Chemical constituents and antihepatotoxic effect of the berries of Juniperus Phoenicea Part II

Maha Aboul-Ela1,*,,Nagwa El-Shaer1, and,Tarek Abd El-Azim2 한국생약학회 2005 Natural Product Sciences Vol.11 No.4

Phytochemica investigation of the berries of Juniperus phoenicea led to the isolation of 4 compounds,namely; scutellarin, isoscutellarin, shikimic acid and the new palmitoyl lactone derivative 16-hydroxy palmitic-1,16-olide. This is the first report for the occurrence of these compounds in the species grown in Libya. Theidentification of the isolated compounds was based on the application of different spectroscopic techniques. Inaddition, the antihepatotoxic effect of the aqueous decoction of the berries was investigated..

Damage detection of railway bridges using operational vibration data: theory and experimental verifications

Azim, Md Riasat,Zhang, Haiyang,Gul, Mustafa Techno-Press 2020 Structural monitoring and maintenance Vol.7 No.2

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on a vibration-based damage identification framework for a steel girder type and a truss bridge based on acceleration responses to operational loading. The method relies on sensor clustering-based time-series analysis of the operational acceleration response of the bridge to the passage of a moving vehicle. The results are presented in terms of Damage Features from each sensor, which are obtained by comparing the actual acceleration response from the sensors to the predicted response from the time-series model. The damage in the bridge is detected by observing the change in damage features of the bridge as structural changes occur in the bridge. The relative severity of the damage can also be quantitatively assessed by observing the magnitude of the changes in the damage features. The experimental results show the potential usefulness of the proposed method for future applications on condition assessment of real-life bridge infrastructures.

Nutritional Evaluation of Fodder Tree Leaves with Goats

Azim, A.,Khan, A.G.,Ahmad, J.,Ayaz, M.,Mirza, I.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.1

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of common fodder tree leaves with goats fed at 50% of total ration. In experiment 1, leaves from six fodder tree species i.e., Ailanthus aitissima, Elaeagnus angustifolic, Morus alba (Mulberry), Populus spp, Robina pseudoacacia and Salix babylonia were harvested in spring and winter from northern areas of Pakistan. Chemical composition and apparent in situ dry matter digestibility (DMD) of fodder tree leaves were measured. Results showed that crude protein (CP) values were higher (p<0.05) in all the species during spring compared to winter (17.9% vs 12.0%). The concentration of NDF in Elaeagnus and Robinia was higher in spring, whereas no seasonal difference was found in other species. In situ DMD was higher (p<0.05) in Ailanthus and Populus at spring while it was higher (p<0.05) in Elaeagnus, Mulberry and Robinia at winter. There was no (p<0.05) seasonal effect on in situ DMD of Salix. In experiment II, four iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric rations viz., A, B, C and D were prepared containing 50% (winter harvested) sun dried leaves of Salix, Robinia, Mulberry and Elaeagnus, respectively and 50% concentrate. Dry matter and crude protein intakes were higher (p<0.05) given ration A (Salix) whereas DM and CP digestibility was lowest (p<0.05) given ration B. Nitrogen retention was higher (p<0.05) given ration A. Goats fed on fodder tree leaves and concentrate showed moderate intake and digestibility.

MAP : A Balanced Energy Consumption Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Azim, Mohamed Mostafa A. Korea Information Processing Society 2010 Journal of information processing systems Vol.6 No.3

Network lifetime is a critical issue in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In which, a large number of sensor nodes communicate together to perform a predetermined sensing task. In such networks, the network life time depends mainly on the lifetime of the sensor nodes constituting the network. Therefore, it is essential to balance the energy consumption among all sensor nodes to ensure the network connectivity. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient data routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. Contrary to the protocol proposed in [6], that always selects the path with minimum hop count to the base station, our proposed routing protocol may choose a longer path that will provide better distribution of the energy consumption among the sensor nodes. Simulation results indicate clearly that compared to the routing protocol proposed in [6], our proposed protocol evenly distributes the energy consumption among the network nodes thus maximizing the network life time.

NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF MAIZE FODDER AT TWO DIFFERENT VEGETATIVE STAGES

Azim, A.,Naseer, Z.,Ali, A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1989 Animal Bioscience Vol.2 No.1

Different fractions of maize plant and whole mixed fodder were analysed for their chemical composition and dry matter digestibility (DMD). Highest crude protein (CP) values were found in leaves as compared to the other portions. Younger plants contained more CP as compared to the matured ones. The crude fiber (CF) content of various fractions of the plant ranged between 19.12 to 35.60% with maximum values in the bottom portion of the stem. Matured plants contained more CF. The analysis of cell wall constituents indicated that the maximum values for neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were found in the bottom portion and in the whole mixed plant. The highest levels of acid detergent fiber (ADF) were observed in bottom fraction followed by whole mixed plant, whereas the other plant fractions did not show any differences. Variation in acid detergent lignin (ADL) values existed in different fractions of the plant and the lowest were in the top portion of the stem. Although there existed a variation in the mineral composition of different fractions of the plants, the results were non significant. Maximum DMD was found in leaves followed by the whole mixed plant, middle and bottom portion of the stem. The values of DMD were higher in younger plants as compared to the matured ones. It may be concluded that younger plants and the upper portion of the plants have a higher nutritive value as compared to the matured plants and lower portion of the plants.

EFFECT OF UREA SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF OAT SILAGE

Azim, A.,Nadeem, M.A.,Khan, A.G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.1

Silages were prepared with different ratios of oat and wheat straw 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80, and 0:100 with or without urea supplementation and were ensiled for 60 days in air tight polyethylene bags and kept at room temperature. Results showed that dry matter loss was maximum in 100% oat silage and it decreased as the ratio of wheat straw increased. There was a significant difference in crude protein value of the silages prepared by different ratios of oat and wheat straw. Addition of urea significantly increased the crude protein and decreased the crude fibre value. Silage made with urea supplementation were well fermented as indicated by higher value of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and lower value of residual carbohydrates. Maximum VFA concentrations were observed in 60:40 oat-wheat straw silages. The value of enzyme soluble organic matter (ESOM) was high in all the urea supplemented silages as compared to without urea and maximum value was found in 60:40 oat-wheat straw combination.

Metallurgical Assessment of Novel Mg–Sn–La Alloys Produced by High‑Pressure Die Casting

Azim Gökçe 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.7

Mg alloys containing Al are widely used for industrial applications, but the use of these alloys as an automotive part is limiteddue to the low melting temperature of the Mg17Al12intermetallic phase. Therefore, magnesium alloys without aluminumthat can withstand higher operating temperatures are of interest to the automotive industry. The objective of this work is todevelop Al-free Mg alloys for industrial applications. In the current work, four types of alloys were produced with varyingLa contents. The high-pressure die casting method was selected to overcome the problems inherent in the gravity castingmethod with respect to the production of parts with complex shapes and thin walls. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed thatthe base alloy (Mg–5Sn wt%) comprises of α-Mg and Mg2Snphases whereas La containing alloys included intermetallicphases such as LaMg3,Mg17La2,and La5Sn3. Corresponding grain sizes of the alloys with La are lower than those of theMg5Sn alloy. Due to this lower grain size and emerging dispersoids, the tensile strength of the Mg5Sn4La alloy (205 MPa)is roughly double that of Mg5Sn. Moreover, the addition of the 4% wt. La to the Mg5Sn alloys led to an increase in yieldstrength and ductility by 25% and 50%, respectively.

The Level of ELMS Success in Satisfying Students at Al-Jouf University During the Corona Crisis

Azim, Zeinab M. Abdel,Shahin, Osama R.,Khalaf, Mohamed H. Ragab,Taloba, Ahmed I. International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.2

The current research attempts to measure the level of the acceptance of the Blackboard System (BBS) during the Corona crisis, and whether this is one of the reasons for the low use of the BBS at Al-Jouf University. To achieve this, the technology accepting model in the time of crisis (TAMTC) has been proposed to measure the degree of acceptance by students, which was then applied to a random sample of 339 of such. The results show a high level of student acceptance, despite their lower use of the system. The research also highlights the importance of upgrading e-courses and that the discontinuation of exam disqualification of students is secondary to their poor course attendance.

Influence of Maize and Cowpea Intercropping on Fodder Production and Characteristics of Silage

Azim, A.,Khan, A.G.,Nadeem, M.A.,Muhammad, D. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.6

A study was conducted to examine the influence of maize (Zea mays) and cowpea (Vigna unguniculata) intercropping on fodder biomass production and silage characteristics. Maize fodder was cultivated alone and intercropped with cowpea at seed ratio of 85:15 and 70:30. Fodder was harvested at heading stage (at about 35% dry matter). The data indicated significant increase in biomass and crude protein production of maize intercropped with cowpea at seed ratio 70:30 followed by seed ratio 85:15 as compared to maize alone. However, no (p>0.05) difference was observed in TDN production among the three treatments. Four types of silages from, I) maize alone, II) maize and cowpea (85:15), III) maize and cowpea (70:30) and IV) maize supplemented with 2.5% urea were prepared. After 60 days of ensiling period, silage samples were analysed for proximate composition and fermentation characteristics. Crude protein and lactic acid values of silages I, II, III and IV were 8.52, 9.82, 14.90 and 13.96% and 9.00, 9.38, 10.86 and 7.43%; respectively. In situ dry matter digestibility was maximum in silage III followed by silages II, IV and I. The results suggested that intercropping of maize and cowpea at seed ratio 70:30 increased fodder production and produced quality silage.

Variants of Spray and Forwarding Scheme in Delay Tolerant Networks

AZIM, Mohammad Abdul,SHAH, Babar,KIM, Beom-Su,KIM, Kyong Hoon,KIM, Ki-Il 'Institute of Electronics, Information and Communi 2017 IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS - Vol.100 No.10

<P>Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) protocols based on the store-and-carry principle off er useful functions such as forwarding, utility value, social networks, and network coding. Although many DTN protocol proposals have been offered, work continues to improve performance. In order to implement DTN functions, each protocol introduces multiple parameters; their performance is largely dependent on how the parameter values are set. In this paper, we focus on improving spray and wait (S&W) by proposing a communication protocol named a Spray and AHP-GRA-based Forwarding (S&AGF) and Spray and Fuzzy based Forwarding (S&FF) scheme for DTN. The proposed protocols include a new forwarding scheme intended to extend network lifetime as well as maintain acceptable delivery ratio by addressing a deficiency in existing schemes that do not take energy into consideration. We choose the most suitable relay node by taking the energy, mobility, measured parameters of nodes into account. The simulation-based comparison demonstrates that the proposed S&AGF and S&FF schemes show better balanced performance level in terms of both delivery ratio and network lifetime than original S&W and its variants.</P>