Prevention, Identification and Management of Postoperative Hypoparathyroidism

Salvatore Lazzara,Alberto Barbera,Guido Nicola Zanghì,Francesco Freni,Grazia Pagano,Andrea Cogliandolo,Ozer Makay,Gianlorenzo Dionigi 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2018 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.18 No.2

The objective of this article is to detail and present our experience on the incidence and management of parathyroid dysfunction after thyroid surgery. Selective evaluation of original articles and reviews that were retrieved by a PubMed search over the years 1990 to 2018, as well as of the recommendations of medical societies including the American, European and Asian Thyroid/Endocrine Associations. The literature presents several contributions, with controversial results. The recommended management for the diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid dysfunction after bilateral thyroid surgery or recurrent surgery consists of an intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) determination 12–24 hours after surgery and calcium substitution in iPTH <15 pg/mL, no substitution with iPTH ≥15 pg/mL. This procedure is safe for the patient and is accepted by patients and social insurances (for short hospital stay).

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia After Radium-223 Exposure for Prostate Cancer in a Chemotherapy-Naïve Patient

Perrone Salvatore,Ortu La Barbera Elettra,Ottone Tiziana,Capriata Marcello,Passucci Mauro,Filippi Luca,Bagni Oreste,Voso Maria Teresa,Cimino Giuseppe 대한핵의학회 2020 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.54 No.5

223Ra-dichloride is a bone-seeking targeted alpha (α)-emitting approved for bonemetastases in prostate cancer. Here, we report a case of therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (t-APL) following administration of 223Ra, showing some evidence of a causative relationship. A patient with metastatic prostate cancer received therapy with 223Ra, with 6 injections of the radiopharmaceutical at a standard dose of 55 kBq/kg at 4-week intervals for a cumulative administered activity of 26.3MBq. PET/CT with 18F-methylcholine repeated 1 month after the conclusion of 223Ra was negative. After 8 months, he developed pancytopenia and we made a diagnosis of therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (t-APL). We then studied the genomic locations of the breakpoints in the PML and RARA genes, which were at nucleotide positions 1708-09 of PML intron 3, respectively, outside the previously reported Topo II-associated hotspot region. t-APL was cured with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide. The type of PML/RARA rearrangement we identified, in absence of other myelotoxic treatments, is suggestive of a possible direct causal relationship with exposure to 223Ra and warrants further investigations.

Do Child Abuse and Maltreatment Increase Risk of Schizophrenia?

Lucia Sideli,Alice Mule,Daniele La Barbera,Robin M. Murray 대한신경정신의학회 2012 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.9 No.2

IntroductionaaAlthough childhood abuse is a recognised risk factor for depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance misuse, its role in the aetiology of psychotic disorder remained controversial. This is in part because the putative effect of childhood trauma on psychosis has been mostly evaluated by small, cross sectional, uncontrolled studies that raised methodological issues. MethodsaaPapers concerning the association between childhood trauma and psychotic disorders (to November, 2011) were identified using a comprehensive search of PubMed, Psychinfo, and Scopus and analysing reference list of relevant papers. A narrative synthesis was used to summarise results. ResultsaaAn association between childhood abuse and psychotic symptoms was consistently reported by large cross sectional surveys with an effect ranging from 1.7 to 15. However, we cannot conclude that the relationship is causal as lack of longitudinal studies prevent us from fully excluding alternative explanations such as reverse causality. Gender, cannabis use, and depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms appear to moderate the effect of childhood trauma on psychotic disorders. However, specificity of childhood abuse in psychotic disorders and, particularly, in schizophrenia has not been demonstrated. ConclusionaaAlthough the association between childhood abuse and psychosis has been replicated, the etiological role of such early adversity has yet to be fully clarified. So far none of the studies reported support the hypothesis that childhood abuse is either sufficient or necessary to develop a psychotic disorder. It seems likely that any effect of childhood abuse on schizophrenia needs to be understood in terms of genetic susceptibility and interaction with other environmental risk factors. IntroductionaaAlthough childhood abuse is a recognised risk factor for depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance misuse, its role in the aetiology of psychotic disorder remained controversial. This is in part because the putative effect of childhood trauma on psychosis has been mostly evaluated by small, cross sectional, uncontrolled studies that raised methodological issues. MethodsaaPapers concerning the association between childhood trauma and psychotic disorders (to November, 2011) were identified using a comprehensive search of PubMed, Psychinfo, and Scopus and analysing reference list of relevant papers. A narrative synthesis was used to summarise results. ResultsaaAn association between childhood abuse and psychotic symptoms was consistently reported by large cross sectional surveys with an effect ranging from 1.7 to 15. However, we cannot conclude that the relationship is causal as lack of longitudinal studies prevent us from fully excluding alternative explanations such as reverse causality. Gender, cannabis use, and depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms appear to moderate the effect of childhood trauma on psychotic disorders. However, specificity of childhood abuse in psychotic disorders and, particularly, in schizophrenia has not been demonstrated. ConclusionaaAlthough the association between childhood abuse and psychosis has been replicated, the etiological role of such early adversity has yet to be fully clarified. So far none of the studies reported support the hypothesis that childhood abuse is either sufficient or necessary to develop a psychotic disorder. It seems likely that any effect of childhood abuse on schizophrenia needs to be understood in terms of genetic susceptibility and interaction with other environmental risk factors.

Our problems and observations in 3D facial implant planning

Gianmarco Saponaro,Chiara Paolantonio,Giorgio Barbera,Enrico Foresta,Giulio Gasparini,Alessandro Moro 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2022 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.44 No.-

Background: Three-dimensional renderings of two-dimensional computed tomography data have allowed for more precise analysis in the craniofacial field. Design, engineering, architecture, and other industries have paved the way for the manipulation and printing of three-dimensional objects. The usual planning is only carried out based on the bony structures, often without taking into consideration the presence of soft tissues and soft structures. During our practice, we have found ourselves facing the challenge posed by these structures; the aim of this article is to discuss our experience in designing implants presenting our tips and tricks for a better planning leading to an easy and reliable positioning. Case presentation: We have retrieved all patients in 5 years among those who underwent computer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing implant placement in the last 5 years in order to review the eventual problems and the solutions found. A total number of 25 patients were retrieved and, among them, 10 patients were selected, in which planning inaccuracy caused difficulties during implant placement and which then led to induced changes during the planning of similar cases or in which the problems were noted before or during the planning which led to changes in the plan to address those problems. Six of the selected cases were polyetheretherketone facial implants for the correction of residual deformities in malformed or deformed patients. One case was a delayed orbital reconstruction with a titanium implant. Two cases were titanium functional and anatomical reconstruction of the mandible in patients with failed post-oncological reconstructions. There was 1 case with a mandibular ramus complex and hard-to-treat fracture. Conclusions: The planning of the implant mostly relies on hard tissue three-dimensional reconstruction, but it should not be limited at what is immediately evident. A surgeon’s clinical experience should always guide the process, with knowledge of the patient’s anatomy and evaluation of the quality and of the soft tissue response being taken into consideration. The implant should always be tailored not only based on the bone defect and evaluations but also using the patient’s previewed and actual anatomy, evaluating eventual interferences and pitfalls.

Using the design of dynamic experiments to optimize photosynthetic cyanophycin production by Synechocystis sp.

Giulia Trentin,Alberto Bertucco,Christos Georgakis,Eleonora Sforza,Elena Barbera 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.117 No.-

The production of cyanophycin by photosynthetic microorganisms, as a high-value bio-based compound,is getting increasing interest. The aim of this work is to maximize the production of this compound by thecyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. in semi-batch cultivation systems, by applying a data-driven modelingapproach based on the Design of Dynamic Experiments (DoDE) and Response Surface Model (RSM)methodologies. A first set of experiments, carried out inside an initially defined domain, was used to finda preliminary RSM model describing cyanophycin concentration as a function of incident light intensityprofile, temperature, and phosphorus supply profile. The model was then improved, according to an evolutionaryoptimization approach, by carrying out additional experiments in a modified domain, exploitinginformation derived by the initial model. The updated model was used to identify the optimaloperating conditions resulting in maximum cyanophycin concentration at the end of the batch. The cyanophycinconcentration found experimentally (228.2 ± 20.0 mg/L) in these conditions fell within the confidenceinterval of the model prediction. Remarkably, this experimentally obtained value represents asignificant (about 20 %) increase in the cyanophycin production with respect to the highest value foundin the experiments before the optimization step (184.3 ± 0.8 mg/L).

SEX SELLS….OR DOES IT? HOW LGBT SEXUAL IMAGERY INFLUENCES THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LUXURY BRAND ADVERTISEMENTS

Gavin Northey,Rebecca Dolan,Felix Septianto,Patrick van Esch,Michael Barbera 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2019 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2019 No.07

Towards the development of a custom talus prosthesis produced by SLM: design rules and verification

Francesca Danielli,Francesca Berti,Adelaide Nespoli,Martina Colombo,Tomaso Villa,Luigi La Barbera,Lorenza Petrini 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.3

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising technology for the personalized medicine industry, especially in the orthopedic field. It allows the production of prostheses that can fit complex anatomical sites and mimic bone morphology, featuring an external solid shell and an inner trabecular core. The new medical device regulation has recently outlined the need for safety assessment of these particular implants: to the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no defined methodologies to assess the quality of a custom product since each device is intended for single-time use. The goal of the current work is to propose a well-structured pipeline for designing and verifying an AM custom prosthesis: the exemplified case is that for the ankle joint treatment (i.e. talus resurfacing), whose standard solutions are affected by significant failure rates. A comprehensive characterization of the unique features of AM orthopedic implants will be presented, integrating finite element analyses and experiments.

Lower Airway Microbiota and Lung Cancer

Sanchez-Hellin, Victoria,Galiana, Antonio,Zamora-Molina, Lucia,Soler-Sempere, Maria J.,Grau-Delgado, Justo,Barbera, Victor M.,Padilla-Navas, Isabel,Garcia-Pachon, Eduardo The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2019 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.3

This study was aimed at identifying the lower airway microbiota in patients with lung cancer (LC) using protected brush sampling. We enrolled 37 patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy for suspected LC, 26 with LC and 11 with benign diseases. Protected brush specimens were obtained from the contralateral lung and the side of the tumor; these specimens were analyzed by 16S rRNA-based-next-generation sequencing. The results indicated that the biodiversity was not different between groups, and there were no significant differences between the proportion of microorganisms in the tumor and in the contralateral side of patients with LC. In patients with LC, there was a higher abundance of several microorganisms including Capnocytophaga, Haemophilus, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus; whereas, in individuals without LC, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, or Methylobacterium were more abundant. Malignancy could be determined with an accuracy of 70% by isolating Enterococcus, Capnocytophaga, or Actinomyces. Microbispora indicated benignity with a sensitivity of 55%, specificity of 88%, and accuracy of 78%. Lower airway microbiota in patients with LC is fairly similar in both the tumor and contralateral sites. Endobronchial microbiota is different in patients with and without LC, and these differences may have a potential clinical value as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers.

Lower Airway Microbiota and Lung Cancer

( Victoria Sanchez-hellin ),( Antonio Galiana ),( Lucia Zamora-molina ),( Maria J. Soler-sempere ),( Justo Grau-delgado ),( Victor M. Barbera ),( Isabel Padilla-navas ),( Eduardo Garcia-pachon ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.3

This study was aimed at identifying the lower airway microbiota in patients with lung cancer (LC) using protected brush sampling. We enrolled 37 patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy for suspected LC, 26 with LC and 11 with benign diseases. Protected brush specimens were obtained from the contralateral lung and the side of the tumor; these specimens were analyzed by 16S rRNA-based-next-generation sequencing. The results indicated that the biodiversity was not different between groups, and there were no significant differences between the proportion of microorganisms in the tumor and in the contralateral side of patients with LC. In patients with LC, there was a higher abundance of several microorganisms including Capnocytophaga, Haemophilus, Enterococcus, and Streptococcus; whereas, in individuals without LC, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, or Methylobacterium were more abundant. Malignancy could be determined with an accuracy of 70% by isolating Enterococcus, Capnocytophaga, or Actinomyces. Microbispora indicated benignity with a sensitivity of 55%, specificity of 88%, and accuracy of 78%. Lower airway microbiota in patients with LC is fairly similar in both the tumor and contralateral sites. Endobronchial microbiota is different in patients with and without LC, and these differences may have a potential clinical value as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers.

Treatment Decision Making in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma

Giuseppe Navarra,Guido Nicola Zanghì,Francesco Freni,Bruno Galletti,Francesco Galletti,Grazia Pagano,Andrea Cogliandolo,Alberto Barbera,Salvatore Lazzara,Gianlorenzo Dionigi 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2018 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.18 No.2

The objective of this article is to detail the treatment for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). The literature presents only few contributions, with controversial results, about comparison between ‘active surveillance’ and surgery. Hemithyroidectomy is the treatment of choice for PTMC. Thyroidectomy is indicated in cases of multifocality, extrathyroid tumor growth, and familial PTMCs. Active surveillance can only be done under well-defined and controlled conditions. Collected findings and agreements with the patient must be precisely documented, also for medico-legal reasons. An observation of PTMC seems most appropriate for patients >60 years of age. In the case of observation of a PTMC, a lifelong examination of the tumor disease must be carried out, since tumor growth or metastases can still occur after 10–15 years. The follow-up periods for the ‘active surveillance’ proposed from the literature review are too short to conclude this as a real alternative.