AZD1208, a Pan-Pim Kinase Inhibitor, Has Anti-Growth Effect on 93T449 Human Liposarcoma Cells via Control of the Expression and Phosphorylation of Pim-3, mTOR, 4EBP-1, S6, STAT-3 and AMPK

Yadav, Anil Kumar,Kumar, Vinoth,Bailey, David Bishop,Jang, Byeong-Churl MDPI 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.2

<P>Overexpression of Pim kinases has an oncogenic/pro-survival role in many hematological and solid cancers. AZD1208 is a pan-Pim kinase inhibitor that has anti-cancer and anti-adipogenic actions. Here, we investigated the effects of AZD1208 on the growth of 93T449 cells, a differentiated human liposarcoma cell line. At 20 µM, AZD1208 was cytotoxic (cytostatic) but not apoptotic, reducing cell survival without DNA fragmentation, caspase activation or increasing cells in the sub G1 phase; known apoptotic parameters. Notably, AZD1208 reduced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) in 93T449 cells. STAT-3 inhibition by AG490, a JAK2/STAT-3 inhibitor similarly reduced cell survival. AZD1208 down-regulated phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ribosomal S6 while up-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF-2α). In addition, AZD1208 induced a LKB-1-independent AMPK activation, which was crucial for its cytostatic effect, as knock-down of AMPK greatly blocked AZD1208s ability to reduce cell survival. AZD1208 had no effect on expression of two members of Pim kinase family (Pim-1 and Pim-3) but inhibited phosphorylation of 4EBP-1, a downstream effector of Pim kinases. Importantly, a central role for Pim-3 in the actions of AZD1208 was confirmed by knock-down, which not only reduced 93T449 cell survival but also led to the inhibition of 4EBP-1, mTOR, eIF-2α and STAT-3, along with the activation of AMPK. In summary, this is the first report demonstrating that AZD1208 inhibits growth of liposarcoma cells and that this activity is mediated through Pim-3 kinase, STAT-3, mTOR, S6 and AMPK expression and phosphorylation pathways.</P>

Optimal Speed Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Anil Kumar Yadav,Prerna Gaur,Shyama Kant Jha,J. R. P. Gupta,A. P. Mittal 전력전자학회 2011 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.11 No.4

The main objective of this paper is to control the speed of Nonlinear Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) by controlling the throttle position. Various control techniques such as well known Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller in conjunction with state feedback controller (SFC) such as Pole Placement Technique (PPT), Observer Based Controller (OBC) and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) Controller are designed. Some Intelligent control techniques e.g. fuzzy logic PD, Fuzzy logic PI along with Adaptive Controller such as Self Organizing Controller (SOC) is also designed. The design objective in this research paper is to provide smooth throttle movement, zero steady-state speed error, and to maintain a Selected Vehicle (SV) speed. A comparative study is carried out in order to identify the superiority of optimal control technique so as to get improved fuel economy, reduced pollution, improved driving safety and reduced manufacturing costs.

Chemical composition, antioxidant potential and cyto-protecting activity of essential oil of Liriodendron tulipifera L. leaves

Yadav, Anil Kumar,Kim, Sang Ho,Kang, Sun Chul The Korea Association of Herbology 2015 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives : The present study was under taken to characterize chemical composition, antioxidant and cyto-protecting capacity of essential oil obtained from leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera L. Methods : Essential oil from the leafof L. tulipifera L. (EOLL) was extracted by hydro-distillation process and further its chemical composition was evaluated by GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the EOLL was determined by DPPH ^●, ABTS ^●+, superoxide and nitric oxide free radical scavenging activity using different concentrations in the range of 50-800 μg/mL. In addition, cyto-protecting property of the EOLLwas determined by MTT assay on Raw 264.7 macrophage cells challenged with hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂ ). Results : The result of GC-MS analysis showed presence of 34 volatile compounds, principally germacrene D, spathulenol, and α -cadinol in EOLL. The in vitro antioxidant assays of EOLL at the highest used concentration of 800 μg/mL showed 81.62, 84.29, 83.59 and 58.59% inhibition of DPPH ^●, ABTS ^●+, superoxide, and nitric oxide radicals, respectively. It also showed ferric reducing ability with 1310.04 mM Fe (II)/g of essential oil. The EOLL at three different concentrations (200, 400 and 800 μg/mL) protected the cells from H ₂ O ₂ -induced cell damage through scavenging intracellular ROS. Conclusion : The findings from the study suggest that essential oil isolated from leaves of L tulipifera L. is a potent sources of natural antioxidants, which could be used to treat the diseases associated with oxidative stress condition.

Optimal Speed Control of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Yadav, Anil Kumar,Gaur, Prerna,Jha, Shyama Kant,Gupta, J.R.P.,Mittal, A.P. The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2011 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.11 No.4

The main objective of this paper is to control the speed of Nonlinear Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) by controlling the throttle position. Various control techniques such as well known Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller in conjunction with state feedback controller (SFC) such as Pole Placement Technique (PPT), Observer Based Controller (OBC) and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) Controller are designed. Some Intelligent control techniques e.g. fuzzy logic PD, Fuzzy logic PI along with Adaptive Controller such as Self Organizing Controller (SOC) is also designed. The design objective in this research paper is to provide smooth throttle movement, zero steady-state speed error, and to maintain a Selected Vehicle (SV) speed. A comparative study is carried out in order to identify the superiority of optimal control technique so as to get improved fuel economy, reduced pollution, improved driving safety and reduced manufacturing costs.

Chemical composition, antioxidant potential and cyto-protecting activity of essential oil of Liriodendron tulipifera L. leaves

( Anil Kumar Yadav ),( Sang Ho Kim ),( Sun Chul Kang ) 대한본초학회 2015 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Objectives: The present study was under taken to characterize chemical composition, antioxidant and cyto-protecting capacity of essential oil obtained from leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera L. Methods: Essential oil from the leafof L. tulipifera L. (EOLL) was extracted by hydro-distillation process and further its chemical composition was evaluated by GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant potential of the EOLL was determined by DPPH, ABTS+, superoxide and nitric oxide free radical scavenging activity using different concentrations in the range of 50-800 μg/mL. In addition, cyto-protecting property of the EOLLwas determined by MTT assay on Raw 264.7 macrophage cells challenged with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Results: The result of GC-MS analysis showed presence of 34 volatile compounds, principally germacrene D, spathulenol, and α-cadinol in EOLL. The in vitro antioxidant assays of EOLL at the highest used concentration of 800 μg/mL showed 81.62, 84.29, 83.59 and 58.59% inhibition of DPPH, ABTS+, superoxide, and nitric oxide radicals, respectively. It also showed ferric reducing ability with 1310.04 mM Fe (II)/g of essential oil. The EOLL at three different concentrations (200, 400 and 800 μg/mL) protected the cells from H2O2-induced cell damage through scavenging intracellular ROS. Conclusion: The findings from the study suggest that essential oil isolated from leaves of L tulipifera L. is a potent sources of natural antioxidants, which could be used to treat the diseases associated with oxidative stress condition.

Antioxidant and Oxidative DNA Damage Protection Potential of Methanol Extract of Red Tea Stem

Anil Kumar Yadav,Sun Chul Kang 경북대학교 농업생명과학대학 2013 Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences Vol.31 No.2

This study was undertaken to determine free radical scavenging capacity and oxidative DNA damage protecting activity of methanol extract of red tea stem. The extract was subjected to assess their antioxidant potential using various in vitro systems such as DPPH·, ABTS·+ , super oxide and nitric oxide free radicals and it exhibited IC50 values of 68.88 ± 1.1, 12.08 ± 0.65, 404.38 ± 1.6, 93.6 ± 2.7, µg/mL respectively. Red tea extract also showed ferric reducing ability (FRAP) with 2606.85 mmol Fe (II)/g of extract. Furthermore, Methanol extract of red tea stem showed significant DNA damage protecting activity in concentration dependent manner against H2O2+UV induced photolysis on pUC19 plasmid DNA. Results of this study showed that the methanol extract of Red Tea stem has strong antioxidant potential along oxidative DNA damage protecting capacity that would be the significant sources of natural antioxidants, which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress generated diseases. Further study is necessary for isolation and characterization of the active antioxidants, which may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

Antioxidant and Oxidative DNA Damage Protection Potential of Methanol Extract of Red Tea Stem

Yadav, Anil Kumar,Kang, Sun Chul Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology 2013 慶北大農學誌 Vol.31 No.2

This study was undertaken to determine free radical scavenging capacity and oxidative DNA damage protecting activity of methanol extract of red tea stem. The extract was subjected to assess their antioxidant potential using various in vitro systems such as $DPPH^{\bullet}$, $ABTS^{{\bullet}+}$, super oxide and nitric oxide free radicals and it exhibited $IC_{50}$ values of $68.88{\pm}1.1$, $12.08{\pm}0.65$, $404.38{\pm}1.6$, $93.6{\pm}2.7{\mu}g/mL$ respectively. Red tea extract also showed ferric reducing ability (FRAP) with 2606.85 mmol Fe (II)/g of extract. Furthermore, Methanol extract of red tea stem showed significant DNA damage protecting activity in concentration dependent manner against $H_2O_2+UV$ induced photolysis on pUC19 plasmid DNA. Results of this study showed that the methanol extract of Red Tea stem has strong antioxidant potential along oxidative DNA damage protecting capacity that would be the significant sources of natural antioxidants, which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress generated diseases. Further study is necessary for isolation and characterization of the active antioxidants, which may serve as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

Mechanical and Hygroscopic Behaviour of Teak Wood Sawdust Filled Recycled Polypropylene Composites

( Anil Kumar Yadav ),( Rajeev Srivastava ) 한국복합재료학회 2018 Composites research Vol.31 No.5

In this paper, mechanical and hygroscopic properties of teak sawdust and recycled polypropylene (RPP) composites are evaluated and compared with virgin polypropylene (VPP) matrix based composites. Verities of composites are prepared by variation in the plastic types, wood plastic ratio and the addition of coupling agent in the formulations. Mixing of wood sawdust and polypropylene is done by a twin screw extruder, and then sheets of wood plastic composites (WPCs) are produced by using the compression molding method. The results show that recycled matrix composites exhibit better tensile, flexural strength with low impact strength than virgin matrix based composites. Recycled composites show low water absorption and thickness of swelling than virgin matrix based composites. The results confirm that wood content in the polymer matrix affects the performance of composites while presence maleated polypropylene (MAPP) improves the properties of the composites significantly. Developed RPP matrix composites are as useful as VPP matrix composites and have the potential to replace the wood and plastics products without any adverse effect of the plastics on the environment.

A Novel Searching Algorithm based on Reinforcement Learning

Anil Kumar Yadav,A. K. Sachan 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.6

We introduce an application-oriented reinforcement learning searching algorithm designed for problem with fast learning and capturing goal in less amount of time especially in robotics and games. The importance of game playing in machine learning is an exhaustive application of autonomous agent in real-world problem domain. In our previous published article represent that how autonomous agent learned through self-training and successful trained agent ready for execution [11].In this paper, we design and proposed a new application-oriented searching algorithm especially for game playing in grid world problem. In which first of all agents train all state and able to capture goal successfully. Reinforcement learning is a type of decision making system that takes decision on the basis of reward or penalty signal and learned from environment. Many games, there are no such things that follow fast learning as well as searching and genuine movement for each step. For every state action agent stored previous values in terms of q values in a look-up table. It helps for agent decision making capability during goal hitting or pray captured in the real-world game. In order to access and simulate new searching algorithms in mat lab and evaluated by comparison with different RL techniques [2, 11-12].

Interleukin-1B (IL-1B-31 and IL-1B-511) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene polymorphisms in primary immune thrombocytopenia

Deependra Kumar Yadav,Anil Kumar Tripathi,Divya Gupta,Saurabh Shukla,Aloukick Kumar Singh,Ashutosh Kumar,Jyotsna Agarwal,K. N. Prasad 대한혈액학회 2017 Blood Research Vol.51 No.4

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated disease caused by autoanti-bodies against platelets membrane glycoproteins GPIIb/IIIa and GPIb/IX. The etiology of ITP remains unclear. This study evaluated the association of polymorphisms in interleukin (IL)-1B-31, IL-1B-511, and IL-1Ra with ITP. Methods: Genotyping of IL-1B-31, IL-1B-511, and IL-1Ra was performed in 118 ITP patients and 100 controls by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism and detection of variable number tandem repeats. Results: Genotype differences in IL-1B-31 and IL-1Ra were significantly associated with ITP. Patients showed a higher frequency of the IL-1B-31 variant allele (T) and a 1.52-fold greater risk of susceptibility to ITP (odds ratio [OR]=1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.04‒2.22, P=0.034). The frequencies of both homozygous and heterozygous variant geno-types of IL-1B-31 were higher (OR=2.33, 95% CI=1.069‒5.09, P=0.033 and OR=2.044, 95% CI=1.068‒39, P=0.034) among patients and were significantly associated with ITP susceptibility. Both homozygous and heterozygous variant genotypes of IL-1Ra were also more frequent (OR=4.48, 95% CI=1.17‒17.05, P=0.0230 and OR=1.80, 95% CI=1.03‒3.14, P=0.0494) among patients and were associated with ITP risk. IL-1B-31 and IL-1Ra also showed significant association with severe ITP. However, IL-1B-511 was not asso-ciated with ITP. Conclusion: IL-1B-31 and IL-1Ra polymorphisms may significantly impact ITP risk, and they could be associated with disease severity, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of ITP.