Germplasm innovation for high-temperature tolerance from traditional rice accessions of Kerala using genetic variability, genetic advance, path coefficient analysis and principal component analysis

Beena R.,Veena V.,Jaslam M. P. K.,Nithya N.,Adarsh V. S. 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.5

Ninety landraces of rice were evaluated for various physio-morphological traits in completely randomized design with two treatment levels, i.e. control and high-temperature stress (3–5 °C) more than the ambient condition with three replications each. The high-temperature stress was induced from panicle initiation to maturity stage by keeping the pots in a temperaturecontrolled green house facility. High values of genotypic coefcient of variability, phenotypic coefcient of variability, heritability and genetic advance were found for the traits number of unflled grains/panicle and number of flled grains/ panicle, indicating the pre-ponderance of additive gene action and, therefore, scope for improvement of the trait through selection. Four principle components were depicted having Eigen value>1 and cumulative variation of 59.84%. Based on the performances of various physio-morphological traits under control and heat stress conditions, we were able to identify Karuthacheera, LN-9956-Vellakaravala (Pavumba) and Pokkali white were recorded the highest number of fertile grains under high temperature.

Analysis of molar flux and current density in the electrodialytic separation of sulfuric acid from spent liquor using an anion exchange membrane

Beena Sheth,Kaushik Nath 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.9

Separation of sulfuric acid from a dilute solution involved a plate and frame type electrodialysis unit using a commercial anion exchange membrane. Experiments were conducted in batch with catholyte concentrations ranging from 1 to 5 wt%. Effect of applied current density, initial catholyte concentration and initial concentration difference of catholyte and anolyte on the molar flux was studied extensively. The maximum molar flux was estimated to be 10.52×10-8 mol cm-2s-1 at 4.45 wt% catholyte concentration and applied current density of 30 mA cm2. Current efficiencies were observed to be 75 to 85% at lower current density, which rose to more than 100% at 20 and 30mA cm2, at equal initial concentration of catholyte and anolyte. Diffusive flux and flux due to membrane potential contributed very less compared to total flux in presence of applied electric current. An equation was developed to predict the practical molar fluxes, which fitted satisfactorily with minor standard deviation. Pristine and used membrane specimens were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Distal Shoe, an Effective Space Maintainer for Premature Loss of Primary Mandibular Second Molar : A Case Report

Beena J.P. 대한임상예방치과학회 2011 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.7 No.4

Mandibular permanent first molars have a mesiocclusal eruption pattern, guided by the distal surface of the primary second molar. If the primary second molar is lost prematurely, the permanent first molar may erupt in a more anterior position leading to midline shifts, space loss and crowding. The distal shoe space maintainer remains an acceptable and effective with an extension subgingivally which serves as a guide for the erupting first molar.

Acidophilic Tannase from Marine Aspergillus awamori BTMFW032

( BeeNa P. S. ),( M. B. Soorej ),( K. K. Elyas. ),( G. Bhat Sarta ),( M. Chandrasekaran ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.10

Aspergillus awamori BTMFW032, isolated from sea water, produced tannase as an extracellular enzyme under submerged culture conditions. Enzymes with a specific activity of 2,761.89 IU/mg protein, a final yield of 0.51%, and a purification fold of 6.32 were obtained after purification through to homogeneity, by ultrafiltration and gel filtration. SDS-PAGE analyses, under nonreducing and reducing conditions, yielded a single band of 230 kDa and 37.8 kDa, respectively, indicating the presence of six identical monomers. A pI of 4.4 and a carbohydrate content of 8.02% were observed in the enzyme. The optimal temperature was found to be 30oC, although the enzyme was active in the range of 5-80oC. Two pH optima, pH 2 and pH 8, were recorded, although the enzyme was instable at a pH of 8, but stable at a pH of 2.0 for 24 h. Methylgallate recorded maximal affinity, and Km and Vmax were recorded at 1.9× 10-3M and 830 ?mol/min, respectively. The impacts of a number of metal salts, solvents, surfactants, and other typical enzyme inhibitors on tannase activity were determined in order to establish the novel characteristics of the enzyme. The gene encoding tannase, isolated from A. awamori, was found to be 1.232 kb, and nucleic acid sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame consisting of 1,122 bp (374 amino acids) of one stretch in the -1 strand. In silico analyses of gene sequences, and a comparison with reported sequences of other species of Aspergillus, indicate that the acidophilic tannase from marine A. awamori differs from that of other reported species.

Health, Hygiene, and Nutrition: A Cause of Concern among Adolescent Girls in Kumaun Uttaranchal

Beena Narayan 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2013 Asian Women Vol.29 No.3

Adolescence is the most important period of transition in life. It requires proper knowledge of health, diet, and hygiene. Lack of timely information and guidance on these matters may cause complications for individuals in adulthood. In less advanced economies, adolescent girls face challenges in identifying their true health and hygiene status. When these issues are not adequately addressed, the adolescent’s self-awareness suffers and health and hygiene-related problems result. Hill regions are no exception to this phenomenon. Consequently, there is a need to understand the barriers that impede adolescents’ awareness of health, nutrition, and hygiene-related issues. These barriers can obstruct adolescent girls from achieving a better life style based on awareness of their future health needs. A survey on health, hygiene and nutrition of adolescent girls was conducted in Nainital district of the Kumaun region in the Indian state of Uttaranchal. The survey results indicate that adolescent girls have inadequate knowledge of physiological changes, sex-related matters, dietary intake, and personal hygiene. Low family income and poor parental education-especially their mother’s low level of education-leave these adolescents especially vulnerable. Almost 50% of the respondents had difficulty with their regular menstrual cycle. They reported that they were embarrassed to discuss menarche. Their hesitancy is due to a conservative family and social system. Age old myths still prevail and traditional practices continue to be followed. In most of the cases, a woman’s first interaction with health professionals was either after marriage or during child birth.

Monitoring of Pesticidal Contamination in Honey

Kumari Beena,Rachna Gulati,T. S. Kathpal 한국양봉학회 2003 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

Bi-objective Test Case Selection using Abstract Snytax Tree and Tree Matching

R. Beena,S. Sarala 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.4

Software testing is a vital activity during software production to detect faults and to guarantee that the software is working properly as per the requirements.Regression testing is an activity that is carried out during the maintenance phase to ensure the quality and reliability after altering the existing version of the software. There are many techniques for performing regression testing. They are re-test all, test case minimization, test case selection and test case prioritization.The aim of this paper is to select a subset of test cases which should be run when there are siginificant changes in the original program. To extract the subset of test cases, a novel method is adopted in this research which uses executable backward static slicing.The program slices are converted into abstract syntax tree and then compared using modified simple tree matching algorithm to obtain the subset of test cases.It is clear from the result obtained that this method is very significant.

Monitoring degradation in concrete filled steel tubular sections using guided waves

Kumari Beena,Sharma Shruti,Sharma Sandeep,Kwatra Naveen 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.19 No.4

Concrete filled steel tubes are extensively applied in engineering structures due to their resistance to high tensile and compressive load and convenience in construction. But one major flaw, their vulnerability to environmental attack, can severely reduce the strength and life of these structures. Degradation due to corrosion of steel confining the concrete is one of the major durability problems faced by civil engineers to maintain these structures. The problem accelerates as inner surface of steel tube is in contact with concrete which serves as electrolyte. If it remains unnoticed, it further accelerates and can be catastrophic. This paper discusses a non-destructive degradation monitoring technique for early detection corrosion in steel tubes in CFST members. Due to corrosion, damage in the form of debonding and pitting occurs in steel sections. Guided ultrasonic waves have been used as a feasible and attractive solution for the detection and monitoring of corrosion damages in CFST sections. Guided waves have been utilized to monitor the effect of notch and debond defects in concrete filled steel tubes simulating pitting and delamination of steel tubes from surrounding concrete caused by corrosion. Pulse transmission has been used to monitor the healthy and simulated damaged specimens. A methodology is developed and successfully applied for the monitoring of concrete filled steel tubular sections undergoing accelerated chloride corrosion. The ultrasonic signals efficiently narrate the state of steel tube undergoing corrosion.

Behaviour of bolted connections in concrete-filled steel tubular beam-column joints

Kumari Beena,Kwatra Naveen,Sharma Shruti 국제구조공학회 2017 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.25 No.4

Many authors have established the usefulness of concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) sections as compression members while few have proved their utility as flexural members. To explore their prospective as part of CFST frame structures, two types of connections using extended end plate and seat angle are proposed for exterior joints of CFST beams and CFST columns. To investigate the performance and failure modes of the proposed bolted connections subjected to static loads, an experimental program has been executed involving ten specimens of exterior beam-to-column joints subjected to monotonically increasing load applied at the tip of beam, the performance is appraised in terms of load deformation behaviour of joints. The test parameters varied are the beam section type, type and diameter of bolts. To validate the experimental behaviour of the proposed connections in CFST beam-column joints, finite element analysis for the applied load has been performed using software ATENA-3D and the results of the proposed models are compared with experimental results. The experimental results obtained agree that the proposed CFST beam-column connections perform in a semi-rigid and partial strength mode as per specification of EC3.

Exogenously applied plant growth regulator protects rice from heat-induced damage by modulating plant defense mechanism

Lakshmi G.,Beena R.,Soni K. B.,Viji M. M.,Jha Uday Chand 한국작물학회 2023 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.26 No.1

This study was undertaken to investigate the efect of biostimulants such as spermidine (1 mM, 2 mM), indole-3-acetic acid (10–3 M, 10–5 M), brassinolide (1 mg/L, 2 mg/L) and boron (50 mg/L, 100 mg/L) on protecting rice plants from heat-induced damage. Two rice genotypes, Nagina 22 (heat tolerant) and Manu Ratna (heat susceptible), primed with biostimulant solution were germinated, 14-day-old seedlings were further foliar sprayed with respective treatment solutions prior to the induction of heat stress (42 °C, 48 h). Heat stress-induced fatal damages to non-biostimulant-treated rice seedlings, whereas biostimulanttreated ones were protected from heat stress-induced damages, marked by lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 coupled with increased levels of seedling vigour index (SVI), chlorophyll and proline contents. Results showed that 1 mM spermidine (Spd) and 10–5 M indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-treated rice seedlings showed increased heat tolerance and were evaluated for its efect at reproductive stage stress in a pot culture study. At the panicle initiation stage, plants were pretreated with 1 mM Spd and 10–5 M IAA followed by the induction of heat stress, keeping it in a temperature-controlled polyhouse (42.1 °C, till the time of harvest). Spd- and IAA-pretreated heat-exposed plants exhibited yield improvement over control by altering physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms. Therefore, we conclude from our results that foliar IAA or Spd applications can be regarded as an agronomic strategy for mitigating the adverse efects of heat stress conditions on rice plants.