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The non-actualization meaning in -eya hamodal sentences
( Bokyung Mun ) 한국어의미학회 2022 한국어 의미학 Vol.75 No.-
In this paper, I discuss the non-actualization inference which arises from the interaction between a modal expression -eya ha- and a past tense morpheme. After discussing the general properties of the Korean priority modal -eya ha-, I show that the non-actualization inference we often find in -ess-eya ha- modal sentences does not belong to a traditional classification. By adopting Tonhauser et al.’s (2013) classification which uses a distinction between at-issue and not-at-issue meanings, I show that the non-actualization inference in -ess-eya ha- modal sentences is a not-at-issue entailment. I argue that, in this way, we can differentiate various subclasses of inferences in a unified way.
Mun, Se Hwan,Kim, Hyuk Soon,Kim, Jie Wan,Ko, Na Young,Kim, Do Kyun,Lee, Beob Yi,Kim, Bokyung,Won, Hyung Sik,Shin, Hwa-Sup,Han, Jeung-Whan,Lee, Hoi Young,Kim, Young Mi,Choi, Wahn Soo The Japanese Pharmacological Society 2009 Journal of pharmacological sciences Vol.111 No.1
<P>We investigated whether oral administration of curcumin suppressed type II collagen–induced arthritis (CIA) in mice and its effect and mechanism on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 production in CIA mice, RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), and chondrocytes. CIA in mice was suppressed by oral administration of curcumin in a dose-dependent manner. Macroscopic observations were confirmed by histological examinations. Histological changes including infiltration of immune cells, synovial hyperplasia, cartilage destruction, and bone erosion in the hind paw sections were extensively suppressed by curcumin. The histological scores were consistent with clinical arthritis indexes. Production of MMP-1 and MMP-3 were inhibited by curcumin in CIA hind paw sections and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α–stimulated FLS and chondrocytes in a dose-dependent manner. As for the mechanism, curcumin inhibited activating phosphorylation of protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ) in CIA, FLS, and chondrocytes. Curcumin also suppressed the JNK and c-Jun activation in those cells. This study suggests that the suppression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 production by curcumin in CIA is mediated through the inhibition of PKCδ and the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway.</P>
Menkes 병의 뇌 자기공명 영상 및 자기공명 혈관 조영술의 소견
정소희(So Hee Chung),이문향(Mun Hyang Le),윤혜경(hye Kyung Yoon),김보경(BoKyung Kim),정희정(Hee Jung Chung) 대한소아신경학회 1998 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.6 No.1
저자들은 심한 발달 저하 및 발작을 주소로 방문한 8개월 남아에서 특징적인 머리카락, 혈액, 소견 등을 통해 드문 질환으로 알려진 Menkes 병을 진단하였고 또한 Menkes 병의 특징적인 뇌 자기공명 및 자기공명 뇌혈관 조영술의 소견을 보고하는 바이다. 자기공명 뇌혈관 조영술은 이 병이 의심되는 환아에서 조기 진단을 내릴 수 있는데 도움이 될뿐만아니라 추적 검사시에도 유용할 것으로 사료된다. Menkes disease is an X-linked recessively inherited neurodiegenerative disorder of copper metabolism leading to death in early childhood. This disease is characterized by low serum, liver and brain Cu levels, whereas the Cu content in nearly all other organs is increased. the main clinical features are irregular kinky hair, characteristic face, progressive degeneration of the central nervous system, bone changes, arterial rupture and thrombosis, and instability of temperature. We have experienced a case of Menkes disease in a eight months old male patient, who manifested by seizure, developmental delay, hypotonia, characteristic hair and face along with low lwvels of serum copper and ceruloplasmin. We report the characteristic findings of cranial MRI and MR angiography in this Menke's patient. I n cranial MRI, he showed progressive brain atrophy with subdural hemorrhage and effusion. MR angio-graphy revealed tortuosity of vessels clearly obviating necessity of more invasive conventional arteriography in diagnosis of this disease. This study suggested that cranial MRI and especially MR angiography might be helpful in making early diagnosis of this disease.
Choi Young-Jin,Fan Meiqi,Tang Yujiao,Moon Sangho,Lee Seung-Hyun,Lee Bokyung,Bae Sung Mun,Lee Sang Moo,Kim Eun-Kyung 한국영양학회 2022 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.16 No.4
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common prostate disease and one of the most common chronic diseases caused by aging in men. On the other hand, there has been no research on BPH using Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai (A. distichum). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of A. distichum on BPH. MATERIALS/METHODS A. distichum leaves were extracted with distilled water, 70% ethanol, and 95% hexane as solvents. Subsequently, the inhibitory effects of each A. distichum extract on androgen receptor (AR) signaling were evaluated in vitro. The testosterone-induced BPH model was then used to confirm the efficacy of A. distichum leaves in 70% ethanol extract (ADLE). RESULTS ADLE had the strongest inhibitory effect on AR signaling. A comparison of the activity of ADLE by harvest time showed that the leaves of A. distichum harvested in autumn had a superior inhibitory effect on AR signaling to those harvested at other times. In the BPH rat model, the administration of ADLE reduced the prostate size and prostate epithelial cell thickness significantly and inhibited AR signaling. Subsequently, the administration of ADLE also reduced the expression of growth factors, thereby inactivating the PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS An analysis of the efficacy of ADLE to relieve BPH showed that the ethanol extract grown in autumn exhibited the highest inhibitory ability of the androgen-signaling related factors in vitro. ADLE also inhibited the expression of growth factors by inhibiting the expression of the androgen-signaling related factors in vivo. Overall, ADLE is proposed as a functional food that is effective in preventing BPH.