향기요법이 통증을 주소증으로 입원한 환자의 수면장애에 미치는 영향

박수곤 ( Soo Gon Park ),양미성 ( Mi Sung Yang ),김오영 ( Oh Young Kim ),조희근 ( Hee Guen Jo ),최진봉 ( Jin Bong Choi ),김선종 ( Sun Jong Kim ),설재욱 ( Jae Uk Sul ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Objectives :The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of aroma therapy on sleep disorder patients with musculoskeletal pain. Methods :The 44 patients were divided into 2 groups: Experimental group(Exp. group) was treated with aroma therapy and control group was treated except aroma therapy. To evaluate the efficiency of aroma therapy, the Korean sleep scale A(Jin-Joo Oh, Mi-Soon Song, Sin-Mi Kim. 1998) and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied before treatment and after 5 days treatment. Results :1. The Experimental group has improved statistical significance in sleep disorder score as compare to the control group. 2. The improvement of sleep disorder score of Exp.group has difference according to impression. 3. The improvement of sleep disorder has an effect on pain decrease. Conclusions :Aroma therapy has effects of improvement on sleep disorder with musculoskeletal pain.

불국사 복원에 관한 고찰

김봉건 동국대학교 사찰조경연구소 1999 寺刹造景硏究 Vol.7 No.-

The reconstruction of Pulguksa temple is an important project which was first undertaken by ourselves after the 1945 liberation. It was a good example which was executed through necessary procedure like excavation, historical investigation, design and report. Nevertheless, detailed analysis reveals the next problems. First, lack of evidences is a weak point during the whole process because reconstruction should based on evidences. Second, time for design was not sufficient compared to the foreign cases. This is especially true when the project requires careful study of various altematives. Third, targeting period of reconstructed buildings are diversified like Koryo, early Chosin, late Choseon. Thus, Architectural context of Pulguksa temple is not conserved. Forth, the architect, at his own discretion, created new type of wooden bracket at the museljon hall. Fifth, designer changed the shape of wooden bracket without evidences in the case of bumyoungru pavilion. Thus, he climinated signs of the past. Sixth, wooden frame of birojon hall is not rationally designed. Thus, is due to the inconsistence between old plan and frame. Seventh, the mere copying of traditional type without detailed study results in an oppositc effect. in this case. more considerations on the scale of the building should be made. Eighth landscape does not accord to the traditional buddhist temple. Thus it shows us the importances of historical landscape as a whole. The study for reconstructed buildings can widen and deepen the ground for architectural history of Korea. In conclusion, we need to set up the exact concept of reconstruction. And more study for old wooden stucture should be accumulated.

탐구 학습과 STS 관점에서 본 5,6차 과학 교과서의 비교 분석 : 중학(Ⅰ) 교과서의 화학 영역을 중심으로 Reference to the Chemistry Field of Science Textbooks(Ⅰ) in the Middle School

김동백,강대호,구인선,김봉곤 경상대학교 과학교육연구소 1996 科學敎育硏究所報 Vol.16 No.1

This study treats of the comparative analysis of the science textbooks in relation to the inquiry learning ability and STS viewpoint in order to offer some aids that help teaching/learning in class. The major findings of the study are summarized below. 1. The textbooks on the 6th curriculum contain more variety of inquiry process than those on the 5th, which makes students get interested in their learning and get the result of experiments without making experiments. 2. The pictures on the 6th rose 27 percent compared with 5th. It can help students reduce the burden of learning and understand science more easily. 3. The textbooks on the 6th are intended to develop a balanced and varied inquiry ability, while the textbooks on the 5th are rather biased to several items. 4. The textbooks on the 6th have more contents and pictures connected with everyday science than those on the 5th.

混合리간드를 抱合하는 팔라듐(Ⅱ) 錯物의 合成과 結合性質에 關한 硏究

金奉坤,金世奉 慶尙大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.23 No.2

Palladium(Ⅱ) complexes with diamines such as ethylenediamine(en), propylenediamine(pn), cyclohexanediamine(chxn) and trimethylenediamine(tn), and phosphines such as triphenylphosphine, 1,2-bis[(diphenylphosphino) amino] propane that contain phosphines atom as sigma-donor and pi-electron accepter were prepared, and the bond character of ligand for complexes have been investigated by means of infrared and UV-Visible spectroscopy.

직각 벽면에 충돌하는 기체 분류의 혼합특성

김봉곤 동의공업대학 1998 論文集 Vol.24 No.1

This study aims to analyze the mixing characteristics of hydrogen as a new fuel for the internal combustion engine. Helium gas is used in this study, as the physical property of helium gas is similar to hydrogen. Helium gas is injected to a rectangular wall in a stationary atmosphere at the normal temperature, pressure, and turbulent phenomena is picked up. The experimental results for the helium and air mixture are as follows. Helium gas which is injected to the rectangular wall is propagated to the downstream, as a wave form having stagnation. The range of the wave form to radial direction is captured at about 8mm. Helium jet impinging on the rectangular wall is also propagated to the radial direction. The distance which has an effect on the reflection is found to be 10mm from the rectangular wall. Helium jet impinging on the rectangular wall is moved along the surface of the wall, and was developed into a turbulent flow. Diffusion of a helium jet is affected by the pressure of injection, position and the shape of the wall. The increasing ratio of concentration on the unsteady area becomes small and large accordingly as it goes farther or comes near from the wall. The penetration of the jet and the range having an effect to the radial direction of the wall is found to be nearing 20mm distance from axis line of the jet.

흰쥐에서 다시마 식이가 메트폴민의 체내동태 및 당 흡수에 미치는 영향

최한곤,장보현,이종달,김정애,유봉규,용철순 한국약제학회 2003 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.33 No.3

Drug interactions with food, on occasion, led to serious nutritional and functional changes in the body as well as alterations of pharmacological effect. It, therefore, should be necessary to take drug interactions with food into consideration for effective and safe therapeutics. Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by abnormal glucose homeostasis, resulting in hyperglycemia, and is associated with increased risk of microvascular, macrovascular, and neuropathic complications. However, the precise mechanism of diabetes mellitus remins unclear. Three basic objectives in the care of diabetic patients are maintaining optimal nutrition, avoiding hypo-or hyperglycemia and preventing complications. Laminaria japonica is a brown macroalgae which can be used as a functional diet due to high content of diatery fiber. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Laminaria japonica diet on the pharmacokinetics of metformin which are frequently used in the treatment of diabetes. Diabetic rats induced by strep-tozotocin were employed in this study. Blood concentrations of oral hypoglycemic agent, metformin, were measured by HPLC and resultant pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by RSTRIP. The mechanisms of drug interaction with food were evaluated on the basis of pharmacokinetic parameters such as k_(a), t_(1/2), C_(max), t_(max), and AUC, C_(max), and k_(a), and increase in t_(max), compared to those with normal diet. This oral glucose test showed that Laminaria japonica diet could lower blood glucose level probably through either inhibiting the activity of disaccharidases, intestinal digestive enzymes, or delaying the absorption of glucose. More studies should be followed to fully understand pharmacokinetic changes of metformin caused by ong-term Laminaria japonica diet.

프레탈^(R)정(실로스타졸 50mg)에 대한 실로졸^(R)정의 생물학적 동등성

최한곤,권기철,이승호,김학미,박병주,유봉규,이종달,이경희,하정희,우종수,박인숙,최진석,용철순 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.1

Bioequivalence of two cilostazol tablets, the Pletaal^(R)(Korea Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and the Cilozol^(R)(Hanmi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), was evaluated according to the guideline of KFDA, Sixteen normal male volunteers(age 20~29 years old) were divided into two groups and a randomized 22 cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containing 50㎎ of cilostazol were orally administered. blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentration of cilostazol in plasma was determined with an HPLC method using UV detector. The pharmacokinetic parameters(C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t)) were calculated and ANOVA was utilized for the statistical analysis of parameters. The results showed that the differences in C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) between two tablets were 4.99%, 1.74% and 7.68%, respectively. The powers(1-β) for C_(max), T_(max) and AUC_(t) were83.92%, 80.12% and 85.03%, respectively. Detectable differences(Δ) and confidence intervals were all less than 20%, and confidence interval of all the parameters were also less than 20% at the significance level(α) of 0.05. All of these parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Cilozol^(R) tablet is bioequivalent to Pletaal^(R) tablet.

琴湖江 隣近 部落 地下水의 理化學的 所見

蔡龍坤,張鳳基,金斗熙 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1987 慶北醫大誌 Vol.28 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate of physico-chemical status of drinking ground water near by the Gum-ho river basin, from February, 20 to March, 20, 1986. The ground water for testing was sampled 26 sites which are eleven wells, twelve electric pumps, and three simple piped water. Out of 23 kinds of phsico-chemical factors investigated, hydrogen ion, alkalinity, nitrate nitrogen, sulfate, copper, zinc, hexavalent chromium, arsenic, mercury, and lead were within allowable values for drinking. However, total hardness (sites Ⅴ-1 and Ⅵ-1), turbidity(site Ⅴ-2), ammonia nitrogen(site Ⅲ-2), chlorine(sites Ⅲ-2, Ⅲ-4, Ⅳ-1, Ⅴ-1 and Ⅵ-6) iron (site Ⅳ-2), manganese(sites Ⅱ-1 and Ⅲ-2) cadmium(sites Ⅰ-1 and Ⅲ-2), were higher than allowable value. The shorter straight distance from Gum-ho river side to sampling points, the higher concentration of alkalinity, carbon dioxide and sulfate(p<0.05). The concentration of sulfate, arsenic, and lead were negatively correlated with depth of ground water (p<0.05). In comparision of water supplying style and chemical contents; ammonia nitrogen, sulfate, lead, arsenic and mercury were higher in the well water than in the simple piped water(p<0.05). The pollution of ground water was high negative correlation with the distance of contamination sources such as toilet, cattle shed, rice field, etc.

해면질 장골이식을 이용한 치조열의 치료

류재만,김잉곤,엄기일,최봉근 大韓成形外科學會 1993 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.20 No.1

In a complete primary unilateral cleft of the primary and secondary palates, there is frequently a significant bony defect in the maxilla. The most significant skeletal changes in patients with clefts are maxillary retrusion and collapse of the maxillary segment. The alveolar cleft in the disrupted dental arch frequently accentuates facial disfigurement because the anterior maxillary teeth may be malpositioned, malformed, or congenitally absent. Defects or hypoplastic pyriform aperture is a major external factor which causes the unilateral cleft lip nise deformity. It also causes deformities of alar cartilage and nasal tip and septal deviation, which has been well explained with the concept of 'Tilted Tropod' by hogan and Converse in 1971. The reason for closing alveolar clefts with a bone graft is to provide the maxillary arch stability and to create bony matrix through which the teeth can erupt and to construct the plateform of the alar base for improving nasal symmetry. For the closing of the alveolar cleft, an autogenous rib bone, a tibial bone or recently calvarial bone have been used, but serious donor site morbidity and poor source of recently calvarial bone have been used, but serious donor site morbidity and poor source of cancellous bone turned out to be problems. The authors used a cancellous iliac bone graft on 20 patients for the recovery of the alveolar cleft. Of these, 18 patients were in permanent dentition and 2 patients were in mixed dentition. Approximately 95 percent of the authors' patients have undergone successful closure of the alveolar defect and noticed teeth eruption through the grafted bone in all patients who grafted in mixed dentition. We performed external rhinoplasty upon the symmetric aperture corrected with cancellous iliac bone graft and achieved satisfactory aesthetic results, thus we represent our methods and cases with review of the literature.

垂直과 水平平板이 結合된 直角모서리에서의 自然對流

權純錫,金奉坤,柳秉郁 東亞大學校 1988 東亞論叢 Vol.25 No.1

A Study has been conducted experimentally on natural convection heat transfer charact-eristics for various Rayleigh numbers at vertical and horizontal plates with the rectangular corner. The results are as follows: 1) While temperature field is formed by the interaction of the heated fluid between verti-cal and horizontal plate, thermal boundary layer is pulled to the vertical plate near co-rner. 2) In case of constant Rayleigh number, the mean Nusselt number of the vertical plate is 28.8% more than that of the horizontal plate at ??. 3) Local Nusselt number increases at the trailing edge of the vertical plate and the lea-ding edge of the horizontal plate but decreases at the corner combined in vertical and horizontal plates. 4) In the vertical plate, the mean Nusselt number has a similar tendancy, but has 38.5% less than by the results of Schmidt and Beckman's study at ??. 5) In the horizontal plate, the mean Nusselt number has a similar tendancy, but has 38.4%iess than by the results of Rotem and Classen's study at ??.