(3-Nitropyridyl)diphenyl phosphate: A Reactive Condensing Agenent for β-Lactam Formation

채규윤,이영행 圓光大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.26 No.2

베타-락탐 고리화 반응을 위한 카르복시기 활성화 시약인 (3-nitropyridyl)diphenyl phosphate(3-NDP)을 diphenyl chlorophosphate, 2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine 그리고 triethylamine을 methylene chloride 용액에서 반응시켜 얻었다. 3-NDP는 비교적 안정한 고체이고 반응후 부신물의 제거가 용이하므로 베타-아미노산 유도체의 N-C₂분자내 고리화 반응을 위한 카르복시기 활성화시약으로 사용하였다. A reactive condensing agent, (3-nitropyridyl)diphenyl phosphate (3-NDP), was readily prepared by the reaction 2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine with diphenyl chlorophosphate in the presence of triethylamine. 3-NDP was found to be very useful for β-Lactams formation from amino acids in high yield, It is easily handled because 3-NDP is solid having some degree stability. Furthermore, 2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine, a reaction byproduct, is readily removed from the reaction products by washing the reaction mixture with 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate.

아날로그 乘算器의 構成에 關한 硏究

文彩柱,張永學,朴奎南 順天大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

三角波 發生器를 따로 構成하여야 하는 번거로움을 없애고 더욱 간단해진 時分解方式의 아날로그 乘算器를 設計했으며, 이 乘算器는 x入力값의 變化에 따른 出力값이 즉시 安定化된 狀態를 얻을 수 있다. 實驗結果 이 아날로그 乘算器의 실제 값들이 잘 一致함을 알 수 있었으며, 앞으로 더욱 正確하고 速度가 빠른 아날로그 乘算器가 硏究되어야 할 것으로 생각한다. The modification of time-division multipliers has been investigated with respect to their fabrication and response to input. This paper proposed a new type of four-quadrant analog multiplier, which does not require a triangular-wave generator compared to the old type of multipliers and thus it is quite simple. A new type multiplier immediately acquires the steady state when one particular signal changes from one value to another. Experimental results closely agree with the theoritical values.

마이크로 프로세서에 의한 多重채널 데이터 側定에 관한 硏究

朴奎南,張永學,文彩柱 순천대학교 공업기술연구소 1987 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Data acquisition of fast time­varying phenomena is relevant to voltage measurement such as speed retrieval of data for analysis, number of channels, etc. To overcome these limitation, a software­based high speed Multichannel Data Acquisition system has been designed and developed. The prototype hardware assembly consists of R6502 microprocessor, 8 bit A/D converter with 8 channel analog multiplexer and related interface circuitry. The data are stored in 32k byte DRAM memory and the stored data are retrieved by a low speed system clock through a digital­to­analog converter onto an X­Y recorder.

새로운 축합시약을 이용한 아미드 합성법

鄭起源,蔡奎允,李英行 圓光大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.27 No.2

새로운 축합시약인 (3-nitropyridyl) dialkyl phosphate (3a,3b)를 2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine (1), dialkyl chlorophosphate (2a,2b) 그리고 triethylamine을 dichloromethane 용액중에서 1시간동안 상온에서 반응시켜 쉽게 얻을 수 있었다. 축합시약인 3a와 3b는 온화한 반응 조건에서 아미드와 디펩티드를 합성하는데 있어서 유용한 시약임을 알 수 있었다. A new coupling reagents,(3-nitropyridyl) diallkyl phosphate (3a,3b), were readily prepared by the reaction of 2-hydroxy-3-nitropyridine (1), dialkyl chlorophosphate (2a,2b), and triethylamine in dichloromethane at room temperature for 1h. The coupling reagents, 3a and 3b, were found to be very useful for the preparation of amides and dipeptides under mild conditions.

정신분열병과 N-Methyl-D-Aspartate 수용체 유전자와 연관된 VNTR 표지자인 D9S158 다형성의 연합

김종원,채영규,정은기,김길숙,박강규,이영호,최인근,양병환,한진희 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

정신분열병과 NMDA 수용체와 연관된 D9S158 유전적 표지자와의 연관성을 알아보기 위해 75명의 정신분열병 환자군과 87명의 정상대조군을 대상으로 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용하여 연합연구를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. D9S158 유전좌위에는 모두 8개의 대립유전자가 있었고, 각 대립유전자는 cytosine-adenine염기가 반복되는 217염기쌍에서 233염기쌍의 형태였다. 먼저 정신분열병 환자와 정상대조군의 대립유전자의 빈도를 비교해 본 결과 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p〉.05). 환자군을 좀 더 동질적으로 만들기 위해 정신분열병의 가족력 유무, 음성 및 양성증상, 연성신경학적 징후, DSM-IV 임상아형에 따라 환자군을 나누어 대립유전자의 빈도를 비교해 본 결과, 특정 임상양상과 관련이 있는 대립유전자를 발견하지 못하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서는 D9S158 유전좌위와 정신분열병의 연관성을 입증하지 못하였으나 NMDA 수용체 유전자주위의 다른 표지자나 좀 더 유전적으로 동질한 환자군을 대상으로 한 추후연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. An association study with Korean schizophrenic patients(N=75) and normal controls(N=87) was performed to find the relationship between D9S158 polymorphism and schizophrenia using polymerase chain reaction. Eight different alleles of a dinucleotide polymorphism on D9S158 locus were observed in both group. When we compared the frequencies of alleles between schizophrenics and normal controls, there was no significant difference between two groups. To increase homogeneity of schizophrenic group, we divided schizophrenic group by clinical phenotypes such as family history, negative and positive symptoms(PANSS), soft neurologic signs(NES-K) and DSM-IV diagnostic subtypes. Then we compared the frequencies of alleles among subgroups of clinical phenotypes, and there were no significant differences between subgroups(p〉.05). Although our findings fail to provide an evidence of association between schizophrenia and D9S158 locus, further investigation of other loci that are linked to NMDA receptor gene may be needed in genetically homogeneous subgroups of schizophrenia.

β-Fluoro-α-phenylpyrrole 유도체의 합성에 관한 연구

郭炅喆,吳賢哲,鄭悳商,李英行,白承和,金鍾洙,蔡奎允 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2001 基礎科學硏究 Vol.14 No.2

플루오르가 선택적으로 치환된 유기화합물은 모체 화합물 보다 향상된 생리활성을 지니는 경우가 많이 보고 된바 있다. 이는 할로젠족 원소인 플루오르의 큰 전기음성도 때문에 비교적 강한 탄소플루오르 결합 형성 및 증가된 리피드 용해도 때문이다. Pyrrole과 그의 유도체들은 폴리머, 의약품 그리고 염료 등에 광범위하게 사용되어 왔고 오래 전부터 잘 알려진 화합물이다. 최근 자연계에서 산출되거나 합성 가능한 플루오르가 선택적으로 치환된 fluoropyrrole 유도체들은 진통제, 소염제 및 살균제 등으로 다양하게 이용될 수 있음이 알려져 있기 때문에 fluoropyrrole 유도체의 합성에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 일반적으로 플루오르는 반응성이 매우 커서 유기화합물에 대한 선택적인 플루오르기의 도입이 극히 제한적이다.

Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes of 38 cases of primary thyroid ymphoma

Young Jun Chai,Jun Hyun Hong,Do Hoon Koo,Hyeong Won Yu,Joon-Hyop Lee,Hyungju Kwon,Su-jin Kim,June Young Choi,Kyu Eun Lee 대한외과학회 2015 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.89 No.6

Purpose: Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare disease and it has been investigated in a limited number of studies. The present multicenter study evaluated the clinical features and treatment outcomes of PTL. Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with PTL between 2000 and 2013 in three centers were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The study included 11 men and 27 women with a median age of 63.3 years (range, 42–83 years). The median follow-up was 56.0 months (range, 3–156 months). Of the 38 patients included, 16 had mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, six had mixed MALT and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and 16 had DLBCL. Thirty-five patients (92.1%) had early stage (stage I/II) disease. Of the 16 MALT lymphoma patients, 14 were treated by surgery, and radiotherapy (RT) or chemotherapy was combined in five patients. Two patients received RT or chemotherapy alone. Of the six mixed MALT and DLBCL patients, three underwent surgery with chemotherapy and three underwent chemotherapy alone, RT alone, or surgery with RT. All of the 16 DLBCL patients received chemotherapy, and surgery and RT was combined in 4 and 1 patients, respectively. The 5-year survival was 100% for MALT lymphoma (7 of 7) and mixed MALT and DLBCL patients (5 of 5) and 87.5% for DLBCL patients (7 of 8). Conclusion: Early stage PTL has an excellent prognosis when managed by single or combined treatment modalities. Clinicians should consider PTL in patients with underlying Hashimoto’s thyroiditis presenting with an enlarging thyroid mass.

Synthesis and Physical Properties Of Acylated Chitosan Derivatives

( Chai Young An ),( Lok Ranjan Bhatt ),( Bo Mi Kim ),( Sun Mi Nam ),( Un Sik Lim ),( Chai Ho Lee ),( Kyu Yun Chai ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2010 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.15 No.1

A comparative study of postoperative pain for open thyroidectomy versus bilateral axillo-breast approach robotic thyroidectomy using a self-reporting application for iPad

Young Jun Chai,Junho Song,Jiyoung Kang,Jung-Woo Woo,Ra-Yeong Song,Hyungju Kwon,Su-Jin Kim,June Young Choi,Kyu Eun Lee 대한외과학회 2016 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.90 No.5

Purpose: Postoperative pain for robotic thyroid surgeries including bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) has not been well studied. In this study, we have developed a self-reporting application (SRA) for iPad and prospectively collected pain scores from open thyroidectomy (OT) and BABA robotic thyroidectomy (RT) patients. Methods: Female patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma were included. Patients recorded pain scores for throat, anterior neck, posterior neck, chest, and back on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3. Once discharged, on postoperative day 14, a survey was also conducted on satisfaction of SRA and cosmesis. Results: A total of 54 patients were enrolled (27 BABA RT and 27 OT). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative complication rates. Postoperative pain scores at days 1, 2, 3, and 14 were not significantly different between the groups for throat, anterior neck, posterior neck, or back. Postoperative analgesic requirements were similar between the 2 groups. Wound satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the BABA RT group (BABA RT 7.4 vs. OT 5.7; P = 0.016). Satisfaction scores for the usefulness of SRA were above 7.2 for all four questionnaire items on the 10-point scale. Conclusion: Postoperative pain for BABA RT is equivalent to OT but offers greater cosmetic satisfaction for patients. A mobile device application such as SRA may facilitate proper assessment and management of pain in postoperative patients.

Balloon Dilators for Fast and Safe Flap Dissection in Transoral Endoscopic Vestibular Approach Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach (TOETVA)

Moon Young Oh,Young Jun Chai,Jung-Man Lee,Gianlorenzo Dionigi,Che-Wei Wu,Hoon Yub Kim,Hyeong Won Yu,Su-Jin Kim,June Young Choi,Kyu Eun Lee 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2021 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.21 No.4

Purpose: Creating working space while performing thyroid surgery via a transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) can be technically challenging. We describe our experiences using a balloon dilator for easy and rapid flap dissection during TOETVA. Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent surgery for thyroid diseases via a TOETVA were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups: the Routine group included patients who underwent routine flap dissection using conventional laparoscopic instruments without the use of a balloon dilator, and the Spacemaker group included patients who underwent flap dissection using a balloon dilator. The working space formation time, defined as the time from first insertion of an instrument into a trocar until the time of the completion of working space formation, and clinical outcomes were analyzed and compared between groups. Results: A total of 39 patients (6 males and 33 females) were included in the study, with 26 patients in the Routine group and 13 patients in the Spacemaker group. There were no differences in patient demographics between groups. Flap dissection time was significantly longer in the Routine group compared to the Spacemaker group (8.0±2.8 minutes vs. 5.3±2.1 minutes, P=0.004). No excessive bleeding events or conversion to open surgery occurred during surgery in either group. There were also no postoperative bleeding events or infections in either group. Conclusion: Balloon dilators can provide a fast, efficient, and safe flap dissection method for working space formation during thyroid surgery with TOETVA.