산간 계류성 하천의 계절적 수질변동에 대한 몬순강우의 영향

안광국,신인철 한국육수학회 2005 생태와 환경 Vol.38 No.1

본 연구는 하절기 집중강우가 하천의 부영양화도, 이온변화, 산소요구량에 영향 평가로서 수질 변수들 간의 상호관계를 분석하였다. 용존산소(DO)농도는 수온과 역상관 관계(F= -0.99, P<0.001)를 보였다. 대부분 수질 변이는 7~8월에 발생 하였으며, 이들의 대부분은 하절기 집중강우와 직접적인 연관성을 보였다. pH의 경우 6.5 이하의 최소값은 최대 강우를 보인 8월에 관측되었는데, 이는 강우에 의한 수소이온농도의 희석현상에 의한 것으로 사료되었다. 전기전도도 또한 강우분포를 반영하였다. 즉, EC값은 다른 계절보다 하절기에 좀 더 높은 값을 되였으며, 강우와의 직접적 연관성을 보였다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 이온희석 현상은 강우 전의 하절기에는 높았지만, 집중강우 후 짧게는 4~5일 길게는 1~2주 후에 이온이 희석되는 것으로 나타나 강우와 하천수의 이온농도사이에 뚜렷한 반응시간의 지체현상을 보였다. COD의 계절적 변화 페턴은 BOD와 유사한(r=0.55, p<0.001) 양상을 보였다. 총질소(TN)는 총인 (TP)에 비해 변이 폭이 적었으며, 3월의 갈수기에 최소값을 보였다. 대조적으로, 총인 유입은 하절기 몬순동안에 주로 발생하였고, 총부유물(TSS)과 유사한 계절 변화 양상을 보여인(P)의 증가가 수계에서 유발되는 무기성부유물과 밀접하게 연관성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 총인. 총질소의 무게비는 질소 변이 (F= -0.21, p<0.01)보다는 총인(r= 0.51, p<0.01)의 변이에 의해 결정되었으며, 총인이 제한 요인으로 작용할 것으로 사료되었다. 본 계류형 하천에서 수질을 조절하는 1차 요인은 강우시기 및 강도로 사료 되었으며,최대 변이는 하절기의 첨두강우와 일치하였다. The present study was to determine how seasonal rainfall intensity influences nutrient dynamics, ionic contents, oxygen demands, and suspended solids in a lotic ecosystem. Largest seasonal variabilities in most parameters occurred during the two months of July to August and these were closely associated with large spate of rainfall. Dissolved oxygen (DO) had an inverse function of water temperature (r = -0.986, p<0.001). Minimum pH values of<6.5 were observed in the late August when rainfall peaked in the study site, indicating an ionic dilution of stream water by precipitation. Electrical conductivity (EC) was greater during summer than any other seasons, so the overall conductivity values had direct correlation (r = 0.527, p<0.01) with precipitation. Ionic dilution, however, was evident 4~5 days later in short or 1~2 weeks in long after the intense rain, indicating a time-lag phenomenon of conductivity. Daily COD values varied from 0.8 ㎎ L^(-1) to 7.9 ㎎ L^(-1) and their seasonal pattern was similar (r = 0.548, p<0.001) to that of BOD. Total nitrogen (TN) varied little compared to total phosphorus (TP) and was minimum in the base flow of March. In contrast, major input of TP occurred during the period of summer monsoon and this pattern was similar to suspended solids, implying that TP is closely associated (r = 0.890, p<0.01) with suspended inorganic solids. Mass ratios of TN : TP were determined by TP (r = -0.509, p<0.01) rather than TN (r = -0.209, p<0.01). The N: P ratios indicated that phosphorus was a potential primary limiting nutrient for the stream productivity. Overall data suggest that rainfall intensity was considered as a primary key component regulating water chemistry in the stream and maximum variation in water quality was attributed to the largest runoff spate during the summer monsoon.

니트로크라이센 유도체의 합성에 관한 연구

黃匡鎭,김진국,남현우 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術 Vol.11 No.-

In an attempt to provide a useful light-emitting material in the organic electroluminescence diode, nitrochrysene 5 was prepared by the nitration of the tetrahydrochrysene 4 using dinitrogen tetraoxide as a key step. The chrysene 4 was obtained from the methyl cinnamate in 3 steps. The mono-nitration was confirmed by the IR, ^1H-NMR and ^13C-NMR spectra of chrysene 5. The results suggest that the synthetic methods for the nitrochrysene 5 is applicable to the synthesis of various chrysene derivatives containing donor-acceptor groups at 2, 8-positions.

홍삼과 영지 및 Cyclophosphamide병용이 치은이식암에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구

박광호,조한국 慶熙大學校 齒科大學 1993 慶熙齒大論文集 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Red ginseng, Ganoderma lucidum and Cyclophosphamide on the oral carcinogenesis by the transplantation of Sarcoma 180 ascite tumor cells into the mandibular gingiva. Three month-aged 56 mice(ICR), weighing 20gm were devided 4 experimental groups which group 1(12 mice) were transplanted 0.05ml Sarcoma 180 ascite tumor cells per a mouse into the mandibular gingiva with 25 Gauge syringe, group 2(12 mice) were supplied Red ginseng solution for drinking water and administered orally 1mI Ganoderma lucidum solution for 3 days interval, after transplantatin of Sarcoma 180, group 3(12 mice) were transplanted Sarcoma 180 after administered Red ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum for 2 weeks, group 4(18 mice) were transplanted Sarcoma 180 and injected Cyclophosphamide intoperitonium with a dosage of 25mg/Kg for 3 days interval that was dissolved in distilled water, after administered Red ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum for 2 weeks, and three control groups which group 5(6 mice) administered Red ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum, group 6(6 mice) were injected Cyclophosphamide only, and group 7(2 mice) were untreated control. Two mice of group 1, 2, 3, and 3 mice of group 4, and 1 mice of group 5, 6 were sacrificed at 4,6,8,10,12,14 days after experiment, the mandible was removed, fixed in 10% N-Forrnalin, and decalcified in 5% nitric acid. And embedded in paraffin, sectioned to 5-6?m thickness, and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Van Gieson. The results as follows 1. Sarcoma 180 trasplanted group revealed inflammatory reaction and necrosis of transplanted portion, located at 4 days, obvious malignancy of tumor cells at 6, 8 days, infiltrative proliferation into adjacent tissue and alveolar bone of apical portion through the alveolar bone and the periodontal membrane. 2. Tumor growth in the group which administered Red ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum after transplantation were slightly inhibited, and the group which transplanted tumor after administration of Red ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum for 2 weeks inhibited markedly than group 1. 3. Tumor growth in the group which transplantation and injection of Cyclophosphamide after administration of Red ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum obviously inhibited than group 2 and 3. 4. In control groups, the group which administrated Red ginseng and Ganoderma lucidum revealed vascular conjestion, the group which injected Cyclophosphamide revealed vascular congestion and slightly hemorrhagic feature.

위장관기능이상증에 있어서 Trimebutine Maleate (Polybutine^(�))의 치료효과

김종극,고광도 최신의학사 1981 最新醫學 Vol.24 No.8

티부틸디메틸실릴옥시기를 포함하는 퓨록산 유도체의 합성에 관한 연구

黃匡鎭,金光鎭,金鎭國 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術 Vol.10 No.-

The furoxan 6 containing TBDMS group was prepared by the dimerization of the corresponding nitric oxide that was generated in situ from the N-hydroxy iminoyl chloride 5. The synthetic route for the furoxan containing TBDMS provides more efficient NMR spectroscopic analysis to that using THP as a hydroxyl protecting group. In addition to this,the yield in [3+2] cycloaddition of the corresponding nitric oxide for the furoxan 6 was higher (〉95%) than that in the reaction using THP protecting group. Those results suggest us thst TBDMS group is considered as better protecting group than THP for the synthesis of furoxan containing thiol group.

Tripotassium Dicitrato Bismuthate에 依한 消化性潰瘍의 治驗

金宗克,玄振海,高侊道 최신의학사 1980 最新醫學 Vol.23 No.12

肝疾患의 Immunoglobulin量 變動에 관한 臨床的 硏究

金宗克,高侊道 고려대학교 의과대학 1975 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.12 No.1

Author has studied 62 subjects who had been admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Medical College of Korea University and diagnosed by liver biopsy and 10 healthy Koreans from July, 1972 to Sept., 1973. Blood collected from the patients had been stored in freezing at -20 degree centigrade. The results of this study are as follows. 1. Blood level of immunoglobulins (Mean±Standard Deviation) in healthy Koreans are: IgG 1,387±254, IgA 171±78, IgM 94±33. The unit is ㎎/dl. 2. In acute hepatitis including icteric and nonicteric cases IgG is 1,616±314 and increased above normal range in 50 per cent of cases by mild degree with statistical significance. IgA is 313±86 and increased in 63 per cent by high degree with statistical significance and IgM is 133±66 and increased in 44 per cent by moderate degree with statistical significance. 3. In chronic hepatitis IgG is 1,788±302 and increased above normal range in 64 per cent of cases by mild degree with statistical significance. IgA is 347±127 and increased in 73 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. IgM is 143±80 and increased in 45 per cent by moderate degree without statistical significance. 4. In liver cirrhosis IgG is 1,958±449 and increased above normal range in 78 per cent by moderate degree with statistical significance. IgA is 390±129 and increased in 83 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. IgM is 160±69 and increased in 72 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. 5. In primary hepatoma IgG is 1,649±402 and increased above normal range in 71 per cent by mild degree without statistical significance. IgA is 376±171 and increased in 71 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. IgM is 149±66 and increased in 57 per cent by mild degree without statistical significance. 6. In reactive hepatitis IgG is 1,571±383 and increased above normal range in 40 per cent by mild degree without statistical significance. IgA is 333±130 and increased in 80 per cent by high degree with statistical significance. IgM is 123±62 and increased in 40 per cent by mild degree without statistical significance.

열처리 조건이 시금치의 이화학적 특성 및 영양 조성에 미치는 효과

이지선, 황인국, 유선미, 민상기, 김광일, 조연지, 최미정 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study investigated the effect of thermal treatment (blanching) conditions on the physicochemical and nutritional properties of spinach. For thermal treatments, fresh spinach was treated by three blanching methods including boiled water, steam and pan frying treatments. At the varying time intervals of treatments, pH, color, shear force, proximate composition, organic acid content, peroxidase activity and microbial counts were evaluated. The pH of all treatments tended to increase with increasing blanching time, however, no significant differences among treatments were obtained. The shear force of spinach decreased with blanching time, particularly hot water treatment showed the rapid decrease in the shear force of spinach. The lightness of spinach showed similar pattern with shear force. For proximate compositions, the highest moisture content was found in hot water treatment, while crude protein and ash were highest in steam treatment. Due to the usage oil, pan frying treatment involved in the highest lipid content. The organic acid content treatment was in the order of hot water, pan frying and steam treatment. The thermal treatments attributed to low total plate count of spinach. In addition, thermophilic bacteria, coliform, mold and yeast were not detected in all thermal treatments. Peroxidase activity was lowered by applied thermal treatments. Based on the results, the best blanching condition for spinach was found in steam treatment for 60 s where the spinach showed the minimal changes in physicochemical and nutritional properties of spinach.

고리 및 영광 논토양에 대한 ^137Cs의 모의 사고 침적시 토양-벼 전이계수

최용호,임광묵,박효국,최희주,이한수 대한방사선 방어학회 2002 방사선방어학회지 Vol.27 No.4

고리 및 영광 원전 반경 5km 내 11곳의 논토양을 원상대로 재배상자에 채취하여 실험 온실로 운반한 후 벼의 이식 전과 생육중에 ^137Cs을 담수의 표면에 처리하였다. 이식전 처리시 ^137Cs의 토양-작물체 전이계수(m²kg^-1-dry plant)는 토양에 따라 8배 정도의 변이를 보였고 평균은 지역간 차이가 거의 없이 쌀알의 경우 1.1 x 10^-4 , 볏짚의 경우 2.7 x 10^-4 이었다. 분얼초기 처리와 수잉기 처리시 전이계수는 이식전 처리에 비해 대체로 2∼3 배 및 15∼30 배 정도 높았다. 토양 유기물 함량과 전이계수 간에는 정의 상관이 있었다. 본 실험결과에 입각하여 우리나라 논에 대한 일회성 사고침적시 적용할 수 있는 ^137Cs 전이계수의 대표치를 침적시기별로 제안하였다. Undisturbed soil blocks were taken into culture boxes from 11 paddy fields within 5 km radii of Kori and Yonggwang NPPs and carried to a greenhouse where ^137Cs was applied to the surface of standing water before rice transplanting and during its growth. Transfer factors (m²kg^-1-dry plant) of ^137Cs applied before transplanting varied with soils by a factor of about 8. The mean was 1.1 x 10^-4 for hulled rice seeds and 2.7 x 10^-4 for straw without significant regional differences. The ^137Cs applications at the early tillering stage and booting stage resulted in, on the whole, 2∼3 and 15∼30 times, respectively, higher transfer factors than the application before transplanting. A positive correlation was found between soil organic matter and transfer factor. Generic values of transfer factors were proposed for an acute accidental deposition of ^137Cs onto Korean paddy fields in different times of the year.

揷橋川의 淡水魚群集에 관한 硏究

崔信錫,洪榮杓,安光國 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1988 環境硏究 Vol.6 No.2

This survey was investigated freshwater fish communities in Sapkyo Stream for four month from May 1986 to August 1987, and classified fish communities, and then analyzed them. The result obtained were as follows: 36 species belonging to 10 family were collected in Sapkyo Stream. There were collected 80% species of total species of freshwater fishes in Korea. Cultriculus eigenmani showed the highest value of relative abundance in Sapkyo Stream. By the partial ordination analysis, with constancy as the range 10% to 60%, the fish communities in Sapkyo Stream were divided into Moroco-Zacco (A), Zacco-Cultriculus (A+B), Pelteobagrus-Cultriculus (B), Acanthogobius-Carassius (C) community. The diversity index, eveness index and species richness index value in Sapkyo Stream were appeared relatively high, but the dominance index value showed low. Fish species of high relative abundance and constancy value in Sapkyo Stream were showed as lake type.