In-situ Blockage Monitoring of Sensing Line

Aijaz Ahmed Mangi,Syed Salman Shahid,Sikander Hayat Mirza 한국원자력학회 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.1

A reactor vessel level monitoring system measures the water level in a reactor duringnormal operation and abnormal conditions. A drop in the water level can expose nuclearfuel, which may lead to fuel meltdown and radiation spread in accident conditions. A levelmonitoring system mainly consists of a sensing line and pressure transmitter. Over aperiod of time boron sediments or other impurities can clog the line which may degradethe accuracy of the monitoring system. The aim of this study is to determine blockage in asensing line using the energy of the composite signal. An equivalent Pi circuit model isused to simulate blockages in the sensing line and the system's response is examinedunder different blockage levels. Composite signals obtained from the model and plant'sunblocked and blocked channels are decomposed into six levels of details and approximationsusing a wavelet filter bank. The percentage of energy is calculated at each level forapproximations. It is observed that the percentage of energy reduces as the blockage levelin the sensing line increases. The results of the model and operational data are wellcorrelated. Thus, in our opinion variation in the energy levels of approximations can beused as an index to determine the presence and degree of blockage in a sensing line.

Socio-economic and political motivations of Russian out-migration from Central Asia

Aijaz A.Bandey,Farooq AhmadRather 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터 2013 Journal of Eurasian Studies Vol.4 No.2

The unexpected fall of Soviet Union left ethnic Russians, outside Russia with many questions and concerns. Many of them emigrated to Russia from the erstwhile Soviet Union, for better conditions there. The disintegration of Soviet Union – a state created on the ideology of Communism was one of the reasons, apart from economic, political, socio-cultural, reasons besides the failure of Communism to keep the Soviet Union together were the main causes of Russian out-migration from Central Asia. The out-migration of Russians from Central Asia to Russia began in the 1970s as internal labour migration shifted in the wake of better job opportunities. It accelerated tremendously after 1991, and touched its highest mark in 1994, as a response to the relative economic prosperity of Russia at that time. Thus the improved standard of living in Russia and the desire to return to their cultural homeland were some major issues that concerned people to shift to Russia.

Taxonomic review of ant genus Nylanderia Emery, 1906 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in India

Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo,Himender Bharti 국립중앙과학관 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.8 No.2

In this paper, Indian Nylanderia fauna is revised for the first time. Seven species are recognized, of which Nylanderia himalayana sp. nov. is described as new. Hitherto undescribed female and male castes of N. birmana are described for the first time. Photomontage images and comparative diagnosis by workers are provided. Information on the distribution of Indian Nylanderia is given. A revised key to the workers of Nylanderia for the Indian region is provided.

Fruit morphology of the genus Potamogeton L. in Kashmir Himalaya and its utility in taxonomic delimitation

Aijaz Hassan Ganie,Zafar Ahmad Reshi,Bashir Ahmad Wafai,Anzar Ahmad Khuroo 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.2

The fruit morphology of eight species of the genus Potamogeton L. in Kashmir Himalaya was examined, using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, in order to determine their utility in taxonomic delimitation. During the study, both macro- and micromorphological characters, including the fruit shape, size, color, and nature of the fruit beak, were investigated. The results reveal that the broad- and linear-leaved species have keeled fruits, whereas in filiform-leaved species the dorsal and lateral keels are either absent or obscure. The present study clearly shows the potential utility of fruit features as delimiting characters in order to distinguish different species of the genus Potamogeton in this Himalayan region.

Dosimetric analysis of intracavitary brachytherapy applicators: a practical study

Aijaz Khan 대한방사선종양학회 2022 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.40 No.3

Purpose: Intracavitary brachytherapy is one of the important methods of gynecological cancer treat-ment. The effect of attenuation is not considered in the dose calculation method released by theAmerican Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group No. 43 Report. In this study, the effect ofhigh-dose rate brachytherapy applicators on dose distribution was measured using Gafchromic filmsand well-type ionization chamber. Materials and Methods: A plan created by the treatment planning system was first executed using awell-type ionization chamber with a water equivalent elasto-gel in place for charge collection. Again,same plan was executed using central tandems of various angulations with different diameters ofvaginal cylinders and charge collection was measured. For in vitro dose measurements this plan wasalso executed on tandem and vaginal cylinder assembly with Gafchromic films fixed on the surface ofvaginal cylinder. Results: The results show that the central tandem when used with different vaginal cylinders resultedin increase in effective attenuation of the beam. The central tandem of 300 angulations when usedwith a 35-mm diameter vaginal cylinder results in maximum attenuation whereas the 0º tandemwhen used with 20-mm diameter vaginal cylinder results in least attenuation of the beam. Conclusion: Due to the attenuation by various applicators used in brachytherapy for the treatment ofgynecological cancers, it can be concluded that the difference between practical dose and the treat-ment planning system calculated dose should be considered for the correct estimation of the dose tothe target and the organs-at-risk.

A checklist of soldierflies (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) in India

Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo,Ghulam Mustafa Shah,Ulfat Jan,Shahid Ali Akbar 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.1

The Indian soldierfly fauna is rich and diverse, yet it is poorly studied as most species were described in the 19th century. Soldierflies, like most other organisms, especially in developing nations such as India, have been largely overlooked in recent times. In this study, we present an inventory of all names so far validly published in Indian Stratiomyidae. Synonyms, notes about type localities, depositories, and distribution are included. The study revealed that the soldierfly species list from India comprises 84 valid species, distributed in 35 genera and 7 subfamilies. The present study provides a synopsis of the regional taxonomical work carried out until now, and can serve as a baseline survey for future studies. The study indicates that most areas of the vast Indian territory are unexplored for soldierflies, and perhaps the majority of the soldierflies in India still remain discovered.

이케토 구리(II) 착물의 합성 및 송아지 Thymus DNA(CTDNA)와의 상호작용

Tak, Aijaz Ahmad,Arjmand, Farukh Korean Chemical Society 2011 대한화학회지 Vol.55 No.2

이케토형 리간드는 thiophene-2-aldehyde와 acetylacetone의 Knoevenagel 축합반응을 통해 합성하였으며, 이를 이용하여 Cu(II), Ni(II) 및Co(II) 염화물의 착물을 합성하였다. 모든 착물의 특성은 다양한 물리-화학적 방법으로 규명하였다. 몰전기전도도 결과로부터 이들 착물이 이온성을 가짐을 알았다. 전자 및 EPR 스펙트럼을 통해 구리(II) 이온이 사각평면 기하구조를 가짐을 알았다. 구리(II) 착물과 CTDNA(송아지 thymus DNA)의 상호작용을 흡수 스펙트럼과 순환 전압전류법으로 연구하였다. $k_{obs}$ 대 [DNA]의 도시는 선형을 보였는데, 이는 유사-1차반응을 의미한다. 순환 전압전류 그림으로부터 구리(II) 착물이 각각 -0.240 V와 -0.194 V의 $E_{1/2}$ 값을 갖는 일전자 Cu(II)/Cu(I) 산화-환원 쌍에 대해 준가역적임을 알았다. CTDNA를 첨가한 경우, $E_{1/2}$값이 각각168 mV와 18 mV 이동하였고 Ep 값도 감소하였다. CTDNA의 존재 하에 $E_{1/2}$이 이처럼 이동하는 것은 구리(II) 착물이 CTDNA에 강하게 결합됨을 의미한다. A diketo-type ligand was synthesized by the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of thiophene-2-aldehyde with acetylacetone, subsequently its transition metal complexes with Cu(II), Ni(II), and Co(II) chlorides were also prepared. All the complexes were characterized by various physico-chemical methods. The molar conductivity data reveals ionic nature for the complexes. The electronic spectrum and the EPR values suggest square planar geometry for the Cu(II) ion. Interaction of the Cu(II) complex with CTDNA (calf thymus DNA) was studied by absorption spectral method and cyclic voltammetry. The $k_{obs}$ values versus [DNA] gave a linear plot suggesting psuedo-first order reaction kinetics. The cyclic voltammogram of the Cu(II) complex reveals a quasi-reversible wave attributed to Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox couple for one electron transfer with $E_{1/2}$ values -0.240 V and -0.194 V. respectively. On addition of CTDNA, there is a shift in the $E_{1/2}$ values 168 mV and 18 mV respectively and decrease in Ep values. The shift in $E_{1/2}$ values in the presence of CTDNA suggests strong binding of Cu(II) complex to the CTDNA.

In-situ Blockage Monitoring of Sensing Line

Mangi, Aijaz Ahmed,Shahid, Syed Salman,Mirza, Sikander Hayat Korean Nuclear Society 2016 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.48 No.1

A reactor vessel level monitoring system measures the water level in a reactor during normal operation and abnormal conditions. A drop in the water level can expose nuclear fuel, which may lead to fuel meltdown and radiation spread in accident conditions. A level monitoring system mainly consists of a sensing line and pressure transmitter. Over a period of time boron sediments or other impurities can clog the line which may degrade the accuracy of the monitoring system. The aim of this study is to determine blockage in a sensing line using the energy of the composite signal. An equivalent Pi circuit model is used to simulate blockages in the sensing line and the system's response is examined under different blockage levels. Composite signals obtained from the model and plant's unblocked and blocked channels are decomposed into six levels of details and approximations using a wavelet filter bank. The percentage of energy is calculated at each level for approximations. It is observed that the percentage of energy reduces as the blockage level in the sensing line increases. The results of the model and operational data are well correlated. Thus, in our opinion variation in the energy levels of approximations can be used as an index to determine the presence and degree of blockage in a sensing line.

Causes and risk profiles of mortality among individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Peter Konyn,Aijaz Ahmed,Donghee Kim 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.-

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the United States and worldwide. Though nonalcoholic fatty liver per se may not be independently associated with an increased risk for all-cause mortality, it is associated with a number of harmful metabolic risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and an unhealthy diet. The fibrosis stage is a predictor of all-cause mortality in NAFLD. Mortality in individuals with NAFLD has been steadily increasing, and the most common cause-specific mortality for NAFLD is cardiovascular disease, followed by extra-hepatic cancer, liver-related mortality, and diabetes. High-risk profiles for mortality in NAFLD include PNPLA3 I148M polymorphism, low thyroid function and hypothyroidism, and sarcopenia. Achieving weight loss through adherence to a high-quality diet and sufficient physical activity is the most important predictor of improvement in NAFLD severity and the benefit of survival. Given the increasing health burden of NAFLD, future studies with more long-term mortality data may demonstrate an independent association between NAFLD and mortality.

Two remarkable new species of Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from India

Himender Bharti,Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo,Rakesh Kumar 한국응용곤충학회 2012 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.15 No.2

Descriptions of two new species Aenictus indicus sp. nov. and Aenictus wilsoni sp. nov. are provided from India. The presence of an unusual distinct ridge between mesonotum and mesopleuron relates them to three sympatric Philippine species, Aenictus philippinensis Chapman, 1963; Aenictus rabori Chapman, 1963 and Aenictus pangantihoni Zettel and Sorger, 2010. An identification key to the worker caste of Indian species is provided.