Applying the notion of span in audiovisual translation

( Park¸ Amy ),( Cho¸ Eui Yon ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2019 영어권문화연구 Vol.12 No.2

This study sets out to examine how the English pronouns are translated into the Korean subtitles. The main aim of the study is to apply the notion of span when analyzing the translation of pronouns from English into Korean. In other words, this paper would like to argue that the notion of span may well be applied in the study of personal pronouns when the source language and target language have different linguistic systems such as English and Korean. This is to emphasize and also demonstrate the fact that due to the characteristics of the Korean language, the notion of span may be an important factor proposed by Larson in 1984. The data of this study have been divided into certain spans according to certain situations between characters from the film Bridget Jones Diary 1. The results show that the translations of Korean personal pronouns vary according to the spans between certain characters which show that the relationship changes throughout the film.

시민교육과 한국 사회

에이미 것만(Amy Gutmann),곽준혁(Kwak Jun-Hyeok) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2009 亞細亞硏究 Vol.52 No.4

In recent years, many scholars have recognized that despite institutional reforms, South Korea is falling into what Colin Crouch coins as post-democracy. They have observed that faltering on the verge of democratic consolidation, South Korea is experiencing a paradoxical process: while it is moving fast toward constitutional democracy in which election can make government more accountable and responsible for its conduct, its citizens gradually become a passive and incoherent mass responding intermittently only to the dramatic issue set by politicians and militant political activists. Yet too often how and why the post-democratic trivialization of participatory democracy and the dramatic development of citizen movement do intersect in South Korea remains unexplained. Being concerned with these observations, this interview with Amy Gutmann aims to explore a regulative principle which can guides thinking in the ongoing process in which citizens as well as experts consider what justice requires in the case of particular conflicts in specific contexts, with special but not exclusive attention to civic education. Specifically, addressing the principles and structure of Amy Gutmann’s liberal theory of justice in light of liberal egalitarianism, deliberative democracy, democratic education, and identity politics, this interview seeks to investigate her theories of democratic education in four aspects: the plausible reconciliation of liberal egalitarianism with redistribution and participation, the realization of democratic education through deliberative democracy, the need for civic education with respect to multicultural coexistence, and the applicability of democratic education especially in South Korea which is experiencing both political indifference and ideological antagonism.

Design of Soft Actuators, Mechanisms, and Sensors for Medical Applications

Amy Kyungwon Han(한경원) 대한기계학회 2023 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2023 No.4

Overexpression of RF2a in Transgenic Rice Plants Cultivar IR64 Enhances Tolerance to Rice Tungro Virus

Amy Estiati,Dwi Astuti,Dwi Widyajayantie,Satya Nugroho 한국작물학회 2018 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.21 No.3

Rice tungro disease (RTD) is one of the most important virus diseases of rice in South and Southeast Asia, which is caused by coinfection of rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV). RF2a, encoding a bZIP type transcription factor, which is important for rice development is reported to bind to Box II, a crucial cis- element of the RTBV promoter and activate transcription from the RTBV promoter in infected plants. Overexpression of RF2a in transgenic rice had been reported to increase tolerance against the tungro virus. We reported the overexpression of RF2a in transgenic rice plants cultivar IR64. Bioassay using an Indonesian tungro virus isolate indicated that there was a significant increase in the tolerance of the transgenic rice lines compared to the wild-type IR64, and was comparable to the tolerant control Tukad Petanu. qRT-PCR on RF2a-overexpressed transgenic rice and the wild-type control showed that in tungro virus-infected transgenic rice plants in which weak or no RTD symptoms were observed, the relative expression of RF2a were increased. The increase in tolerance toward tungro virus was suggested due to a high level of RF2a in plants that can support rice development amid virus replication. On the contrary, in infected susceptible wild-type plants, in which the level of RF2a was low, severe RTD symptoms were observed. Thus, the availability of RF2a in tungro virus-infected IR64 plants plays an important role in determining the development of RTD symptoms.

The China Syndrome? Nuclear Power Growth and Safety After Fukushima

( Amy King ),( M. V. Ramana ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2015 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.39 No.4

Since the Fukushima disaster in Japan, the Chinese government has undertaken a number of measures to improve the safety of its nuclear facilities while simultaneously committing to a rapid expansion of nuclear power capacity. We explore the tension between these twin commitments, examining China’s record of implementation of nuclear safety measures since Fukushima. We investigate how nuclear safety interacts with other priorities in shaping decisions about inland nuclear power stations and nuclear reactor design choice. We find that various safety measures have been implemented since 2011, but where their implementation competes with other priorities-such as the economic interests of local governments and nuclear corporations, and central government energy and development targets-safety is not always the primary concern.

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Select Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Brans

Amy Burdette,Pamela L. Garner,Eugene P. Mayer,James L. Hargrove,Diane K. Hartle,Phillip Greenspan 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.4

The bran fractions of certain varieties of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) grain are rich sources of phytochemicals and antioxidants. In this article, the anti-inflammatory actions of extracts of select sorghum brans were evaluated in two experimental inflammatory systems: (1) the release of cytokines by lipopolysaccharide-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and (2) 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)-induced ear edema in mice. A 1:200 dilution of a 10% (wt/vol) ethanol extract of black sorghum bran significantly inhibited the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. Ethanolic extracts of both black and sumac varieties of sorghum bran significantly reduced edema in inflamed ears as measured by ear thickness and ear punch weight 6 hours following TPA application. The degree of inhibition was similar to that observed with indomethacin. Black sorghum bran significantly diminished the increase in myeloperoxidase activity 24 hours following the application of TPA. No anti-inflammatory activity was observed with white and Mycogen sorghum bran varieties or with oat, wheat, or rice brans in the mouse ear model. The anti-inflammatory activity observed with these brans correlated with their phenolic content and antioxidant activity. These results demonstrate that select sorghum bran varieties possess significant anti-inflammatory activity.

Persistence and Change in the Black Forest Ethnic Dress Tradition

Amy S Hughes,Susan J Torntore,Jennifer Paff Ogle 한국복식학회 2015 International journal of costume and fashion Vol.15 No.1

The ethnic dress of Germany’s Black Forest, called Tracht, dates back to the 16th century. Although most people living within the Black Forest do not presently wear Trachten, some persistence in this tradition exists. This study explored the factors that have supported the persistence of the Trachten tradition, specifically related to the wearing and crafting of Trachten by women, in a contemporary society. A qualitative, ethnographic approach was adopted. Data were collected via observations and interviews in the Black Forest. Thematic analyses revealed that the maintenance of the Trachten tradition was linked to varied factors that revolved around the overarching themes of both persistence and change. Interpretations were supported by theory proposing that ethnic dress is not static, but rather, changes across space and time in ways that enable its persistence. The persistence of the Trachten tradition was linked to formalized practice, meaningful identities, and desires to preserve and promote local culture. Additionally, the persistence of the Trachten tradition was fostered by change in the tradition, including the conceptualization of Trachten as a “lived practice” and the negotiation of Trachten authenticity.

Conquest, Occupation and Ethnic Cleansing

Amy K. Kelley(에이미 켈리) 인하대학교 법학연구소 2011 法學硏究 Vol.14 No.1

The recent adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1820 declared that crimes of sexual violence are to be excluded from amnesty provisions. In ensuing years the surviving “comfort women” and numerous supportive NGOs achieved significant moral victories and transformed human rights discourse, but did not attain their yearned-for legal redress, formal apology and official reparations. Among the arguments raised in opposition to the “comfort women” and their supporters was that rape, or more generally sexual violence, during war was not recognized as a violation of international law in the 1930s and early 1940s. It was also claimed that the treaties following World War II rendered the individuals subjected to the“comfort women”system without recourse. There is considerable debate about those propositions, although they were sustained in litigation. One hopes, however, that developments in the 1990s and the first decade of the 21st century, particularly the Kunaric and Akayesu trials in the ICTY and the ICTR concerning the atrocities in Bosnia and Rwanda. But, one might ask, what do these developments “really mean”? The answer might be: not much; or at least not much right now. I am a pragmatist; and comfortable with being deemed doctrinally impure if I can contribute a scintilla to easing the lives of actual women who, as a result of rape and other sexual violence in armed conflicts are often physically and emotionally scarred, scared, silent, shunned, starving, sick, shelterless and sterile. Sensitivity to particular cultural, historical, religious, social and economic contexts is of critical importance in crafting effective, remedial strategies. There is some hope for success with the “help first, theory later” approach. It is purposefully hard to establish liability in criminal prosecutions, international or domestic. The liability theories in “official” rape or sexual violation cases that appear to hold the most promise are “command responsibility” or “participation in a joint criminal exercise”; although the theory of “conspiracy” has potential. At the very least, the United Nations and other regional bodies should adequately supply the troops and peacekeepers that they dispatch to regions that are in upheaval, train them to not exacerbate the problems of sexual violence, and guarantee serious negative consequences when their troops or peacekeepers violate the rules. There is no “single” appropriate remedy; they should be mixed and matched as the situations demand. The time to act is now.

Regulation of Ca2+ Signaling in Pulmonary Hypertension

Amy L Firth,원준연,박원선 대한약리학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.17 No.1

Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) remains imperative if we are to successfully improve the quality of life and life span of patients with the disease. A whole plethora of mechanisms are associated with the development and progression of PH. Such complexity makes it difficult to isolate one particular pathway to target clinically. Changes in intracellular free calcium concentration, the most common intracellular second messenger, can have significant impact in defining the pathogenic mechanisms leading to its development and persistence. Signaling pathways leading to the elevation of [Ca2+]cyt contribute to pulmonary vasoconstriction, excessive proliferation of smooth muscle cells and ultimately pulmonary vascular remodeling. This current review serves to summarize the some of the most recent advances in the regulation of calcium during pulmonary hypertension.

Gender Norms, Peer Culture and the Gender Gap

Amy Hsin,I-Chien Chen 한국사회학회 2018 한국사회학회 심포지움 논문집 Vol.2018 No.5