靺鞨의 韓半島 南下

徐炳國 光云大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

In the period of Three States, Malgal tribe spreaded over China and Korea. The record of Malgal tribe is numerous in Chinese history book, beside in Korean history book, it is limited only on Samgug Sagi(三國史記) and Samgug Yusa(三國遺事), By reason of it a study on Malgal's operation in Korea was looked away from the historians.. Malgal's activities in the peninsula of Korea was an invasion into paikje(百濟) and silra(新羅). In the age of Lakrang(樂浪) and Taebang(帶方), Paiksan-Malgal(百山靺鞨) invaded Paikje, after the fall of Lakrang, Sokmal-Malgal(粟末靺鞨) invaded Paikje. Paiksan-Malgal's invasion into Paikje was not differ much from Koguryu's(高句麗)it, the latter nation captured the region of the Han river from Faikje without consumption of military force. After the fall of Lakrang, Koguryu became to invade the southern nations directly. At the same time Silra located in eastern corner raised its head and intimidated Paikje, Koguryu and Malgal cooperated paikje, the allied forces invaded Silra. Differently the other day, Koguryu and Paikje entred into the friendly relations. Accordingly Malgal that had invaded Paikje the other day followed the foreign policy of Koguryu was friendly with Paikje, helped it and invaded Silra. It was the evidence that Malgal belonged to Koguryu considently.

Interleukin-1으로 유도된 흰쥐의 급성 폐손상에서 phospholipase A_2의 활성증가

조현국,문병연 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.5 No.1(B)

In order to investigate the pathogenesis of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute lung injury was induced in rats by insufflation of interleukin-1α (IL-1, 50 ㎍/rat) into the trachea. To identify acute edematous lung injury, five hours after IL-1 administration, lung leak index, lung lavage phospholipid content, and lung lavage protein concentrations were measured. In addition, activities of lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) and phospholipase A_2 (PLA_2), and immunocytochemical changes were examined. IL-1 increased lung leak index, phospholipid content in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and BAL protein concentrations. Lung PLA_2 activity was significantly increased by IL-1 administration, compared with control. In an immunocytochemical study, PLA_2 antiserum particles were identified in alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cytoplasm in rats given IL-1 intratracheally. Based on these experimental results, it is suggested that increased PLA_2 activity induced neutrophil-dependent oxidative lung injury and the oxidative lung injury was caused by proinflammatory lipid mediators produced by PLA_2.

대만 정권교체 이후의 독립추진 동향과 중국의 대응전략

우병국 ( Byeong Gug Woo ) 서강대학교 동아연구소 2004 東亞 硏究 Vol.- No.47

한국설화에 미친 중국설화의 영향 -《유양잡조》를 중심으로-

손병국 ( Son Byeong Gug ) 광운대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2003 인문사회과학논문집 Vol.31 No.-

영국의 지방행정계층 구조 개편과정 분석 : 제1장 서론 ; 제1절 연구목적

김병국 ( Kim Byeong Gug ) 한국지방행정연구원 1997 한국지방행정연구원 연구보고서 Vol.282 No.-

남북교류 활성화와 재중동포사회의 역할: 현황, 한계 및 전망

우병국(Woo Byeong-Gug) 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2010 동서연구 Vol.22 No.1

본 연구는 한반도의 평화와 통일과정에 있어서 남북교류 활성화에 대해 재중동포사회가 발휘할 수 있는 역할과 한계 및 장래의 발전 가능성을 기존의 연구 성과와 현지 구술인터뷰자료를 토대로 하여 분석하고 전망해 보는데 그 목적이 있다. 재중동포사회는 중국의 공민이라는 정치적 특성, 그리고 중국 소수민족의 하나라는 한계로 인해 한반도 통일과정에서 공개적이고 단체적인 역할을 하는 데는 명백한 한계가 존재한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 재중 동포사회는 지리적 인접성과 문화적 배경의 동질성 및 인적 유대관계 등에서의 장점으로 인해 타 지역 동포사회들보다 한반도와 밀접한 연계를 맺어 왔고, 지금도 다양한 방법을 통해 개입하고 있다. 재중동포사회의 다수 지식인 들은 한반도의 남북이 획기적인 전환을 이루거나 통일을 맞이하게 될 경우 재중동포사회는 동북아의 중심지로 부상할 수 있게 될 것이며, 자신의 특수한 역할을 발휘하게 될 것으로 기대하고 있다. 조선족사회와 한반도 간에는 상당히 큰 이익구도가 존재하고 있으며, 멀지 않은 장래에 이러한 이익구도는 점점 뚜렷해질 것이라는 인식이다. 남북의 통합에 아직 많은 난관이 가로 놓여있는 상황 하에서 남북교류를 활성화시키고 민족통합을 앞당기기 위해서는 재중동포는 물론 다른 국가, 지역의 재외동포들과 모국의 연계를 강화하 고, 또한 이들이 남북통일 과정에서도 일정한 기여를 할 수 있도록 구체적인 정책들이 추진되어야 할 것이다. 재중동포사회의 역할 확대와 활용을 위한 방안으로는 이상적 구호를 지양하고 동포사회의 안정과 발전을 도모할 수 있는 실질적인 지원이 시급하다. 다만 민족문제는 중국에서 안보문제와 함께 민감한 사안이므로 비정치적 차원에서의 신중한 외교적 접근이 요구된다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the roles, limits, and prospects of Chinese Koreans for the expanding exchanges between South and North Korea on the way to the peaceful unification of Korean peninsula, based on the current researches and oral interview data. Chinese Koreans are politically Chinese citizens and ethnically a minority group and have clear limits in playing an open and collective role in the process of Korean unification. However, compared to other overseas Koreans, Chinese Koreans have the advantages of geographical closeness, cultural homogeneity and consanguinity to Korean peninsula and are engaged in Korean unification in various ways. The intellectuals in Chinese Korean society expect that the Chinese Korean society will rise to the center stage in Northeast Asia and they will play a special role when South and North Korea can make an epochal achievement toward unification. They believe that there is important interest coalition between Chinese Korean society and Korean peninsula and the interest coalition will become clearer in the near future. Though there are many obstacles to Korean unification, it is necessary to strengthen the ties between the homeland Korea and overseas Koreans including Chinese Koreans, and to develop policies for promoting their specific roles for unification. One suggestion for encouraging the Chinese Koreans to expand their roles is to give substantial aids to the stability and development of the Chinese Korean society beyond rhetorical support. But it is advised to make a prudent and diplomatic approach at the non-political level as China regards the ethnic issue as a very sensitive one like a security issue.

특별논단 : 중국의 민족자치지방제도와 연변조선족자치주정부

김병국 ( Kim Byeong Gug ) 대한지방행정공제회 2004 地方行政 Vol.53 No.603

高麗 · 宋 · 遼의 三角貿易攷

徐炳國(Suh Byeong-gug) 백산학회 1973 白山學報 Vol.- No.15

The conflict between the Sung(宋) and Liao(遼) dynasty was terminated with the treaty of Chan-y?an(?淵) in 1004 A.D. Fllowing the treaty, the Sung dynasty concerned herself with the persuit of peace; on the other hand, the Liao dynasty i. e. the empire of the khi tan tribe were dependent on the Sung dynasty for the alleviation of their economical difficulties. The khitan tribe demanded that a common market(互市) be established. The Sung dynasty accessed to this demand in order to control the Liao dynasty economy. Ultimately, the Sling dynasty imposed a partial embargo on products being exported to the Liao dynasty territories. Because of such a policy the Liao dynasty were confronted with continuous economical difficulties. Consequently the Liao dynasty became dependent on the Koryo dynasty with whom she maintained a tenuous alliance. At the same time the Koryo dynasty had traded with the Sung dynasty, which were implicitly recognized by the Liao dynasty. Some goods imported by the Koryo dynasty from the Sung dynasty were later re-exported to the Liao dynasty. although the Sung dynasty policy was to prevent these goods from going to the Liao dynasty. The triangular trading between the dynasties together with the smuggling of prohibeted goods were done mostly by the Sung dynasty merchants. They helped toward solving the economic difficulties of the Liao dynasty. This was especially true in 1085 A.D., when trading between the Sung dynasty and Koryo dynasty, which had temporaly lapsed, but resumed again. With this resumption of trade, the many Sung merchants became involved in large scale smuggling with the Liao dynasty, pretending they were trading with the Koryo dynasty. As a rasult, the Sung dynasty suspended trade with the Koryo dynasty in order to eridicate this contraband trading Consequently, all trading between the Koryo and Sung dynasty was suspended for 4 years between 1090~1093 A. D.

프로축구 관중의 경기장관람 유인요인과 관람만족의 관계

박병국(Park Byeong Gug) 한국스포츠사회학회 2003 한국스포츠사회학회지 Vol.16 No.1

지방분권의 실효성 확보를 위한 도 기능 재조정 방향

김병국 ( Kim Byeong Gug ) 한국지방행정연구원 2003 한국지방행정연구원 연구보고서 Vol.353 No.-