실리콘 직접 접합/전기화학적 식각정지를 이용한 실리콘 다이아프램의 형성과 실리콘 압력센서 제조에의 응용

김성환,주병권,김철주,차균현,오명환,하병주,김근섭,송만호 한국센서학회 1994 센서학회지 Vol.3 No.3

A new type of Si diaphragm was fabricated using Si-wafer direct bonding and two-step electrochemical etch-stopping methods. Using the new diaphragm structure in mechanical sensors, more precise control of cavity depth and diaphragm thickness was achievable. Also, the propagation of the stress, which was generated near the bonding interface, to the surface can be avoided. Finally, a piezoresistive-type Si pressure sensor was fabricated utilizing the diaphragm and a digital pressure gauge, which can display units of pressure, was realized.

Semi - continuous Culture 방법을 이용한 Condensed Tannin 의 한국재래산양 반추위 섬유소 분해 미생물의 활성에 미치는 영향

배귀석,이상석,최종원,박상엽,장문백,하종규,최일,배희동,김종민 한국낙농학회 1999 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

3 성분계 유기용제의 인화특성에 관한 연구

최재욱,하동명,목연수,임우섭,최일곤,조태제 한국산업안전학회 1999 한국안전학회지 Vol.14 No.3

This study was accomplished by measuring the lower and upper flash point with air blowing method and grasping the characteristics of flammability for the three component systems, which are made up of the Benzene-Toluene-o-Xylene and Methylethylketone-Toluene-o-Xylene. These three component systems are widely used in the various industrial fields together with the development of industry. The results are as follows ; 1) Isothermal line is plotted on the triangular diagram for flash points determined in each solutions. From this line, the mixed compositions which indicated the same lower and upper flash points in each different composition could be read on this diagram, if the composition of mixtures are known. 2) Lower and upper explosion limits obtained from the flash points determined for the three component solution are compared with the value calculated from Le Chatelier's law. Especially the lower explosion limits are in a good agreement with the calculated values.

Malic acid 와 Citric acid 의 첨가가 반추위 곰팡이의 성장 및 섬유소 분해율에 미치는 영향

고주,이성실,노영애,김홍대,하종규,양승학 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

본 실험은 처음으로 malic acid와 citric acid의 첨가가 곰팡이의 성장 및 섬유소 분해력에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였고 혼합 미생물의 성장 및 대사에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실험 1, 2, 3으로 나누어 수행하였는데, malic acid의 농도가 배지의 0.001%∼0.01%까지는 곰팡이의 성장 및 섬유소 분해효소의 활력과 섬유소 분해율을 증가시켰다. 그러나 0.1% 이상의 malic acid를 첨가하면 오히려 곰팡이의 성장이나 섬유소 분해효소 및 섬유소 분해력이 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 citic acid를 배지의 0.005% 첨가했을 때 곰팡이의 성장량과 섬유소 분해효소의 활력 및 섬유소 분해율이 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 증가하였으며 0.1%에서는 크게 억제되는 것으로 나타났다 This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of malic or citric acid supplementation on the growth and cellulolytic activity of rumen fungi. Malic acid or citric acid were supplemented into Lowe's medium at the level of 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1%, respectively. N. frontalis was used as inoculant. Incubation was lasted for 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days and pH, CMCase and xylanase activity, filter paper degradability and fungal protein were estimated after incubation. When supplementation level was from 0.001 to 0.01%, malic acid stimulated the fungal growth, cellulolytic enzymes activity and cellulose degradability, but results were reversed when malic acid concentration was above 0.1%. Citric acid affected rumen fungal growth and cellulolytic enzyme activity in the similar trend. .

Malic Acid 혹은 Citric acid 의 첨가가 반추위 혼합미생물의 성장 및 대사에 미치는 영향

고주,이성실,노영애,김홍대,하종규,감동근,전현식 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

본 연구는 malic acid와 citric acid의 첨가가 반추위 혼합미생물의 성장 및 대사에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해서 실시되었는데, 시험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. Malic acid와 citric acid를 각각 혼합미생물의 배지에 첨가했을 때 배양 12∼24시간에서 두 처리구에서 모두 박테리아의 성장이 크게 촉진되었어며 citric aicd의 첨가효과가 malic acid보다 더 좋았고 박테리아중 amylase를 분비하는 박테리아가 주로 많이 성장하였다. 그리고 곰팡이는 12∼24시간까지는 malic acid와 citric acid 첨가구에서 모두 대조구에 비하여 유의성있게 증가하다 48시간 후에는 급격히 감소하였다. 따라서 섬유소 분해효소의 활력도 48시간부터 급격히 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of malic or citric acid on the growth and cellulolytic activity of mixed rumen microbes. The mixed rumen microbes were inoculated into Lowe's medium containing 0.01% malic or citric acid, and incubated for 12, 24, 48, 72, 120 and 168 hours. After incubation, enzyme (CMCase, xylanase, amylase and protease) activity, microbial growth and gas production were estimated. Results were obtained as below Bacterial growth rate and amylase activity were increased by addition of 0.01% malic acid or citric acid at 12 and 24 hour after incubation, and this stimulatory effect was more obvious with citric acid than with malic acid. Malic or citric acid addition increased fungal growth and cellulolytic enzyme activity upto 24 hour incubation.

뇌혈관질환 후 실어증의 한의학적 치료에 대한 국내 임상연구에 대한 고찰

고지윤,손아현,신현수 대한한방내과학회 2018 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.39 No.6

Objectives: The aim of this review is to investigate clinical studies on Oriental medicine treatment for aphasia after cerebrovascular disease. Methods: Using the keywords ‘Aphasia', ‘Oriental medicine', ‘Stroke' ‘Cerebral infarction', ‘Cerebral hemorrhage', and ‘Clinic', we searched domestic databases, including “NDSL (National Discovery for Science Leaders)", “Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal", “OASIS (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System)", and “RISS (Research Information Sharing Service)". Each keyword was not searched individually, but combined in various ways. To investigate recent trends, we limited our search to papers published after 2000. Papers that did not include a specific treatment method or did not match the subject “Aphasia after stroke" were excluded. Results: Using the searching method, 13 studies were found. Of these, 12 studies were in the form of case reports, while one was in the form of a non-randomized controlled trial. These studies showed positive results for the use of Oriental medicine in terms of the Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB), the evaluation form on functional performance capability and accuracy of articulatory organs developed by Lee, aphasia screening test refered in ‘Assessment in Speech-Language Pathology' and adapted properly to Korean, the Communicative Ability in Daily Living Test (CADLT), the Korean Version-Boston Naming Test (K-BNT), and language assessment items included in CNS, and NIHSS. Conclusions: Of the 12 case reports, 11 studies showed positive results of the use of Oriental medicine for treatment of aphasia after cerebrovascular disease. However, more sophisticated and large-scale clinical research on aphasia should be conducted.

Sbi3 를 첨가한 25% Bi2Te3-75% Sb2Te3 와 15% Bi2Te3-85% Sb2Te3 단결정의 전기적특성과 열전특성

현도빈,황종승,심재동,오태성,하헌필 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1999 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.37 No.8

The temperature dependences of the electrical and thermoelectric properties of the SbI₃-doped 25% Bi₂Te₃-75% Sb₂Te₃ and 15% Bi₂Te₃-85% Sb₂Te₃ single crystals, grown by the Bridgman method, were measured at temperatures ranging from 77 K to 600 K. For the Sb₂Te₃-rich single crystals, the temperature dependence of the Hall mobility was T^(-1.0) regardless the Sb₂Te₃ contents and added amount of SbI₃. The temperature dependences of (m*/m_o)^(3/2)·μ_c and effective mass m*/m_o were T^(-1.5) and T^(-1/3), respectively. The decrease of the saturated hole concentration and the change of the slope of the Seebeck coefficient with temperature were considered in the view point of the two sub-bands in the valence band. The maximum figure-of-merit at 300 K of 0.2 wt% SbI₃-doped 25% Bi₂Te₃-75% Sb₂Te₃ and 0.4 wt% SbI₃-doped 15% Bi₂Te₃-85% Sb₂Te₃ single crystals were 2.25×10^(-3)/K and 1.95×10^(-3)/K, respectively.

원자력발전소 인간신뢰도 분석의 한계점 분석과 차세대 방법을 위한 요건 개발

김재환,정원대,장승철,하재주 한국산업안전학회 1999 한국안전학회지 Vol.14 No.2

More than twenty methods were suggested for Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) in the field of safety analysis for Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). However, there is still a high uncertainty on the analysis and a difficulty in performing HRA. New methods and approaches are under studying to overcome such limitations of current HRA. This paper presents some results of study to analysis limitations of current HRA in viewpoint of user, i.e., HRA analyst. The limitation analysis was based on 89 human error events modeled in a Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) project for NPPs in Korea. Total 17 specific limitations were identified and categorized into seven groups. Important analysis has also been undertaken to assess the order of priority among those limitations. Finally, seven requirements with priority ranking were generated for an advanced framework and methodology of HRA.

반추동물에서 분리한 혐기성 곰팡이의 성장지표간의 상관관계

김홍대,하종규,황일환,심성수 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

본 시험은 반추위 곰팡이의 성장 지표를 다양한 방법으로 측정하고, 이들과 실제 곰팡이 biomass와의 상관관계를 살펴봄으로써, 혐기성 곰팡이의 성장을 추정할 수 있는 효율적 방법을 검토하고자 수행되었다. 시험에 사용된 균주는 Neocallimastix frontalis C5-1, Piromyces sp. PH-2, Orpinomyces sp. OH-4로서 한우와 Holstein 젖소에서 분리된 것이며, 2, 4, 6일 배양후, gas production, pH를 측정하고, 원심분리 후 상층액증의 acetate 및 total carbon를 측정하였으며, 곰팡이 균체를 수거하여 freezed dryweight 및 fungal protein과 chitin을 측정하고, 주요 성장 지표간의 상관관계 (correlation coeffciency)를 검토하였다. 배양시간에 따른 반추위 곰팡이의 biomass와 성장 지표의 측정결과는 다음과 같다. 반추위 곰팡이의 동결 건조무게는, Neocallimastix frontalis C5-1, Piromyces sp. PH-2는 배양 4일까지는 증가하다가 6일째 측정시 감소하였으나, Orpinomyces sp. OH-4는 계속하여 증가하였다. 배양액의 pH 값은 배양시간에 따라 감소하다가 배양 4일 이후부터는 증가하였으며, 곰팡이가 active growth stage에 있을 때 DM과 역의 상관관계가 있었다. Gas production의 경우 균주에 따른 생산량의 차이가 있었으나, 배양일에 따라 증가하였으며, 곰팡이가 active growth stage에 있을 때 DM과 높은 상관관계가 있었다. 최종 발효대사산물인 acetate의 배양액중의 함량은 배양 4일까지 증가하다가 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 균주에 따른 차이는 있었으나 DM과 상관관계가 있었다. 그리고 fungal protein과 chitin은 곰팡이의 DM과 높은 상관관계를 나타냈으며, protein과 chitin간에도 높은 상관관계를 나타냈다. 한편, 배양액중의 total carbon의 경우 균주에 관계없이 감소하는 경향을 나타냈으며, 역의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 균주에 따라 차이는 있었지만, 조사된 곰팡이 성장지표들 중에서 배양액의 pH total cabon과 acetate의 농도, 그리고 gas production과 균체 단백질 등이 곰팡이의 건물무게와 상관관계가 높았던 것으로 조사되었다. This study was conducted to find out effective methods for estimating fungal growth by comparing various growth indicators of anaerobic rumen fungi with fungal biomass in vitro. Three different strains of ruminal fungi(Neocallimastix frontalis C5-1, Piromyces sp. PH-2, Orpinomyces sp. OH-4) were isolated from Korean native cow and Holstein dairy cow. Lysophilized dry matter, acetate, total carbon, fungal protein and chitin were determined after 2, 4, 6 days of incubation. Gas production and pH value were determined after 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 days of incubation in Lowe's medium. Fungal biomass of Neocallimastix frontalis C5-1 or Piromyces sp. PH-2 was increased during the initial 4 days of incubation, and thereafter the biomass was decreased by autolysis. On the other hand, fungal biomass of Orpinomyces sp. OH-4 was continuously increased up to 6 day incubation. There was a negative correlation between pH value and fungal dry weight during the active growth stage. The pH values of three different fungi were significantly decreased with the incubation time, but increased after 5 day incubation. Cummulative gas production was somewhat variable among fungal strains, but increased throughout the incubation period. There was a high correlation between cummulative gas production and dry matter (DM) during active growth stage. Changes in acetate concentration of the medium showed a similar pattern to that of fungal dry weight by incubation time. The fungal dry weight of OH-4 was increased during all incubation time but the acetate concentration of Orpinomyces sp. OH-4 was decreased after 4 day incubation. There was a positive correlation between acetate concentration and DM. The fungal protein was found to be a reliable indicator of fungal growth during all incubation days. Total carbon in the medium was decreased regardless of fungal strains and had a high negative correlation with DM during the active growth stage.

Zone melting furnace 온도와 성장속도가 90 % Bi2Se3n 형 단결정의 열전특성에 미치는 영향

현도빈,황종승,심재동,오태성,하헌필 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2000 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.38 No.1

The effects of the zone melting temperature and growth rate on the thermoelectric properties for 0.15 wt% CdI₂ and 0.05 wt% CdCl₂ doped 90% Bi₂Te₃-10% Bi₂Se₃ single crystals were investigated. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity of the 0.15 wt% CdI₂ doped single crystals were initially decreased along the ingots due to the condensation of iodine in the melts. The sharp increase of the Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity at the last-to-freeze region were considered as results of the evaporation of iodine from the molten zone and the compensation of electrons due to the formation of the antistructure defects. The figure-of-merit was enhanced with increasing the zone melting temperature and lowering the growth rate. The single crystels grown at the zone melting temperature of 800℃ and the growth rate of 0.1 ㎜/min exhibited the maximum figure-of-merit of 2.8×10^(-3)/K.