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국제 공모전 제품디자인 분야 대학생 수상작품 분석 -2016년부터 2020년까지 5년간의 레드닷(Red Dot) 디자인 공모전 수상작품을 중심으로-
김병수 ( Kim¸ Byung Soo ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.4
디자인 공모전은 디자인전공 학생들에게 있어 자신의 경력과 디자인 능력에 대하여 객관적 기준에 의해 판단 받을 수 있는 중요한 기회라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 매년 공모전을 개최하는 단체나 기업에서는 자신들이 추구하는 디자인 방향성을 심사기준으로 정하고 출품작품들을 선별하고 있고, 이러한 기준이 매해 연도별 어떠한 경향 혹은 시대성을 반영하고 있으리라 가설을 바탕으로 연구를 시작하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 디자인 공모전의 공정성과 콘셉트 방향성을 가늠해볼 수 있는 자료의 확보이며 이를 근거로 주제선정의 객관적인 데이터 확보와 예비 디자이너의 양성을 위한 기초자료의 토대를 구축하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 인지도가 가장 높은 레드닷 공모전에서 5년간 수상한 총 145개 학생작품에 대하여, ‘신기술, 로우테크, 노약자, 사회문제, 환경친화’와 연관된 총 5개의 메인 주제와 ‘생활, 의료, 교육, 소통, 작업, 운송, 안전, 체육, 환경’의 9개 보조주제로 구분하여 살펴보았다. 본 연구의 결론으로 첫 번째는 지난 5년간 해를 거듭할수록 대학생 수상작품의 개수가 점차 하락폭이 커지고 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 두 번째는 수상작품이 가장 많은 국가로는 중국이 5년간 78개의 작품을 차지함으로써 전체 수상작품 대비 총 54%를 차지할 정도로 압도적이란 점이다. 세 번째는 지난 5년간 총 145개 대학생 수상작품의 주된 주제가 ‘신기술’과 ‘로우테크(Low tech)’의 비중이 각각 35%씩 차지하여 이러한 2개의 주제가 전체의 70%를 차지하고 있다는 점이다. 네 번째, ‘생활 속의 문제해결’을 위한 소주제의 빈도가 총 54개(37%)로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 의료 19개(14%), 운송과 환경이 각각 14개(9.6%)의 비중을 차지하고 있었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 추후 세계 3대 디자인 공모전 전체의 자료 분석을 실시하여 디자인 발전의 객관적인 지표를 확립하고자 한다. The design competition is an important opportunity for design students to have their career and design ability evaluated by objective standards. So groups and companies holding contests are annually choosing entries after setting their sought-for directivity for review criteria. This study began based on the hypothesis that these criteria reflect some trend or periodic character year by year. The purpose of this study is to secure data that can evaluate the fairness and concept direction of the design contest, and based on this, secure objective data for topic selection and to establish a foundation for basic data for nurturing prospective designers. On the subject of 145 prizewinning works at the widely-known Red Dot Design Awards for past five years, this study made a review through 5 main themes related to new technology, low technology, the old and the weak, social problems and eco-friendliness and 9 assistive themes including life, health care, education, communication, work, transportation, safety, physical education and environment. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, it was verified that, for the past 5 years, college students’ entries have steadily decreased in number with a larger fall. Second, the country winning the largest number of prizes for the past 5 years was China taking away 78 prizes, whopping 54% of the total. Third, for the past 5 years, main themes of 145 college prizewinners were new technology (35%) and low technology (35%), these two combined accounting for 70%. Fourth, as to small theme, problem solving in everyday life corresponds to the largest 54 prizes (37%), followed by 19 prizes of health care (14%), transport and environment for 14 prizes (9.6%), in the order. Based on these results of study, data analysis on the world’s three greatest design awards will be made in the future to establish an objective indicator for design development.
( Byungsoo Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1
In phase 3 clinical trials for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis patients (UNCOVER 1, 2 and 3), Ixekizumab demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in PASI as early as week1. The average PASI improvement compared to Baseline was 33% at week 1 and 54% at week 2. At week 12, 71%, 40% of Ixekizumab patients achieved PASI 90 and PASI 100 respectively. (P < 0.001 IXE vs ETN and PBO week 1-12). In Long-term extension Period of UNCOVER trials, Ixekizumab was effective through 264 weeks of treatment. 74% and 41% of Ixekizumab patients achieved PASI 90 and PASI 100 respectively through 5years (mNRI method). The safety profile did not differ significantly from previous clinical studies. Thirty Korean moderate and severe plaque psoriasis patients with Ixekizumab were analyzed for clinical response and safety of Ixekizumab. A significant reduction in mean (±standard deviation) baseline PASI score (14.1±2.6) was detected at week 4 of ixekizumab therapy (3.8±2.7, p<0.001), with a further improvement at week 12 and 24 (0.9±0.7 and 0.5±0.5, respectively) (p<0.001). Our analysis showed that 100%, 87.5%, and 50% of patients achieved PASI 75, 90, and 100 responses, respectively, after 48 weeks of therapy. However, nine patients (30%) experienced a mild adverse event such as injection site reaction, urticaria, upper respiratory tract infection, and stomatitis. No serious adverse events were observed. In conclusion, Ixekizumab is effective and safe in treating Korean patients with moderate to severe psoriasis based on the evidence for the use of ixekizumab in real-world clinical practice.
( Byungsoo Kim ),( Soumajyoti Sarkar ),( Christine Abria ),( Smriti K. Raychaudhuri ),( Siba P. Raychaudhuri ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2
Background: IL-17A, IL-22 and TNF- α play leading roles in Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) but their regulatory role on JAK-STAT signaling for pannus formation remains unknown. Objectives: To address whether the key regulatory cytokines of PsA induce phosphorylation of STAT3 and can JAK-STAT inhibitor antagonize effects on pannus formation induced by TNF- α, IL-17 and IL-22. Methods: We tested the effect of tofacitinib on the IL-6, IL-8 and MMP-3 production in FLS. FLS were cultured with TNF-α, IL-17A or IL-22 and ELISAs were performed for IL-6, IL-8 and MMP-3. MTT assay was done for proliferation and immunoblot studies of FLS lysates were done for STAT3. Results: IL-17, IL-22, TNF-α induced phosphorylation of STAT3. PsA FLS pre-treated with tofacitinib showed decreased levels of phospho-STAT3 compared to the FLS cells without tofacitinib. IL-17, TNF-α and IL-22 induced significant proliferation of PsA and RA FLS. PsA and RA FLS stimulated with IL-17A, IL-22 or TNF-α produced significantly more IL-6 IL-8 and MMP-3 compared to media and that could be reduced when these FLS were pre-treated with tofacitinib. Conclusion: FLS proliferation, IL-6, IL-8 and MMP-3 production by FLS are the two critical events of pannus formation induced by IL-17A, TNF-α and IL-22 and is regulated by the JAK-STAT kinase system. These data support a role for JAK-STAT signaling pathways in PsA and provides mechanisms of actions of tofacitinib for its efficacy.
Is It Possible to Discontinue Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists after Psoriasis Remission?
( Byungsoo Kim ),( Emanual Maverakis ),( Siba P. Raychaudhuri ) 대한피부과학회 2019 Annals of Dermatology Vol.31 No.5
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists are highly effective treatments for psoriasis. These agents provide the opportunity to improve disease activity and achieve clinical remission. Despite its efficacy, long-term use of biologics is associated with high financial costs and possibly life-threatening adverse events. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in discontinuing TNF antagonists in patients with psoriasis who have achieved a positive clinical response. However, there is a paucity of data and clinical guidelines concerning the cessation TNF antagonists in psoriasis treatment. Several factors, including cost, subsequent treatment efficacy, relative risks, and tolerability, should be considered before the decision is made to discontinue TNF antagonists. Well-designed clinical trials are necessary to identify factors that may trigger disease exacerbation after medication discontinuation in order to recognize the potential disadvantages of discontinuing treatment in patients who are previously successfully managed on TNF antagonists. (Ann Dermatol 31(5) 495∼501, 2019)
Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of 2-Substituted Methyl Benzo[<i>b</i>]furan-3-carboxylates
Kang, Byungsoo,Lee, Min Hyung,Kim, Mijung,Hwang, Jungwoon,Kim, Hyeong Baik,Chi, Dae Yoon American Chemical Society 2015 Journal of organic chemistry Vol.80 No.16
<P>A concise and highly efficient synthetic pathway was developed for 2-substituted methyl benzo[<I>b</I>]furan-3-carboxylates. This method provides convenient and cost-effective access for 2-substituted methyl benzo[<I>b</I>]furan-3-carboxylates without the use of a transition metal catalyst for synthesis. Furthermore, in most cases, this method gives excellent yields and conventional flash column chromatography is not needed for purification.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/joceah/2015/joceah.2015.80.issue-16/acs.joc.5b01311/production/images/medium/jo-2015-01311s_0013.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jo5b01311'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>