PVD 방법에 의한 TiN barrier metal 형성과 공정개발

염병렬,박형호,최치규,이종덕,김건호,이정용,서경수,강민성 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

Ar과 N₂?가스가 혼합된 분위기에서 반응성 스퍼터링 방법에 의하여 TiN 박막을 증착하였다. N₂ 가스의 농도는 화학양론적으로 TiN이 형성되는 조건에 맞도록 조절하였으며, 기판의 온도는 실온에서 부터 700℃의 범위내로 유지하였다. (111) texture 구조를 가지면서 화학양론적으로 Ti??N??인 박막은 기판의 온도가 600℃ 이상에서 형성되었고, 기판의 온도가 600℃ 이하에서는 형성된 박막은 N-과다형이었다. XRD, XPS 및 RBS 분석 결과 TiN 박막의 조성비는 기판의 온도에서 다소 의존하였으나 약 5% 이내에 불과하였다. TiN 박막의 면저항은 기판온도의 증가에 따라 감소하였고, 기판온도가 600℃에서 증착된 TiN 박막의 면저항능 14.5Ω/□ 였고, Ar―가스 분위기에서 700℃로 30초간 열처리한 후는 8.9Ω/□ 이었다. 따라서 반응성 스퍼터링방법에 의하여 형성되는 양질의 TiN 박막은 기판온도가 600℃이상이 최적조건임을 알았다. Titanium nitride (TiN) films were prepared by reactive sputter deposition in mixed gas of Ar+N₂?. The volume percentage of N₂ in the working gas was chosen so as to grow stoichiometric TiN films and the substrate temperature during film growth was set from room temperature to 700℃. stoichiometric Ti??N?? films with (111) texture were grown at temperatures over 600℃, while films prepared at temperatures below 600℃ showed N-rich TiN. The composition x and y in the Ti??N?? films determined by XPS and RBS varied within 5% with the substrate temperature. The sheet resisstance of the TiN films decreases as the substrate temperature increased. TiN film prepared at 600℃ showed 14.5Ω/□, and it decreased to 8.9Ω/□ after the sample was annealed at 700℃, 30 sec in Ar-gas ambient by RTA. By far, high quality stoichiometric TiN films by reactive sputtering in the mixed gas ambient could be prepared at substrate temperature over 600℃.

경피내시경하 위루술(PEG)을 시행한 중풍후유증 환자 1례에 대한 증례보고

임승민,안정조,최영,조현경,오병렬,설인찬 대전대학교 한방병원 2002 惠和醫學 Vol.11 No.1

According to the case study of patient with seguela of C.V.A who was treated by Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrotomy(PEG), his chief complaint is the dysphagia. We treated him by a viewpoint of oriental medicine and got the good clinical symtom.

Gullian Barre Syndrome 患者 1例에 대한 症例報告

임승민,안정조,최영,조현경,김민상,유병찬,오병렬,김윤식,설인찬 대전대학교 한방병원 2002 惠和醫學 Vol.11 No.1

Gullian Barre Syndrome is an acute symmetric polyradiculoneuropathy that typically presents as a progressive flaccid paralysis. The pathology is believed to be caused by both cellular and humoral immune processes The possibility of death is 3-5% and About 20% of patients require mechanical ventilaton. Recently We have experienced a patient who had suspected Gullian Barre Syndrome for 60days, his condition weakness and pain was impoved through the herb and acupucture Therefore I reported it for the treatment.

흰쥐 횡경막 신경근표본에서 Mivacurium과 Succinyl-choline의 근이완 작용에 대한 Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine, Edrophonium, Galanthamine 및 Pseudocholinesterase의 반전효과

한성민,최윤,양홍석,김성렬,서병태,조삼순,윤시네 대한마취과학회 2000 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.39 No.2

Background: The hydrolysis of mivacurium and succinylcholine is impaired in the presence of defects of pseudocholinesterase. Clinical reports are conflicting as to the utility of anticholinesterases, in the reversal of mivacurium- or succinylcholine- induced paralysis. In this study, the role of exogenous bovine pseudocholinesterases (BpChE) and/or neostigmine, pyridostigmine, edrophonium or galanthamine in the reversal of mivacurium- or succinylcholine-induced paralysis, were investigated with the rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation. Methods: Ninety five Sprague-Dawley rats (200 g, male) were divided into 14 groups (n = 10). The phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation mounted in a bath containing oxygenated Krebs' solution. Twitch response from diaphragmatic muscle evoked by phrenic nerve stimulation were measured. After stabilization of the twitch responses, mivacurium (0.1 ㎍/mlml) or succinylcholine (0.1 ㎍/ml) was administered incrementally in the preparation to obtain more than 95% twitch inhibition. BpE (0.1, 1.0 u/ml), and/or neostigmine (0.1, 1.0 ㎍/ml), pyridostigmine (0.5, 5 ㎍/ml), edrophonium (0.01, 0.1 ㎍/ml) or galanthamine (0.1, 1.0 ㎍/ml) were added for the reversal of mivacurium- and/or succinylcholine-induced block in each group and the twitch responses (0.1 Hz) were monitored for 60 min. The effect of BpChE (0.1 u/ml), in combination with each of the above four anticholinesterases at lower concentrations also were examined. Twitch heights more than 75% was considered an adequate reversal. Results: BpChE 0.1 and 1.0 u/ml were effective in reversal of mivacurium-induced paralysis. When anticholinestrases were added, there was no effective improvement of twitch height at the end of 60 minutes. In succinylcholine-induced paralysis, BpChE was effective for reversal, but when anticholinesterases were added, BpChE potency was inhibited. Conclusions: BpChE will reverse mivacurium-induced block more effectively than anticholinesterase. BpChE is effective in reversing succinylcholine block. The additionanticholinesterases inhibits the activity of pseudocholinesterase.

Supra Pubic Catheter를 施行한 腦卒中 患者 1例에 對한 證例報告

유병찬,오병렬,김민상,안정조,임승민,최영,설인찬 대전대학교 한방병원 2002 惠和醫學 Vol.11 No.1

According to the literary study on catheterization of bladder in one case of patient with C.V.A. who was treated by supra pubic catheterization, the results were as follows. 1. If not immediately treat ischuria, emergency disease, very great danger to life can happen by loss of kidney function. So we must treat ischuria instantly by consideration of treatment from the factor. 2. Catheterization of bladder generally acted in emergency room, is emergency treatment only in the lower part of urethral obstruction. 3. Catheterization of bladder was put on record in Son Saimiao's Qianjinyaofang, which is the first book on it. It had been developed by Luo Qianyi, Zhang Jiepin, and Wang Dao. 4. Ancient times, an urethral catheter was made of green onion leaf, pig bladder, goose feather and so on. 5. Nelaton is catheterization of bladder in functional or momentary ischuria. Indwelling catheterization is treatment keeping in urethral canal for a long time. 6. Supra pubic catheterization is a surgical operating catheterization when urethral catheterization is impossible, is very easy and can decrease risk of infection. 7. After catheterization, for decreasing risk of the infection, a complication of catheterization, it is must be taken precedence, ascetic treatment, constantly management and sterilization, anti-biotic medication. 8. At times, increasing patient of emergency disease, as C.V.A etc., the needing of catheterization of bladder is increasing also for preventing infection and bed sore by ischuria and incontinence of urine. Therefore a specialty knowledge and skill about it is necessary.

향류식 역삼투공정에 의한 상용막의 에탄올 농축 특성에 관한 연구

진병복,이병철,민병렬 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1993 논문집 Vol.25 No.2

0The concentration characteristics for reverse osmosis and countercurrent reverse osmosis process with varing concentration of ethanol solution and applied pressure were investigated in this study. Also, the theoretical value derived for countercurrent reverse osmosis(Osmotic sink reverse osmosis) were compared with the experimental results. In RO and CCRO experiments, three kinds of commercial membrane(TFCL, UOP Co., U.S.A./FT-30, Film Tec Co., U.S.A. / Cellulose Acetate blend, UOP Co., U.S.A.), applied pressure of 3.92, 4.9 MPa and feed concentration of 3.9, 10.2 wt% were used. From the results of this study. DC(Degree of Concentration) of ethanol by TFCL membrane was the highest value of three kinds of membrane, and DC of ethanol by OSRO was the highest value of two types of ethanol concentration process. In addition, DC of OSRO more increased greately than that of RO as applied pressure difference increased. In comparison with experimental and numrical results, the numerical results were accorded with experimental results within 5-13% of error.

소뇌출혈후 신경인성방광으로 배뇨장애를 주소로 한 환자 치험 1例

안정조,최영,조현경,임승민,김민상,오병렬,유병찬,설인찬 대전대학교 한방병원 2002 惠和醫學 Vol.11 No.1

In patients with Cerebral vascular accident, Voiding Dysfunction is very usual, but if with no improvement for a long time, it can cause many complexed-problems as urinarytract injury, infection or inflamation and patients suffering from pain, inconvenience and anxiety. In this case 58-year-old female with Voiding Dysfunction with Neurogenic Bladder after Cerebellum Hemorrhage, for 6 monts there was no interval change on symptom, We prescribed appropeiate herbal medication, and perform acupuncture and moxa. 5 days later after admission in Taejeon Oriental Hospital, The patien was able to have self-voiding and gradually improved. So we report it for the better treatment.

Long pulse beam extraction with a prototype ion source for the KSTAR neutral beam system

Oh, Byung-Hoon,Chang, Doo-Hee,Jeong, Seung Ho,Lee, Kwang-Won,In, Sang-Ryul,Yoon, Byung-Joo,Seo, Min-Seok,Jin, Jung-Tae,Kim, Bum-Ryul,Chang, Dae-Sik,Jung, Ki-Sok,Kim, Jinchoon,Kim, Tae-Seong,Bae, Young American Institute of Physics 2008 Review of scientific instruments Vol.79 No.2

<P>Long pulse operational characteristics of the high current ion source for the KSTAR neutral beam system are described. The beam pulse length of 300 s was successfully operated at a beam power of 1.6 MW with a beam energy of 70 keV. Beam energy, beam current, beam divergence, arc power, and several other operational parameters were measured during a pulse to analyze the long pulse properties. The increase of the cooling water temperature of the accelerator grids and plasma generator components were measured by water flow calorimetric system using thermocouples. The temperature rises of the filament electrodes of the ion source and the G1 grids (plasma grids) of the accelerator turned out to be the critical factors of the long pulse operation in the current system.</P>

마우스의 복벽에서 결합조직에 대한 금속 이식체의 생체적합성 비교

김국렬(Kuk Ryul Kim),이민호(Min Ho Lee),김병일(Byung Il Kim),민병운(Byung Woon Min),김명훈(Myung Hoon Kim),최은상(Eun Sang Choe),조현욱(Hyun Wook Cho) 한국독성학회 2004 Toxicological Research Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study is to compare the biocompatibility of commercial purity Ti, Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy specimens with and without surface treatment in mouse abdominal connective tissue in vivo. Each metal was implanted into specific abdominal subdermal tissue site of female mouse. After 4 weeks, the implants were removed and abdominal tissues were fixed, dehydrated and embedded in glycol methacrylate resin. And the tissues were histologically prepared for microscopical evaluation. It was characterized by the presence of connective tissue with fibrous capsule surrounding the implant. The fibrous tissue surrounding the implant was studied to determine the biocompatibility of implanted metals. The average thickness of the fibrous capsule formed around the implant was much thinner for the hydrogen peroxide added hydrochloric acid solution-treated specimen than for the others. The results of this evaluation indicate that modification of the surface properties<br/> of titanium and titanium alloy implants changes the biological properties in the abdominal connective tissue. In conclusion, these observations suggest that the proper surface treatment performed<br/> in the study is effective for the improvement of biocompatibility.

Development of a High-Current, Long-Pulse Ion Source

Byung-Hoon Oh,Beom Yeol Kim,Byung-Joo Yoon,Dae-Sik Chang,Doo-Hee Chang,Jung-Tae Jin,Kwang-Won Lee,Min-Seok Seo,Sang-Ryul In,Seung Ho Jeong,Jinchoon Kim,Tae-Seong Kim 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.3

A high-current, long-pulse ion source has been developed as a prototype for the neutral beam heating system of the KSTAR tokamak. The ion source was designed to create a 120 keV deuterium beam with a divergence of 1℃ and a proton ratio of 80%. Also, the design considered a long-pulse beam for 300 seconds to support a long-pulse plasma for the KSTAR. The developed ion source was tested with hydrogen beams and the results are as follows: (1) The maximum beam current was 52 A at 100 keV during 2 seconds. (2) The longest beam was a 300-second, 24-A beam at 70 keV. (3) The beam divergence could be controlled to less than 1℃. (4) The proton ratio of the extracted beam was more than 80%. A high-current, long-pulse ion source has been developed as a prototype for the neutral beam heating system of the KSTAR tokamak. The ion source was designed to create a 120 keV deuterium beam with a divergence of 1℃ and a proton ratio of 80%. Also, the design considered a long-pulse beam for 300 seconds to support a long-pulse plasma for the KSTAR. The developed ion source was tested with hydrogen beams and the results are as follows: (1) The maximum beam current was 52 A at 100 keV during 2 seconds. (2) The longest beam was a 300-second, 24-A beam at 70 keV. (3) The beam divergence could be controlled to less than 1℃. (4) The proton ratio of the extracted beam was more than 80%.