Caffeine이 지구성 운동 수행능력에 미치는 영향과 억제성 아미노산에 의하여 활성화되는 이온통로의 조절작용

김은경,김영표,천병옥,이계영,김연정,임백빈,조영욱,김창주,김성수 대한스포츠의학회 1999 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

To investigate the effect and mechanism of caffeine on endurance exercise, two experiments were performed. First, to test caffeine effect on aerobic exercise, 200-300g Sprague-Dawley rats were used and three groups, control group, low caffeine injection group and high caffeine injection group, were divided. Blood smpling by heart puncture were done at rest, after 30 min treadmill exercise, and after maximal exercise. Blood glucose, free fatty acid concentration were detected and following results were obtained. Glucose concentration showed significant difference between groups(p=0.0305) and also significant changes were exhibited between time(p=0.0004). Free fatty acid concentration had no difference between groups. but had significance between times(p=0.00065). Exercise endurance performance time showed significant difference(p=0.02350 in high caffeine injection group compared to control group. In this experiments, endurance exercise capacity was increased by caffeine injection. Therefore, second experiment was performed to investigate the effect of caffeine on ion current induced inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter. GABA and glycine. Single periaqueductal gray neuron was acutely dissociated and nystatin perforated patch clamp was performed under voltage clamping condition. Caffeine evoked outward current in PAG neuron dose dependent manner. 1mM of caffeine application had no response. but 3mM caffeine evoked about 32.5±8.539pA outward ion current and 10mM caffeine evoked about 215.46±19.4pA outward current. 10^-2mM GABA activated Cl￣current and recorded by inward current. Caffeine inhibited GABA activated Cl￣ current concentration dependent manner. 10^-2mM of caffeine had no effect on 1-^-2mM of GABA response. but 10^-1mM caffeine inhibited GABA activated Cl￣ current about 5.74±2.13%, 1mM caffeine inhibited about 17.25±2.70%, 10mM caffeine inhibited GABA response about 45.31±7.71%. 10^-1mM of glycine activated Cl￣ current and also recorded by inward current. Caffeine inhibited glycine activated Cl￣ current concentration dependent manner. 10^-2mM caffeine decreased glycine activated Cl￣ current about 4.61±1.650%, 10^-1mM caffeine decreased about 6.49±2.24%, 1mM caffeine decreased about 26.82±4.27%, and 10mM caffeine decreased glycine response about 94.47±1.39%. These results suggest that caffeine inhibite inhibitory amino acid, GABA and glycine, this response causes excitation of CNS and this seems to be the basic mechanism of increasing effect to aerobic exercise performance by caffeine.

The Influence of Treadmill Exercise Starting Time on Ischemia-induced Apoptosis in the Hippocampus of Gerbils

( Baek Vin Lim ),( Jin Kook Park ),( Hyun Hee Choi ),( Mal Soon Shin ),( Chang Ju Kim ) 한국운동영양학회 2005 Journal of exercise nutrition & biochemistry Vol.9 No.3

Effects of Red Ginseng on 5-Hydroxytryptamine Synthesis and Tryptophan Hydroxylase Expression in the Dorsal Raphe of Exercised Rat

( Baek Vin Lim ) 한국운동영양학회 2003 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.7 No.2

N/A The aqueous extract of red ginseng has traditionally been used as an ergogenic aid for endurance exercise. In the present study, the endurance in treadmill exercise and the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, 5-HT) and level of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), the rate-limiting enzyme of 5-HT synthesis, expression in dorsal raphe of rats were studied following treatment with red ginseng. In exercise groups, Sprague-Dawley rats were put on treadmill running for 30 min per day for 4 consecutive days. The speed of the treadmill used for measurement of the time to exhaustion was 20 m/min, the presumed equilibrium speed of running for the rats. In order to clarify the ergogenic mechanism of red ginseng, its effect of red ginseng on 5-HT synthesis and TPH expression in the dorsal raphe was investigated via immunohistochemistry in this study. Rats receiving red ginseng showed ncreased time to exhaustion for treadmill running, and red ginseng theatment inhibited exercise-induced increases n 5-HT synthesis and the expression of tryptophan hydroxylase in the dorsal raphe. These results suggest that the suppressive effect of red ginseng on 5-HT synthesis n the dorsal raphe during exercise is a possible ergogenic mechanism of red ginseng.

Treadmill exercise increases central 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis and tryptophan hydroxylase expression and reduces depressive-like symptom in methimazole-induced hypothyroidism rat pups

( Baek Vin Lim ),( Tae Soo Kim ),( Mal Soon Shin ) 한국운동영양학회 2013 Journal of exercise nutrition & biochemistry Vol.17 No.3

Depression is one of the most common psychiatric symptoms in hypothyroidism. Depression following hypothyroidism is closely associated with reduced activity of the serotonergic system. Physical exercise has positive effects for mental diseases such as depression. In the present study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on the depressive-like symptom, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) expression in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the rat pups with hypothyroidism. On the day of perinatal 14, pregnant rats were divided into two groups (n = 5 in each group): the pregnant control group and the pregnant methimazole (MMI)-treated group. For the induction of hypothyroidism in the rat pups, MMI was added to the drinking water, from the day of perinatal 14 to postnatal 49. After delivery, male rat pups born from the pregnant control group were assigned to the control group. Male rat pups born from the MMI-treated group were divided into the hypothyroidism-induction (HI) group and the hypothyroidism-induction with treadmill exercise (HIT) group (n = 10 in each group). The rat pups in the exercise group were forced to run on a treadmill for 30 min once a day for 4 weeks, starting on postnatal day 22. In the hypothyroidism-induced rat pups,5-HT synthesis and TPH expression was reduced in the dorsal raphe nucleus. Treadmill exercise alleviated hypothyroidism-induced depressive state by enhancing serotonergic related genes. These results suggest that treadmill exercise can be used as a therapeutic agent for hypothyroidism patients with depression.

Bee Venom Suppresses Ischemia-induced Increment of Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation in Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus

Baek Vin Lim,Choong Yeol Lee,Jin Oh Kang,Chang Ju Kim,Sonhae Cho 한의병리학회 2004 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.18 No.1

고온과 저온 환경에서의 트레드밀 운동이 흰쥐 해마에서 c-Fos 발현과 비복근에서의 HSP 70 발현에 미치는 영향

임백빈(Baek-Vin Lim) 한국생활환경학회 2009 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.16 No.6

In the present study was to examine the effect of treadmill exercise under heat and cold stress conditions on c-Fos expression in the hippocampus and HSP 70 expression in the gastrocnemius muscle. c-Fos expression represents neuronal activity and plays a crucial role in the brain development. Physical exercise is known to enhance neuronal plasticity and activity. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70) is the best characterized stress-responsive gene with enhanced expression and thought to be a protective factor against environmental stress in a cell. For this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250±10 g (7 weeks in age) were used. The rats were randomly divided into six groups (n=10 in each group): the control in 4℃ group, the exercise in 4oC group, the control in 22℃ group, the exercise in 22℃ group, the control in 35℃ group, and the exercise in 35℃ group. The environmental temperature at 22℃ set as the normal conditions, 4℃ was as the cold stress conditions and 35℃ was as the heat stress conditions. In the cold conditions, the temperature was 4oC with relative humidity 40%. In the normal conditions, the temperature was 22℃ with relative humidity 40%. In the heat stress conditions, temperature was 35℃ with relative humidity 20%. Animals were sacrificed immediately after finishing the last session of treadmill exercise on the 5 weeks of the experiment. The present results showed that exposure under normal, cold and heat stress conditions exerted no signifiant effect on the c-Fos expression. However, the c-Fos expression in the hippocampus was increased by treadmill exercise, showing that cold stress and heat stress acted as the decreasing factor of c-Fos. The HSP 70 expression in the gastrocnemius was increased by treadmill exercise for 5 weeks under normal, cold and heat conditions, however, the increasing of HSP 70 was not appeared that exposure under the cold and heat stress conditions. The present study revealed that treadmill exercise exerted improvement effect on impairment of environmental stress through enhancing of c-Fos and increasing of HSP 70.

Ginseng radix Increases Cell Proliferation in Dentate Gyrus of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes

LIM, Baek-Vin,SHIN, Min-Chul,JANG, Mi-Hyeon,LEE, Taeck-Hyun,KIM, Young-Pyo,KIM, Hyun-Bae,LEE, Kwang-Sik,KIM, Hong,KIM, Ee-Hwa,KIM, Chang-Ju WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2002 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2002 No.-

Ginseng radix, the root of Panax Ginseng C. A. Meyer(Araliaceae), is one of the most famous Oriental medical herbs with various therapeutic applications. Aqueous extract of Ginseng radix has been used to treat a wide variety of dis-eases including anemia, diabetes mellitus, insomnia with neurasthenia, gastrntis, abnormality in blood pressure, dys-pepsia, overstrain, and fatigue Ginseng radix is known to possess various pharmacological effects, including hypoten-sive, cardiotonic, sedative, aphrodisiac, anti-aging, and anti-oxidant activities. Ginseng radix has also been used to re-store and enhance well-being in Oriental medicine, and these effects are described as increasing resistance against noxious or stressful influences without impairing physiological func-tions. In addition, it has been reported that Ginseng radix improves the learning capacities of animals.

Bee Venom Suppresses Ischemia-induced Increment of Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation in Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus

Lim Baek Vin,Lee Choong Yeol,Kang Jin Oh,Kim Chang Ju,Cho Sonhae The Physiological Society of Korean Medicine and T 2004 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Cerebral ischemia resulting from transient or permanent occlusion of cerebral arteries leads to neuronal cell death and eventually causes neurological impairments. Bee venom has been used for the treatment inflammatory disease. In the present study, the effects of bee venom on apoptosis and cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus following transient global ischemia in gerbils were investigated using immunohistochemistry for cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), caspase-3, and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). It was shown that apoptotic cell death and cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus were significantly increased following transient global ischemia in gerbils and that treatment of bee venom suppressed the ischemia-induced increase in apoptosis and cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus. The present results also showed that 1 mg/kg bee-venom treatment suppressed the ischemia-induced increasing apoptosis, cell proliferation, and COX-2 expression in the dentate gyrus. It is possible that the suppression of cell proliferation is due to the reduction of apoptotic cell death by treatment of bee venom. In the present study, bee venom was shown to prosses anti-apoptotic effect in ischemic brain disease, and this protective effect of bee venom against ischemia-induced neuronal cell death is closely associated with suppression on caspase-3 expression.

수영운동이 쥐의 해마 치상회 세포생성에 미치는 영향

임백빈(Baek Vin Lim),박진국(Jin Kook Park),장명제(Myoung Jei Chang),신말순(Mal Soon Shin),김창주(Chang Ju Kim) 한국사회체육학회 2004 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.21

수영 운동이 쥐의 해마 치상회에 세포 생성에 미치는 영향을 5-bromo-2`-deoxyuridine(BrdU) 면역 조직화학법을 이용하여 연구하였다. 첫 번째 실험에서 수영 운동집단은 1분 수영군, 5분 수영군, 10분 수영군, 20분 수영군으로 나누어 3일간 수영운동을 실시하였다. 두 번째 실험은 1일 수영군, 3일 수영군, 7일 수영군, 14일 수영군으로 분류하여 1일 10분씩 수영운동을 실시하였다. 본 실험의 결과, 10분간의 수영 운동이 치상회의 세포생성을 가장 효과적으로 증가시켰으며, 또한 7일간의 수영 운동이 세포생성을 가장 많이 시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 미루어보아 수영운동이 치상회의 세포생성을 증가시키는 운동요법으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

수영이 흰쥐 해마 치상회에서 산화질소합성효소의 발현에 미치는 영향

임백빈 ( Baek Vin Lim ),박진국 ( Jin Kook Park ) 한국운동영양학회 2004 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.8 No.3

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of swimming on nitric oxide synthase expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The male SD rats weighing 250±10 g (6 weeks old) were used in the experiment. In the first part of the experiment (involving session duration-dependence swimming), the rats were divided into five groups to investigate an optimum duration of swimming exercise for the prevention of the NO-dependent neuronal damage: control group, 1-min-swimming group, 5-min-swimming group, 10-min-swimming group, and 20-min-swimming group (n = 10 in each group). In the second part of the experiment (involving training duration-dependence swimming), the rats were divided into five groups: control group to investigate an optimum program of swimming training for the prevention of the NO-dependent neuronal damage, I-day-swimming group, 3-day-swimming group, 7-day-swimming group, and 14-day-swimming group (n = 10 in each group). The rats in the session duration-dependence swimming groups were made to swim for 1 min, 5 min, 10 min, and 20 min once a day for 3 consecutive days, respectively. The rats in the program duration-dependence swimming groups were made to for 10 min once a day for 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days, respectively. The swimming apparatus consisted of a swimming pool with 60 cm in height and 120 cm in diameter, which was filled with water at a temperature of 30-32℃ up to 45 cm from the bottom. With respect to the session-duration-dependence swimming groups. the two swimming groups of 10 min or longer duration significantly decreased the number of NADPH-d-positive cells in the dentate gyrus compared to either the control group (p = 0.001) or the I -min swimming group (p = 0.001) or the 5-min swimming group (p = ??). With respect to the program-duration swimming groups, all the swimming groups regardless of its training frequencies had significantly decreased NADPH-d-positive cells in the dentate gyrus compared to the control group (p = 0.03). In conclusion, these results of the current study suggest that a single bout of swimming lasting longer than 10 min, regardless of its frequency, may be an effective means for the prevention of NO-dependent neuronal damage.