analysis of general design criteria is proposed.

Sensory electrical stimulation for suppression of postural tremor in patients with essential tremor.

Heo, Jae-Hoon,Kim, Ji-Won,Kwon, Yuri,Lee, Sang-Ki,Eom, Gwang-Moon,Kwon, Do-Young,Lee, Chan-Nyeong,Park, Kun-Woo,Manto, Mario Pergamon Press 2015 Bio-medical materials and engineering Vol.26 No.1

<P>Essential tremor is an involuntary trembling of body limbs in people without tremor-related disease. In previous study, suppression of tremor by sensory electrical stimulation was confirmed on the index finger. This study investigates the effect of sensory stimulation on multiple segments and joints of the upper limb. It denotes the observation regarding the effect's continuity after halting the stimulation. 18 patients with essential tremor (8 men and 10 women) participated in this study. The task, 'arms stretched forward', was performed and sensory electrical stimulation was applied on four muscles of the upper limb (Flexor Carpi Radialis, Extensor Carpi Radialis, Biceps Brachii, and Triceps Brachii) for 15 seconds. Three 3-D gyro sensors were used to measure the angular velocities of segments (finger, hand, and forearm) and joints (metacarpophalangeal and wrist joints) for three phases of pre-stimulation (Pre), during-stimulation (On), and 5 minute post-stimulation (P5). Three characteristic variables of root-mean-squared angular velocity, peak power, and peak power frequency were derived from the vector sum of the sensor signals. At On phase, RMS velocity was reduced from Pre in all segments and joints while peak power was reduced from Pre in all segments and joints except for forearm segment. Sensory stimulation showed no effect on peak power frequency. All variables at P5 were similar to those at On at all segments and joints. The decrease of peak power of the index finger was noted by 90% during stimulation from that of On phase, which was maintained even after 5 min. The results indicate that sensory stimulation may be an effective clinical method to treat the essential tremor.</P>