COHOMOLOGY AND GEOMETRY OF FOLIATIONS

Alvarez Lopez, Jesus A. TOPOLOGY AND GEOMETRY RESEARCH CENTER 1995 Proceedings of the Topology and Geometry Research Vol.6 No.-

딥페이크에 맞선 전투: 미디어와 인터넷 거대기업 간 하이테크 오인정보 대응 전략의 수렴과 분화

Angel Vizoso,Martin Vaz-Alvarez,Xose Lopez-Garcia 시청자미디어재단 2021 팩트체크 동향리포트 'FACT(팩트)' Vol.- No.2

오인정보의 최신 형태 중 하나인 딥페이크는 온라인 뉴스 및 소셜미디어 공간을 통한 확산으로 인해 커뮤니케이션 환경의 현실적 극복과제가 되었다. 수세기 동안 지속된 현상이라 하더라도 오늘날 가짜 뉴스의 유통은 그것을 제작하고 배포하는 것이 수월해진 덕분에 과거 어느 때보다 유해한 성격을 갖는다. 이러한 국면에서 기술적 발전은 인공지능을 활용한 딥페이크, 조작 동영상·음성·사진 등이 출현하는 결과로 이어졌다. 2017년 첫 선을 보인 이래 시청각 콘텐츠에서 얼굴과 음성을 변조할 수 있는 툴과 알고리즘은 일반 사용자가 조작할 수 있는 모바일 앱과 웹 서비스가 나올 정도로 진화했다. 본 연구는 세 곳의 유명 미디어 채널 — 월스트리트 저널, 워싱턴포스트, 로이터 — 와 가장 규모가 큰 세 곳의 인터넷 기반 회사 — 구글, 페이스북, 트위터 — 가 이 새로운 형태의 가짜 뉴스를 어떻게 다루고 있는지 보여주고자 한다. 연구결과 딥페이크의 식별은 두 유형의 조직 모두에게 공통된 실천이라는 점이 확인되었다. 하지만 미디어가 언론종사자들의 딥페이크 탐지 훈련에 중점을 두는 반면 온라인 플랫폼은 미디어 포렌식 툴 개발·개선 목적의 연구 프로젝트에 재정을 지원하는 경향을 보였다.

Sustainable mold biomachining for the manufacturing of microfluidic devices

Arrate Santaolalla,Yara Alvarez-Braña,Astrid Barona,Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts,Fernando Benito-Lopez,Naiara Rojo 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.120 No.-

Biomachining has been investigated as a sustainable and effective alternative to conventional prototypingtechniques for molding polymeric materials for their subsequent use as microfluidic devices. A noveland simple process based on the combination of a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive mask and a varnish hasbeen proposed for preparing metal workpieces as an alternative to photolithography, with the latterbeing the most widely used technique for protecting workpieces. As far as the bioprocess is concerned,it has been applied in successive mold-etching and oxidant bio-regeneration stages. Metal solubilizationhas proven to be repeatable in several consecutive mold-etching stages when using the regenerated oxidantsolution. As a result, the lifespan of the biomachining medium has been prolonged, contributing toprocess sustainability. An equation with two restrictions has been proposed to predict the time requiredto obtain a mold with a fixed height, as metal solubilization evolves differently between the first and subsequenthours. Finally, the bio-engraved copper pieces have acted as effective molds in the fabrication ofself-powered polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic devices. This new biomachining application is thereforean effective and ecofriendly process for producing microfluidic devices.

Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia: experience from a single referral center in Mexico City

Hernandez-Company Alonso,Anguiano-Alvarez Victor Manuel,Carmona Gonzalez Carlos Amir,Rodriguez-Rodriguez Sergio,Pomerantz Allan,Lopez-Karpovitch Xavier,Tuna-Aguilar Elena Juventina 대한혈액학회 2017 Blood Research Vol.52 No.1

Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is characterized by an autoimmune-mediated de-struction of red blood cells. Warm AIHA (wAIHA) represents 60% of AIHA cases and is associated with the positive detection of IgG and C3d in the direct antiglobulin test (DAT). This study aimed to assess the clinical and laboratorial differences between primary and secondary wAIHA patients from a referral center in Mexico City. Methods: All patients diagnosed with wAIHA in our institution from January 1992 to December 2015 were included and received corticosteroids as the first-line treatment. We analyzed the response to the first-line treatment, relapse-free survival, and time to splenectomy. Results: Eighty-nine patients were included. Secondary wAIHA represented 55.1% of the cases. At diagnosis, secondary wAIHA patients showed a DAT mixed pattern more frequently than primary wAIHA patients (36.7 vs. 17.5%, P<0.001). In the survival analysis, patients with secondary wAIHA had a lower time to response (18 vs. 37 days, P=0.05), median disease-free survival (28.51 vs. 50.95 weeks, P=0.018), and time to splenectomy (43.5 vs. 61 wks, P=0.029) than those with primary wAIHA. Due to economic constraints, ritux-imab was considered as the third-line treatment in only two patients. Conclusion: Secondary wAIHA may benefit from a longer low-dose steroid maintenance period mainly due to its shorter time to relapse and time to splenectomy than primary wAIHA.

Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia: experience from a single referral center in Mexico City

Hernandez-Company Alonso,Anguiano-Alvarez Victor Manuel,Carmona Gonzalez Carlos Amir,Rodriguez-Rodriguez Sergio,Pomerantz Allan,Lopez-Karpovitch Xavier,Tuna-Aguilar Elena Juventina 대한혈액학회 2017 Blood Research Vol.52 No.1

Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is characterized by an autoimmune-mediated de-struction of red blood cells. Warm AIHA (wAIHA) represents 60% of AIHA cases and is associated with the positive detection of IgG and C3d in the direct antiglobulin test (DAT). This study aimed to assess the clinical and laboratorial differences between primary and secondary wAIHA patients from a referral center in Mexico City. Methods: All patients diagnosed with wAIHA in our institution from January 1992 to December 2015 were included and received corticosteroids as the first-line treatment. We analyzed the response to the first-line treatment, relapse-free survival, and time to splenectomy. Results: Eighty-nine patients were included. Secondary wAIHA represented 55.1% of the cases. At diagnosis, secondary wAIHA patients showed a DAT mixed pattern more frequently than primary wAIHA patients (36.7 vs. 17.5%, P<0.001). In the survival analysis, patients with secondary wAIHA had a lower time to response (18 vs. 37 days, P=0.05), median disease-free survival (28.51 vs. 50.95 weeks, P=0.018), and time to splenectomy (43.5 vs. 61 wks, P=0.029) than those with primary wAIHA. Due to economic constraints, ritux-imab was considered as the third-line treatment in only two patients. Conclusion: Secondary wAIHA may benefit from a longer low-dose steroid maintenance period mainly due to its shorter time to relapse and time to splenectomy than primary wAIHA.

Home-prepared anatase, rutile, and brookite $TiO_2$ for selective photocatalytic oxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol in water: reactivity and ATR-FTIR study

Augugliaro, Vincenzo,Loddo, Vittorio,Lopez-Munoz, Maria Jose,Marquez-Alvarez, Carlos,Palmisano, Giovanni,Palmisano, Leonardo,Yurdakal, Sedat Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.5

$TiO_2$ catalysts of anatase, rutile and brookite phase were prepared at low temperature and tested for carrying out the photocatalytic partial oxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (p-anisaldehyde) in organic-free water suspensions. Traces of 4-methoxybenzoic acid and open-ring products were the only by-products present, $CO_2$ being the other main oxidation product. Rutile exhibited the highest yield to p-anisaldehyde (62% mol) at a rate of the same order of magnitude of that showed by the other samples. Commercial rutile and anatase photocatalysts were also used for the sake of comparison. The samples have been characterised by an in situ ATR-FTIR investigation carried out in conditions simulating the photoreaction ones.

Fe/olivine as primary catalyst in the biomass steam gasification in a fountain confined spouted bed reactor

M. Cortazar,L. Santamaria,G. Lopez,J. Alvarez,M. Amutio,J. Bilbao,M. Olazar 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.99 No.-

The performance of Fe/olivine catalysts was tested in the continuous steam gasification of sawdust in abench scale plant provided with a fountain confined conical spouted bed reactor at 850 C. Olivine wasused as catalyst support and loaded with 5 wt%Fe. The activity and stability of the catalyst was monitoredby nitrogen adsorption-desorption, X-rayfluorescence spectroscopy, temperature programmedreduction, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques, which were conductedbefore and after the runs. The fountain confined conical spouted bed performs well in the biomass steamgasification with primary catalysts. In fact, this reactor allows enhancing the gas-solid contact, andtherefore the catalytic activity by avoiding the elutriation offine catalyst particles. The uncatalysedefficiency of the gasification process, assessed based on the gas production and composition, H2production, tar concentration and composition, and carbon conversion efficiency, was considerabyimproved on the Fe/olivine catalyst, with tar reduction being especially remarkable (to 10.4 g Nm 3). After 140 min on stream, catalyst deactivation was particularly evident, as tar concentration increased to19.9 g Nm 3 (90% of that without catalyst). However, Fe/olivine catalyst was still active for WGS and CH4steam reforming reactions, with gas and H2 productions being 1.35 Nm3 kg 1 and 5.44 wt%, respectively. Metal iron oxidation to Fe3O4 caused catalyst deactivation, as the reaction environment shifted fromoxidizing to reducing conditions due to operational limitations.

Osteomyelitis: A Descriptive Study

Laura Prieto-Pérez,Ramón Pérez-Tanoira,Elizabet Petkova-Saiz,Concepción Pérez-Jorge,Cristina Lopez-Rodriguez,Beatriz Alvarez-Alvarez,Jorge Polo-Sabau,Jaime Esteban 대한정형외과학회 2014 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.6 No.1

Background: To analyze the incidence and clinical-microbiological characteristics of osteomyelitis (OM) in a tertiary Spanish hospital. Methods: All cases diagnosed with OM between January 2007 and December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The variablesexamined include epidemiological characteristics, risk factors, affected bone, radiographic changes, histology, microbiological cultureresults, antibiotic treatment, and the need for surgery. Results: Sixty-three cases of OM were diagnosed. Twenty-six patients (41.3%) had acute OM whereas 37 patients (58.7%) wereclassified as chronic OM. OM may result from haematogenous or contiguous microbial seeding. In this group, 49 patients (77.8%)presented with OM secondary to a contiguous source of infection and 14 patients had hematogenous OM (22.2%). Staphylococcusaureus was the most commonly found microorganism. Conclusions: OM mainly affected patients with risk factors related to the presence of vascular diseases. Antibiotic treatmentmust be guided by susceptibility patterns of individual microorganisms, although it must be performed together with surgery inmost of the cases.

A STUDY OF THE PHOTOMETRIC VARIABILITY OF THE PECULIAR MAGNETIC WHITE DWARF WD 1953-011

Valyavin, G.,Antonyuk, K.,Plachinda, S.,Clark, D. M.,Wade, G. A.,Machado, Lester Fox,Alvarez, M.,Lopez, J. M.,Hiriart, D.,Han, Inwoo,Jeon, Young-Beom,Bagnulo, S.,Zharikov, S. V.,Zurita, C.,Mujica, R. IOP Publishing 2011 The Astrophysical journal Vol.734 No.1

<P>We present and interpret simultaneous new photometric and spectroscopic observations of the peculiar magnetic white dwarf WD 1953-011. The flux in the V-band filter and intensity of the Balmer spectral lines demonstrate variability with the rotation period of about 1.45 days. According to previous studies, this variability can be explained by the presence of a dark spot having a magnetic nature, analogous to a sunspot. Motivated by this idea, we examine possible physical relationships between the suggested dark spot and the strong-field magnetic structure (magnetic 'spot' or 'tube') recently identified on the surface of this star. Comparing the rotationally modulated flux with the variable spectral observables related to the magnetic 'spot,' we establish their correlation and therefore their physical relationship. Modeling the variable photometric flux assuming that it is associated with temperature variations in the stellar photosphere, we argue that the strong-field area and dark, low-temperature spot are comparable in size and located at the same latitudes, essentially overlapping each other with a possible slight longitudinal shift. In this paper, we also present a new, improved value of the star's rotational period and constrain the characteristics of the thermal inhomogeneity over the degenerate's surface.</P>

Suppression of cooling by strong magnetic fields in white dwarf stars

Valyavin, G.,Shulyak, D.,Wade, G. A.,Antonyuk, K.,Zharikov, S. V.,Galazutdinov, G. A.,Plachinda, S.,Bagnulo, S.,Machado, L. Fox,Alvarez, M.,Clark, D. M.,Lopez, J. M.,Hiriart, D.,Han, Inwoo,Jeon, Young Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature Vol.515 No.7525

Isolated cool white dwarf stars more often have strong magnetic fields than young, hotter white dwarfs, which has been a puzzle because magnetic fields are expected to decay with time but a cool surface suggests that the star is old. In addition, some white dwarfs with strong fields vary in brightness as they rotate, which has been variously attributed to surface brightness inhomogeneities similar to sunspots, chemical inhomogeneities and other magneto-optical effects. Here we describe optical observations of the brightness and magnetic field of the cool white dwarf WD 1953-011 taken over about eight years, and the results of an analysis of its surface temperature and magnetic field distribution. We find that the magnetic field suppresses atmospheric convection, leading to dark spots in the most magnetized areas. We also find that strong fields are sufficient to suppress convection over the entire surface in cool magnetic white dwarfs, which inhibits their cooling evolution relative to weakly magnetic and non-magnetic white dwarfs, making them appear younger than they truly are. This explains the long-standing mystery of why magnetic fields are more common amongst cool white dwarfs, and implies that the currently accepted ages of strongly magnetic white dwarfs are systematically too young.