Performance Properties of Plain Knitted Fabrics Made from Open End Recycled Acrylic Yarn with the Effects of Covered and PBT Elastic Yarns

Ahu Demiroz Gun,Cemre Nur Kuyucak 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.1

In this research, the performance properties of plain knitted fabrics made from open end recycled and virgin acrylicyarns are comparatively investigated, together with the effects of added covered and PBT elastic yarns. The previous studiesabout the recycling of textile wastes and their usage were mainly focussed on waste type including cotton fibre. Althoughacrylic textile wastes constitute one of the most common recycled waste types after cotton wastes, there have been no studieson the usage of this type of waste as a fabric form in the literature. The recycled acrylic yarn is spun from 100 % acrylic fibrewastes subjected to mechanical recycling process of garneting. Covered and PBT elastic yarns are incorporated to give anadded value to the recycled acrylic fabrics. The experimental and statistical results reveal that the fibre type (acrylic wastefibre and virgin acrylic fibre) and the elastic yarn state (addition and type) parameters affect all the performance properties ofthe fabrics significantly. The recycled acrylic fabrics exhibit higher thickness, pilling tendency, abrasion resistance andcoursewise extension results and lower bursting strength results than the corresponding virgin acrylic fabrics. As far as theelastic yarn state is considered, it is observed that the fabrics with the covered yarn reveal the highest stitch density, mass,thickness and walewise extension results, followed by the fabrics with the PBT yarn. The highest bursting strength and thelowest pilling tendency results are obtained for the fabrics with the PBT yarn. Addition of the elastic yarn improves theabrasion resistance of the recycled and virgin acrylic fabrics. No statistically significant difference is found between theabrasion results of the recycled acrylic fabrics with the covered yarn and the PBT yarn.

Gingival crevicular fluid CSF-1 and IL-34 levels in patients with stage III grade C periodontitis and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ahu Dikilitaş,Fatih Karaaslan,Şehrazat Evirgen,Abdullah Seçkin Ertuğrul 대한치주과학회 2022 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.52 No.6

Purpose: Periodontal diseases are inflammatory conditions that alter the host’s response to microbial pathogens. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease that affects the incidence and severity of periodontal diseases. This study investigated the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34) in patients with stage III grade C periodontitis (SIII-GC-P) and stage III grade C periodontitis with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (SIII-GC-PD). Methods: In total, 72 individuals, including 24 periodontally healthy (PH), 24 SIII-GC-P, and 24 SIII-GC-PD patients, were recruited for this study. Periodontitis patients (stage III) had interdental attachment loss (AL) of 5 mm or more, probing depth (PD) of 6 mm or more, radiographic bone loss advancing to the middle or apical part of the root, and tooth loss (<5) due to periodontal disease. Radiographic bone loss in the teeth was also evaluated; grade C periodontitis was defined as a ratio of the percentage of root bone loss to age greater than 1.0. The plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), presence of bleeding on probing (BOP), PD, and clinical AL were used for clinical periodontal assessments. GCF samples were obtained and analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: All clinical parameters—PD, AL, GI, BOP, and PI—were significantly higher in the SIII-GC-PD group than in the PH and SIII-GC-P groups for both the full mouth and each sampling site (P<0.05). The total IL-34 and CSF-1 levels were significantly higher in the SIII-GC-PD group than in the PH and SIII-GC-P groups (P<0.05), and there were significant differences between the periodontitis groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that IL-34 and CSF-1 expression increases in patients with SIII-GC-PD. CSF-1 was associated with the inflammatory status of periodontal tissues and T2DM, while IL-34 was associated only with T2DM.

The Effects of Fiber Type, Elastane (El) Usage, and Knit Structure on the Moisture Management Properties of Sandwich-Type Double-Face Knitted Fabrics

Ahu Demiroz Gun,Mehmet Akincali,Eren Oner 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.10

Moisture management is one of the significant components specifying the thermo-physiological comfort level of fabrics. One of the approaches of making moisture management fabric is to use double-face knitted construction with the combination of hydrophobic fiber type on inner fabric face and hygroscopic fiber type on outer fabric face. While hydrophobic inner face helps to transfer liquid moisture from skin to outer face with capillary action, hygroscopic outer face absorbs liquid moisture and spreads it over greater area on outer face to facilitate evaporation. For a fabric, esthetic appearance is also as important as comfort properties. In this study, to fulfill functional and esthetic performance expectations, particular variants of sandwich-type double-face knitted fabrics are designed in four different knit structures by combining polyester (P), cotton (Co), viscose (V), and modal (M) yarns, V fiber-blended yarns consisting of mixtures of V fibers with silk (S), wool (W) or P fibers, and El yarn in fabric layers; and then the effects of the fiber type, the El usage, and the knit structure on the moisture management behaviors of these fabrics are evaluated. As knit structure, the different combinations of plain single jersey and tuck including single lacoste knit structures on the inner and outer faces of fabrics are considered. Regarding the fiber type effect on the grading values of moisture management indexes, the fabrics comprising the inner face of P fiber and the outer face of Co, V, and M fibers are categorized as moisture management fabrics in excellent (5) grade. The moisture management grades of the fabrics with the El yarn take place in very good (4) to excellent category (5). When the effect of the knit structure is considered, it is seen that all the sandwich double-face fabrics having tucks on their faces fall into good (3) to very good (4) category in terms of moisture management grades.

Thermo-physiological Comfort Performance of Recycled Plain Knitted Fabrics Produced from Acrylic Waste Fiber with the Effects of Incorporated Covered and PBT Elastic Yarns

Ahu Demiroz Gun,Cemre Nur Kuyucak 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.9

The objective of this work is to evaluate the thermo-physiological comfort performance properties of the recycledacrylic plain knitted fabrics produced from recycled open end yarn including acrylic waste fiber in comparison with those ofequivalent virgin acrylic counterparts, considering the effects of incorporated covered and PBT elastic yarns. Acrylic fiber ischaracterized by possessing wool-like handle and thermal comfort characteristics, which makes acrylic waste fiber goodcandidate for sweater-like knitted fabric applications worn in cold weather conditions. Covered polyester/lycra and PBTelastic yarns are included into the study to give added value to the recycled fabrics. Comparing the thermo-physiologicalproperties of the recycled and virgin acrylic fabrics, it is observed that in the recycled acrylic fabrics, thermal conductivityand thermal absorptivity are found to be lower, whereas thermal resistance is higher. These thermal values make recycledacrylic fabrics appropriate for cold weather. Regarding to elastic yarn state, the addition of either the covered yarn or the PBTyarn leads to increase in the thermal conductivity, thermal resistance and thermal absorptivity properties and the covered yarntends to affect the thermal parameters more than the PBT yarn. The lowest air permeability and water vapor permeabilityresults are achieved for the fabrics with the covered yarn.

Gingival crevicular fluid CSF-1 and IL-34 levels in patients with stage III grade C periodontitis and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ahu Dikilitas,Fatih Karaaslan,Sehrazat Evirgen,Abdullah Seckin Ertugrul Korean Academy of Periodontology 2022 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.52 No.6

Purpose: Periodontal diseases are inflammatory conditions that alter the host's response to microbial pathogens. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease that affects the incidence and severity of periodontal diseases. This study investigated the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34) in patients with stage III grade C periodontitis (SIII-GC-P) and stage III grade C periodontitis with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (SIII-GC-PD). Methods: In total, 72 individuals, including 24 periodontally healthy (PH), 24 SIII-GC-P, and 24 SIII-GC-PD patients, were recruited for this study. Periodontitis patients (stage III) had interdental attachment loss (AL) of 5 mm or more, probing depth (PD) of 6 mm or more, radiographic bone loss advancing to the middle or apical part of the root, and tooth loss (<5) due to periodontal disease. Radiographic bone loss in the teeth was also evaluated; grade C periodontitis was defined as a ratio of the percentage of root bone loss to age greater than 1.0. The plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), presence of bleeding on probing (BOP), PD, and clinical AL were used for clinical periodontal assessments. GCF samples were obtained and analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: All clinical parameters-PD, AL, GI, BOP, and PI-were significantly higher in the SIII-GC-PD group than in the PH and SIII-GC-P groups for both the full mouth and each sampling site (P<0.05). The total IL-34 and CSF-1 levels were significantly higher in the SIII-GC-PD group than in the PH and SIII-GC-P groups (P<0.05), and there were significant differences between the periodontitis groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that IL-34 and CSF-1 expression increases in patients with SIII-GC-PD. CSF-1 was associated with the inflammatory status of periodontal tissues and T2DM, while IL-34 was associated only with T2DM.

f散水濾床法에 依한 畜摩發水의 處理效果에 關한 硏究

魚秀美(Ahu Soo Mi) 한국환경보건학회 1985 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.11 No.2

The objectives of this study is to examine efficiency of swinery wastewater treal ment by trick1ing fi 1ters ’ pilot plant. The resu1ts of this study are as follows: 1. The characteristics of sample. The BODs was from 2.450 to 2.880mgll. COD(KMn04 acid method) was from 910 to 1.064 mg/l. and SS was from 920 to 990 mg/l. The pH of influent was from 7,3 to 7, 6. and the temperature of water was from 17, OoC to 22, 5 0C. 2, F::>r experiment by recirculation, the BODs rernoval efficiency is 65, 2 % at recirculati. on ra tio (r) = O. and 70,7% at r = L The rernoval efficiency of this study is higher túan NRC formula of U.S.A .. The recirculation is not significant effect on removal efficiency. 3, For experiment by hydraulic load, the BODs removal rate decreased from 73.1% at 3.1 m3/m2 . d to 65, 3 % at 9,2m3/m2. d. The design formula of this study which shows the removal rate of soluble BOD is Le/Li =10-0 • 24 D/QO.23(Q: hydraulic load, D: depth of filter). 4, For experiment by organic load, the BODs removal rate is increased from 70, 2 % a t 0, 77kg/m3.d to 75.4% at 4, 28kg/m3.d. We can obtain the straight 1ine Y=0,749x(y: removed BOD. x : applied BOD) by the least squares method. 5, We can know that trick1ing filters is strong with the hydraulic load and the organic matter shock load. Here, we can judge that trickling fi 1ters is a good method for the treatment of swinery wastewater which containing high concentrated organic matter.

Model and Field Testing of a Heavy-Duty Gas Turbine Combustor

Kook Young Ahu,Han Seok Kim,Vjacheslav Ivanovich Antonovsk 대한기계학회 2001 KSME International Journal Vol.15 No.9

중금속 및 CN 이 BOD5 측정에 미치는 영향

魚秀美(Soo Mi Ahu),朴培培(Sung Bae Park) 한국환경보건학회 1991 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study was performed to investigate the effect of heavy metals and CN on BODs measurement. The results were as follows ; 1. The BODs value decreased20% in Cd(CdCb) 3.0rngfl, Ni(NiCI2) 7.0rng/l, Cu(CuCb) 0.5mgfl, Pb(Pb(NÜJ)2) 9.0rngfl, Cr(K2 Cr2 0 7) l. Orngfl respectively. 2. πle BODs value decreased 10% in Zn(Zn(N03)2) 5rng/l, Fe(FeC!a) 20rng/l, and 25% in CN(KCN) 5rngfl, and 40% in Hg(HgCh) 0.2rng/L 3. In Comparion with BOD Rapid Analyzer, the above mentioned heavy metals concentrations have no effect on BODs value of that analyzer except CN.

오수정화시설 및 정화조 방류수의 수질오염도에 관한연구

어수미(Soo Mi Ahu),이홍근(Hong Keun Lee) 한국환경보건학회 1991 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.17 No.2

This study was performed to investigate the contamination degree of effluent from the sewage purification system and septic tank. The 711 samples. were collected from the large size tank located in Seoul from Mar. to ]une 1991. The results were as follows ; 1. The pH va1ues of effluent were largely neutra1 of 6.96 in sewage and 7.43 in septic ta‘- 2. The average concentration of BOD was 48. 18 mgjl in sewage and 127.0mgjl in septic tank. 3. The average concentration of SS was 40.8mgjl in sewage and 90. 5 mgjl in septic ta. 4. 1n the analysis of nutrient salts. the average concentration of NH3-N was 31.62mgjl in sewage and 88. 79 mgjl in septic tank. 5. 1n the analysis of correlation among items. BOD. SS. NH3-N and P04-P were higly correlated beween items. 6. As a results of above analysis. it is considered as desirable evaluation method of effluent not through the only item but through the integrated items.

서울地域 地下水의 汚梁度와 成分別 相關性 檢討

魚秀美(Soo Mi Ahu),吳秀隔(Soo Kyoung Oh),朴聖培(Sung Bae Park) 한국환경보건학회 1989 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.15 No.1

This survey was performed to investigate contamination degree and signíficance in each item of 406 samp1es of ground water, which was collected in Seou1 area from J an. to Dec. 1988. The resu1ts of this study were as follows; 1. The unsuitab1e rate of ground water investigated was 69.7%(32.4% in on1y bacteria, 23.6% in both bacteria and physico-chemistry and 13.6% in only physico-chemical contamination). 2. The unsuitab1e rate in each item was the highest(54.2%) in standard p1ate countand 29.8% in coliform, 12.8% in turbidity, 11.3% in Zn, and 10.8% in Mn. 3. The total mean concentrations in each item were 10wer than standard except standard plate count, coliform, and Fe. 4. In the analysis of corelation ,among items, both total hardness and residual solids were showed very high correlatioIl ship (P < 0.01) with other items, and both S.P.C. and coliform showed very high1y significant (P < 0.0 1) with NH3 -N.