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S-344 : The Role of Skeletal Muscle Mass in Development of Metabolic Syndrome
( Byung Sam Park ),( Jun Sung Moon ),( Ji Sung Yoon ),( Kyu Chang Won ),( Hyoung Woo Lee ) 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1
Introduction: It has been well known that abdominal adiposity is related with insulin resistance and greater risk of metabolic disorder. Skeletal muscle plays central role in insulin mediated glucose disposal of whole body, but we only know a little about the association between skeletal muscle mass and MetS (MetS). The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical role of skeletal muscle mass in developing MetS through using skeletal muscle parameters by body impedance analysis (BIA). Methods: 1,042 healthy adults aged from 20 to 75 years who visited Yeungnam university health promotion center from Jun. 2008 to Jun. 2010 were enrolled. 204 subjects who had prior MetS or chronic disease that can affect to skeletal muscle mass were excluded. After 24 months from baseline, the metabolic parameters were assessed and the development of MetS was diagnosed using modified NCEP-ATP III criteria. From the BIA (Inbody 720), we obtained skeletal muscle mass (SMM, Kg), body fat mass (BFM, Kg), and visceral fat area (VFA, cm2). Then, we had defined as follows; percent of skeletal muscle mass (SMM%, %): SMM (kg)/weight (Kg), skeletal muscle index (SMI, Kg/m2): SMM (Kg)/height (m)2, skeletal muscle to body fat ratio (MFR): SMM (kg)/BFM (Kg) and skeletal muscle to visceral fat ratio (SVR, Kg/cm2): SMM (Kg)/VFA (cm2) Results: Mean follow up periods were 28.7±5.4 months. Among total 838 subjects (46.9±9.9 years, M:F=477:361), 88 (10.5%) were newly diagnosed MetS. 5th quintile of the SMM%, MFR and SVR was associated with decreased risk of development of MetS after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: Decreased skeletal muscle mass may play critical role in development of the MetS and not absolute amount of skeletal muscle mass but relative ratio to body composition may be more important.
이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1
연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.
전재식,채하석,이철영,오장진,이병영,명동범 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.22 No.1
In reference to the ISO-4037 and ANSI N13.11, appropriateness of the shielding and collimating system, and suitability of the irradiation and its environmental conditions of a 20 Ci Cs-137 gamma-ray irradiator installed in Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety(KINS) were investigated. Upon the installation of the irradiator, condition of collimator alignment and virtual beam cross section were examined by use of a portable He-Ne laser. In order to evaluate the fitness of the secondary(scattered) to primary ratio of the collimated gamma-ray beam from the irradiator in light of ISO and ANSI requirement, the measurements of the secondary to primary ratio were performed by use of a cavity type ion chamber which had been calibrated in a calibration laboratory that maintains reliable traceability. For the theoretical assessment of the gamma-ray field the collimated beam were divided into fifteen sectors and for each sector the secondary to primary ratio and the gamma-ray spectrum was simulated by means of Monte Carlo method. The outcomes were compared with the experimental results, and cause of scattering and the existence of alleged modifying factors in the irradiator were examined.
전병세 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1997 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.1
뮬라이트질 캐스터블 내화물을 제조하기 위해 뮬라이트, 활성알루미나, 마이크로실리카, 그리고 CA 시멘트가 사용되었다. 본 실험에서는 유동 특성과 그리고 미세구조의 변화에 따른 물리적 특성이 조사되었다. 또한 알루미나, 마이크로실리카 그리고 CA 시멘트계의 유변학적 거동을 확립하기 위하여 전기적 이중층이 조사되었다. 마이크로실리카와 물 함량 그리고 aggregate의 분포가 물리적 성질 그리고 전기적 이중층의 변화에 크게 기여하였다. Mullite, active alumina, microsilica, CA cement were used to fabricate mullite castable refractory. Flow and physical properties with microstructual evolution were investigated in this work. Electrical double layer was also examined to set up rheological behavior among alumina. microsilica, and CA cement system. It was found that variation of the microsilica, water contents, and aggregate distributioins was an effective means of producing substantial modification of certain physical and electrical double layer properties.
全鍾貴,金一坤,趙炳俊 忠南大學校體育科學硏究所 1995 體育科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.1
The purpose of this study is analyze children's physical fitness and basic rate by observing the change in the heart rate of the seventy children of five to six age at kindergarten school in Taejon and farming and fishing communities of Chungnam province to analyze their greatest physical fitness. Following conclusions were obtained Their resting heart rate showed 90∼92 beats/min higher than adult's Their heart rate changed to 119.7∼123.7 beats/min abruptly while they exercised for three minutes. Their heart rate for six to twelve minutes showed 137.2∼163.7 beats/min, or the intermediate exercise intensity of 38.7%∼66.1%. The treadmill exercise for eighteen minutes showed 187.9∼194.4 beats/min, or the exercise intensity of 78.9%∼89.8% and the greatest heart rate showed 201.1∼207.6 beats/min. The exercise intensity showed 40% six minutes after exercise, 50% nine minutes after exercise, and 63.9%∼80% during the twelve to fifteen minutes exercise. Thus the exercise must last for over five minutes to improve cardiovascular endurance, and the exercise at the level of 40% exercise intensity (about six minutes) seemed to be effective for the improvement of children's cardiovascular endurance.
전병민,박규태,김상운,이기돈 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1984 논문집 Vol.16 No.2
In this paper, we study thinning algorithms which are peeling off successive contours of the character image to be thinned while keeping the connectivity of the skeleton in the process. Noise rejection algorithm is proposed for the purpose of removing the common short-comings of thinning algorithms when applied to hand-printed data. The algorithm consists of the three processings: preprocessing, thinning, and postprocessing. The preprocessing smooths down the originally-thick image and the postprocessing leads to the well-groomed skeleton. The noise rejection algorithm is implemented with FORTRAN language and tested through a CYBER170-825 computer system.
田炳旭 水原大學校 2004 論文集 Vol.22 No.-
Today, many attacks on the Internet are focused on IT infra itself rather than specific systems. Also huge capacity of network and lightening speed of the communication make possible more sophisticated and intelligent attacks to the system. Several methods are used to protect the system against those attacks - such as prevention, cure, and mitigation. However, these methodologies have a fatal limitation caused by the behavior of human being that is structured on time based think pattern. In this paper, the threat and the vulnerability that have to be overrun by system designers are defined. The method that calculates the quantitative estimation of spreading effects in realtime response against those threats has been presented. And a policy that selects an optimal protection method is proposed.