Iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded hydrogels for effective topical photothermal treatment of skin cancer

AMATYA REEJU,김도연,민경아,신명철 한국약제학회 2022 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.52 No.6

Purpose A hydrogel containing dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (DEX-IONP) was developed, and its applicability in topical photothermal therapy (PTT) of skin cancer was explored in vitro and in vivo. Methods DEX-IONP carbopol hydrogel was prepared by adopting the pH-triggered in situ gel-forming method. After preparation, physical characteristics and the photothermal activities of the DEX-IONP gel were evaluated in vitro in varying DEX-IONP concentrations. The photothermal activity was further examined in B16F10 s.c. tumor-bearing mice. Lastly, the efficacy of DEX-IONP gel-based topical PTT was evaluated in vivo. Results The prepared DEX-IONP gel retained high viscosity favorable to maintain at the applied site. In addition, the DEXIONP gel could induce effective heating by laser irradiation. The cellular and in vivo studies evidenced the applicability of DEX-IONP in topical PTT. Finally, the preliminary efficacy study results in the B16F10 s.c. mice model demonstrated that tumor volumes could be significantly reduced by the topical PTT with DEX-IONP gel. Notably, by a single PTT treatment with 100 μgFe/mL DEX-IONP gel and applying 0.5 W laser power for 10 min, the tumor growth could be significantly inhibited by 85%. Conclusion Overall, our results demonstrate that DEX-IONP gels may serve as an effective topical PTT agent.

Disaster Response and Management: The Integral Role of Rehabilitation

Amatya Bhasker,Khan Fary 대한재활의학회 2023 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.47 No.4

With the increasing frequency of disasters and the significant upsurge of survivors with severe impairments and long-term disabling conditions, there is a greater focus on the importance of rehabilitation in disaster management. During disasters, rehabilitation services confront a greater load due to the influx of victims, management of persons with pre-existing disabilities and chronic conditions, and longer-term care continuum. Despite robust consensus amongst the international disaster response and management community for the rehabilitation-inclusive disaster management process, rehabilitation is still less prioritised. Evidence supports the early involvement of rehabilitation professionals in disaster response and management for minimising mortality and disability, and improving clinical outcomes and participation in disaster survivors. In the last two decades, there have been substantial developments in disaster response/management processes including the World Health Organization Emergency Medical Team (EMT) initiative, which provides a standardized structured plan to provide effective and coordinated care during disasters. However, rehabilitation-inclusive disaster management plans are yet to be developed and/or implemented in many disaster-prone countries. Strong leadership and effective action from national and international bodies are required to strengthen national rehabilitation capacity (services and skilled workforce) and empower international and local EMTs and health services for comprehensive disaster management in future calamities. This narrative review highlights the role of rehabilitation and current developments in disaster rehabilitation; challenges and key future perspectives in this area.

A review of glucoregulatory hormones potentially applicable to the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: mechanism and brain delivery

AMATYA REEJU,민경아,신명철 한국약제학회 2022 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.52 No.2

Background Despite the accumulating research efforts, the current treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains far from achieving any clinical success in modifying the underlying pathological conditions. Area covered Therefore, it is an imminent task to discover more potent anti-AD drugs, as well as deepen the understanding of the disease mechanism. A group of potential drug candidates for the AD may be the hormones that involve in the glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism, as the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity have been recognized as major risk factors of the AD. Expert opinion Indeed, up to date, many researches have reported the potential therapeutic effects of the glucoregulatory hormones, such as GLP-1, adipokines (adiponectin, leptin), and ghrelin. However, despite their anti-AD activity, there remains a bottleneck challenge for their successful delivery to the brain. In the present review, we provide an overview of the therapeutic potentials of glucoregulatory hormones and their receptor agonists for the AD. In the latter part, we also discuss the delivery strategies across the blood brain barrier, with a particular focus on previous studies that used the Trojan horse technology.

Guillain-Barré Syndrome: Prevalence and Long-Term Factors Impacting Bladder Function in an Australian Community Cohort

Bhasker Amatya,Fary Khan,Michael Whishaw,Julie F. Pallant 대한신경과학회 2013 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.9 No.3

Background and Purpose Urinary dysfunction is associated with significant morbidity in persons with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). The aim of this study was to describe prevalence and long-term impact of bladder dysfunction on daily activities and quality of life (QoL) in persons in chronic phase of GBS and to examine the relationships between commonly used continence measures in this cohort. Methods Prospective cohort (n=66) following GBS treatment (1996-2009) was recruited from a tertiary hospital and assessed using standardised measures for bladder dysfunction: American Urological Association (AUA) Symptom Index, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, Urogenital Distress Inventory. Results Sixty-six participants (64% male, mean age 56 years, median disease duration of 6.1 years) completed the study. Of these more than half reported nocturia and one-third reported urinary urgency and frequency. Urinary problems impacted on participants’ daily activities: physical recreation (21%), emotional health and mood (17%), entertainment (14%), participation and mobility (>30 min) (12%), and performance of household chores (8%). Since GBS, 49% reported interference of urinary symptoms with daily life to some extent; and adverse impact on QoL (10.6%). Significant relationship between bladder symptoms; and the level of urogenital distress (p<0.001) and the impact of urinary problems (p<0.001), was noted. Higher scores on the bladder scales showed significant correlations with psychological, functional and participation scales. The single QoL item (AUA scale) correlated significantly with all other bladder scales (rho=0.63-0.86). This can be a potential ‘screening tool’ to identify patients for further assessment. Conclusions Bladder dysfunction in chronic phase of GBS is not well studied. More research in longer-term screening and outcomes for bladder intervention are needed for integrated care and to guide treating clinicians.

Drug release testing methods of polymeric particulate drug formulations

Sarmila Amatya,박은지,박종훈,김준식,설은영,이희영,최호일,신영희,나동희 한국약제학회 2013 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.43 No.4

The long-term controlled delivery of drugs has been successfully achieved by biodegradable polymeric particulate systems. The drug release testing method is important for the characterization of dosage form performance under in vitro standardized conditions and can provide insight into the in vivo performance of the drug product. In vitro drug release testing methods for polymeric particulate systems are classified into sample and separate (SS), dialysis, and continuous flow (CF) methods. In the SS method, the drug-loaded microparticles are suspended in a vessel and the samples for the analysis are obtained by separating the particles using filtration or centrifugation. The dialysis method physically separates microparticles from the release media by a membrane, which eliminates the undesired loss of particles during sample preparation and handling. The CF method uses apparatus consisted of flow-through cell that holds the sample, pump and water bath in closed or open ends system. In this method, the release media is continuously circulated through a cell containing drug-loaded microparticles. This review summarizes the principles of the drug release testing methods and discusses their characteristics with the recent research results.

안구적출에 따른 위둔덕의 칼슘결합단백질의 재구축 및 상호 연관성

안병수,고길석,안명수,김경주,권안성,정명섭,박춘매,조병옥,김진우,Samudra Acharya,Parmeshwar Narayan Amatya,장인엽 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.1

Background: Superior colliculus is a part of midbrain, and participates in the visual reflexes, It receives afferent fibers from optic nerve, visual cortex, and spinotectal tract. After optic deprivation, the microscopic structure of the superior colliculus changed. Calcium-binding proteins (CBPs) Play an important role in the neuronal protection, differentiation and reorganization of the central nervous system, Objectives and Methods: The effects of neonatal retinal deafferentation on a CBPs, calbindm D-28k (CB), Parvalbumin (PB) and calretimn (CR), and the existence of colocalization between the CBPs were examined immunohistochemically in the rat superior colliculus. Results: On the experimental (contralateral to enucleation) side of superior colliculus, the number of CB-immunoreactive (IR) cells was reduced (77.4% compared to control), but not fibers. The number of PB-IR neurons and fibers was also reduced on the experimental side (88.5% compared to control), In the other hand, the CR-IR cells were dramatically increased (642% compared to control), but CR-IR fibers were markedly decreased on the experimental side. The colocalization between CB-CR and PV-CR was rarely observed in the superior colliculus Conclusion: These results suggest that the changes of retinotectal projection may alter the expressional pattern of CBPs in different manners; relatively stable in CB- and PV-IR neurons and plastic in CR-IR neurons.

H2AX: 유전자 손상 보호자

아마티아 파머셔 나라얀,아카랴 사무드라,유호진 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.1

The response of eukaryotic cells to double-strand breaks in genomic DNA includes the sequestration of many factors into nuclear foci. Recently it has been reported that a member of the histone H2A family, H2AX, becomes extensively phosphorylated within 10-30 minutes of DNA damage and forms foci at break sites. Histone H2AX has a role in suppressing genomic instability and cancer. Phosphorylated H2AX (gamma-HZAX) is essential to the efficient recognition and (or) repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and many molecules, often thousands, of H2AX become rapidly phosphorylated at the site of each nascent DSB. gamma-H2AX foci formation is a sensitive biological dosimeter and presents new and exciting opportunities to understand important biological processes, human diseases, and individual variations in radiation sensitivity. These potentialities demonstrate the importance of understanding the parameters and functions of gamma-H2AX formation.

Long-acting injectable formulations of antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia

박은지,Sarmila Amatya,Myung Sun Kim,Jong Hoon Park,Eunyoung Seol,Heeyong Lee,신영희,나동희 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.6

Antipsychotic drugs have been used to treatpatients with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs are useful forimproving medication compliance with a better therapeuticoption to treat patients who lack insight or adhere poorly tooral medication. Several long-acting injectable antipsychoticdrugs are clinically available. Haloperidol decanoateand fluphenazine decanoate are first-generation depotdrugs, but the use of these medicines has declined since theadvent of second-generation depot agents, such as longactingrisperidone, paliperidone palmitate, and olanzapinepamoate. The second-generation depot drugs are bettertolerated and have fewer adverse neurological side effects. Long-acting injectable risperidone, the first depot formulationof an atypical antipsychotic drug, was prepared byencapsulating risperidone into biodegradable microspheres. Paliperidone palmitate is an aqueous suspension of nanocrystalmolecules, and olanzapine pamoate is a microcrystallinesalt of olanzapine and pamoic acid suspended inaqueous solution. This review summarizes the characteristicsand recent research of formulations of each longactinginjectable antipsychotic drug.

Hydrologic Effects of Size and Location of Fields Converted from Drained Pine Forest to Agricultural Cropland

Kim, Hyun Woo,Amatya, Devendra M.,Chescheir, George M.,Skaggs, Wayne R.,Nettles, Jami E. American Society of Civil Engineers 2013 Journal of hydrologic engineering Vol.18 No.5

Biological Control of Plant Growth Using the Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3

Jae Sung Pyo(표재성),Sarmila Shrestha (Amatya)(사밀라 스레스타(아마티아)),Song Hee Park(박송희),Jae Seon Kang(강재선) 한국생명과학회 2014 생명과학회지 Vol.24 No.12

식물성장촉진 뿌리박테리아(PGPR)을 사용한 생물학적 조절(Biological control)은 최근 몇년 동안에 주목 받게되었다. PGPR은 산업적으로 중요한 감자, 토마토 그리고 쌀과 같은 경제적으로 중요한 작물의 성장촉진과 관련되어있다. 음식물 쓰레기에서 발견된 Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3은 Aspergillus terreus, A. fumagatus, A. flavus and Fusarium redolense에 대해 항진균작용을 가지고 있는 균주로, 이미 여러 산업적인 측면에서 유용한 가능성이 확인된 균주이다. 본 연구에서는 Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3를 알타리무와 상추에 0.5×10<SUP>9</SUP> cfu/g, 1.0×10<SUP>9</SUP> cfu/g 및 2.0×10<SUP>9</SUP> cfu/g의 3가지 농도로 분무, 재배한 후, 잎의 수, 길이, 무게, 뿌리와 근경의 길이, 넓이 및 무게를 비교함으로써, 이들에 대한 생육촉진작용을 확인해보았다. 그 결과, 처리하지 않은 군에 비하여 Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3를 처리한 군이 더 높은 생육성장을 보였으며, 1.0×10<SUP>9</SUP> cfu/g농도에서의 재배는 저농도에서의 재배보다 더 높은 생육성장을 그리고 고농도에서의 재배와 비슷한 생육성장을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 B. mojavensis KJS-3의 생물학적 비료로서의 가능성을 확인할 수 있었으며, 또한 B. mojavensis KJS-3의 다른 작물에 대한 생육조절제의 적용도 가능할 것으로 예상된다. Biological control using the plant growth-promoting Rhizobacterium (PGPR) has received significant attention in recent years. PGPR has been linked with promoting growth in economically important crops, such as potatoes, tomatoes, and rice. Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3 (Moja-3), isolated from food waste, possesses antifungal properties against Aspergillus terreus, A. fumagatus, A. flavus, and Fusarium redolense, and it may have potential in the development of products for industrial applications. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effects of spraying the PGPR Bacillus mojavensis KJS-3 on the growth of altari radish (leaf number, leaf length, leaf weight, root length, and rhizome length, adjacent portion diameter, and weight) and lettuce (leaf number, length, width, and weight). Three different concentrations of the foliar spray treatment of B. mojavensis KJS-3 were applied to the altari radish and lettuce: the recommended standard concentration of 1×10<SUP>9</SUP> cfu/g, half the standard concentration of 0.5×10<SUP>9</SUP> cfu/g, and double the standard concentration of 2×10<SUP>9</SUP> cfu/g). The B. mojavensis strain foliar spray treatment increased the growth of the leaves and roots of the altari radish and increased the growth of the lettuce leaves. For both plants, the recommended concentration of B. mojavensis KJS-3 produced better growth than half the standard concentration, and the growth was similar with the double dose. This study demonstrates positive effects of Moja-3, suggesting it may be a potential new bio-fertilizer for improving the growth of altari radish and lettuce.