Occurrence of Microcystin-Containing Toxic Water Blooms in Central India

( Agrawal ),( Manish K. ),( Shubhro K. Ghosh ),( Divya Bagchi ),( Juergen Weckesser ),( Marcel Erhard ),( Suvendra N. Bagchi ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2006 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.16 No.2

Nonlinear interaction behaviour of plane frame-layered soil system subjected to seismic loading

Agrawal, Ramakant,Hora, M.S. Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.41 No.6

The foundation of a tall building frame resting on settable soil mass undergoes differential settlements which alter the forces in the structural members significantly. For tall buildings it is essential to consider seismic forces in analysis. The building frame, foundation and soil mass are considered to act as single integral compatible structural unit. The stress-strain characteristics of the supporting soil play a vital role in the interaction analysis. The resulting differential settlements of the soil mass are responsible for the redistribution of forces in the superstructure. In the present work, the nonlinear interaction analysis of a two-bay ten-storey plane building frame- layered soil system under seismic loading has been carried out using the coupled finite-infinite elements. The frame has been considered to act in linear elastic manner while the soil mass to act as nonlinear elastic manner. The subsoil in reality exists in layered formation and consists of various soil layers having different properties. Each individual soil layer in reality can be considered to behave in nonlinear manner. The nonlinear layered system as a whole will undergo differential settlements. Thus, it becomes essential to study the structural behaviour of a structure resting on such nonlinear composite layered soil system. The nonlinear constitutive hyperbolic soil model available in the literature is adopted to model the nonlinear behaviour of the soil mass. The structural behaviour of the interaction system is investigated as the shear forces and bending moments in superstructure get significantly altered due to differential settlements of the soil mass.

Radiological Downstaging with Neoadjuvant Therapy in Unresectable Gall Bladder Cancer Cases

Agrawal, Sushma,Mohan, Lalit,Mourya, Chandan,Neyaz, Zafar,Saxena, Rajan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Background: Gall bladder cancer (GBC) usually presents as unresectable or metastatic disease. We conducted a feasibility study to evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) on radiologic downstaging and resectability in unresectable GBC cases. Materials and Methods: Patients with locally advanced disease were treated with chemoradiotherapy [CTRT] ( external radiotherapy (45Gy) along with weekly concurrent cisplatin $35mg/m^2$ and 5-FU 500 mg) and those with positive paraaortic nodes were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy [NACT (cisplatin $25mg/m^2$ and gemcitabine $1gm/m^2$ day 1 and 8, 3 weekly for 3 cycles). Radiological assessment was according to RECIST criteria by evaluating downstaging of liver involvement and lymphadenopathy into complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). Results: A total of 40 patients were evaluated from January 2012 to December 2014 (CTRT=25, NACT=15). Pretreatment CT scans revealed involvement of hilum (19), liver infiltration (38), duodenum involvement (n=22), colon involvement (n=11), N1 involvement (n=11), N2 disease (n=8), paraaortic LN (n=15), and no lymphadenopathy (n=6). After neoadjuvant therapy, liver involvement showed CR in 11(30%), PR in 4 (10.5%), SD in 15 (39.4%) and lymph node involvement showed CR in 17 (50%), PR in 6 (17.6%), SD in 4 (11.7 %). Six patients (CTRT=2, NACT=4) with 66.6 % and 83% downstaging of liver and lymphnodes respectively underwent extended cholecystectomy. There was 16.6 % and 83.3% rates of histopathological CR of liver and lymph nodes. All resections were R0. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant therapy in unresectable gall bladder cancer results in a 15% resectability rate. This approach has a strong potential in achieving R0 and node negative disease. Radiologic downstaging (CR+PR) of liver involvement is 40.5% and lymphadenopathy is 67.5%. Nodal regression could serve as a predictor of response to neoadjuvant therapy.

Rice proteomics: Ending phase I and the beginning of phase II

Agrawal, Ganesh Kumar,Jwa, Nam-Soo,Rakwal, Randeep WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Proteomics Vol.9 No.4

<P>Rice is a critically important food crop plant on our planet. It is also an excellent model plant for cereal crops, and now in position to serve as a reference plant for biofuel production. Proteomics study of rice therefore is crucial to better understand “rice” as a whole. Rice proteomics has moved well beyond the initial proteome analysis in the early to late 1990s. Since the year 2000, numerous proteomic studies have been performed in rice during growth and development and against a wide variety of environmental factors. These proteomic investigations have established the high-resolution 2-D reference gels of rice tissues, organs, and organelle under normal and adverse (stressed) conditions by optimizing suitable, reproducible systems for gel, and MS-based proteomic techniques, which “rejuvenated” the rice proteome field. This constituted the “phase I” in rice proteomics, and resulted in rice being labeled as the “cornerstone” of cereal food crop proteomes. Now, we are in position to state that rice proteomics today marks the “beginning of phase II”. This is due to the fact that rice researchers are capable of digging deeper into the rice proteome, mapping PTMs (in particular reversible protein phosphorylation), performing inter- and intra-species comparisons, integrating proteomics data with other “omic” technologies-generated data, and probing the functional aspect of individual proteins. These advancements and their impact on the future of rice proteomics are the focus of this review.</P>

Pituitary apoplexy in an adolescent male with macroprolactinoma presenting as middle cerebral artery territory infarction

Agrawal Pankaj,Newbold Sally,Busaidi Ayisha Al,Kapoor Ritika R,Thomas Nick,Aylwin Simon JB,Buchanan Charles R,Arya Ved Bhushan 대한소아내분비학회 2022 Apem Vol.27 No.4

Pituitary apoplexy typically presents with acute headache, vomiting, visual disturbance, and confusion. Herein, we report a rare presentation of ischemic stroke due to pituitary apoplexy. A 16.5-year-old male presented with reduced Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, slurred speech, right-sided hemiparesis, and bitemporal hemianopia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a large hemorrhagic sellar/suprasellar mass and an area of cortical T2/FLAIR hyperintensity with corresponding diffusion restriction in the middle cerebral artery territory. Computed tomography (CT) intracranial angiogram showed luminal occlusion of the clinoid and ophthalmic segments of both internal carotid arteries (ICAs, left>right) due to mass pressure effect. Biochemical investigations confirmed hyperprolactinemia and multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies. Stress-dose hydrocortisone was commenced with cabergoline, followed by urgent endoscopic transsphenoidal debulking of the tumor (subsequent histology showing prolactinoma). Postoperative CT angiogram showed improved caliber of ICAs. Intensive neurorehabilitation was implemented and resulted in complete recovery of motor and cognitive deficits. At the last assessment (18.8 years), the patient remained on complete anterior pituitary hormone replacement without cabergoline. Pituitary apoplexy is a medical emergency requiring prompt recognition and treatment and should be suspected in patients presenting with sudden, severe headache; nausea; or visual disturbance and meningism. Ischemic stroke is a rare manifestation of pituitary apoplexy in the pediatric population.

Optimization of binary and ternary concrete composed of fly ash and ultra-fine slag using GRA

Agrawal, Vinay Mohan,Savoika, Purnanand P. Techno-Press 2021 Advances in concrete construction Vol.12 No.4

The paper presents the study of concrete made with supplementary cementitious materials such as Fly Ash (FA) and Ultra Fine Slag (UFS). Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is partially replaced with 20%, 30%, and 40% of FA by weight of cementitious content in three FA binary combinations. OPC is further replaced with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of UFS to all three binary combinations forming twelve ternary combinations. The paper assesses workability, strength behaviour, chloride migration, water permeability, and cost aspect of all mixes. The results indicate that the use of FA binary combinations improves the workability but mechanical and durability properties are compromised. In case of FA-UFS ternary combinations, the compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths have been observed to improve up to 36%, 13%, and 22%, respectively. Chloride migration and water permeability of ternary mix improve by 92% and 94% compared to reference concrete. An optimization technique using Taguchi-grey relational analysis (GRA) suggested that a ternary combination with 55% OPC, 30% FA, and 15% UFS qualify as an optimum mix combination.

Variations in the functions of Pitta Dosha as per gender and Prakriti

Agrawal, Sonam,Gehlot, Sangeeta Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2017 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.7 No.4

The Tridosha theory, which is the cornerstone of Ayurvedic physiology governs all the functions of human body and mind. Tridosha are responsible in determining one's Prakriti and their functional status may vary in both gender of different Prakriti. No research work is available to assess the functions of Dosha by objective parameters. Therefore, this study was planned to find out the variation in functional status of different types of Pitta, using certain objective parameters, in 201 young healthy volunteers of both gender belonging to different Prakriti. Serum level of triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein and glucose level were estimated for Pachaka Pitta and hemoglobin concentration for Ranjaka Pitta, visual acuity for Alochaka Pitta, memory and reaction time for Sadhaka Pitta and RGB value for Bhrajaka Pitta were measured. Except the functioning of Bhrajaka Pitta, variation in functional status of all type of Pitta was not the same in different Prakriti of both gender. However these findings were not significant which may have occurred due to small sample size and homogenous population. Thus we propose the consideration of sex differences while planning and evaluating the studies that are based on Prakriti.

HARD X-RAY PULSATIONS IN GX 1+4

AGRAWAL P. C.,PAUL B.,RAO A. R.,CHANDA R. K. MAN The Korean Astronomical Society 1996 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.29 No.suppl1

The x-ray pulsar GX 1+4 was observed by us in four balloon- borne experiments carried out from Hyderabad, India during 1991-1995 period with a hard x-ray telescope. The x-ray telescope consists of two collimated large area xenon-filled proportional counters with an effective area of $2400 cm^2$, a field of view of $5^{\circ}{\times}5^{\circ}$ and sensitive in the energy band of 20 - 100 keV. The pulsar was detected in bright state in two of the four experiments and x-ray pulsations with 120 second period were detected clearly. Pulsation period, rate of change of period with time, pulse fraction, pulse profile and energy spectra of the source were determined from these studies. During March 1995 observation, the x-ray pulse of GX 1+4 was found to be double-peaked compared to a single-peak pulse profile detected in December 1993. Details of these results are presented and their interpretation discussed in terms of the current accretion models of x-ray binaries.

Interface state density and barrier height improvement in ammonium sulfide treated Al2O3/Si interfaces

Agrawal Khushabu,Patil Vilas,Ali Fida,Rabelo Matheus,우원종,조은철,Yi Junsin 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.26 No.-

The HF treatment removes the native oxide and lays behind the dangling bonds over the Si surface which causes the increment in density of interface traps (Dit) through the direct deposition of high-k dielectric on Si. Here, we propose the facile method for reduction of interface traps and improvement in barrier height with the (NH4)2S treatment on Al2O3/Si interfaces, which can be used as the base for the non-volatile memory device. The AFM was used to optimize the treatment time and surface properties, while XPS measurements were carried out to study the interface and extract the barrier height (ΦB). The short period of 20 s treatment shows the improvement in the barrier height (1.02 eV), while the one order reduction in the Dit (0.84 × 1012 cm2/eV) of sulfur passivated Al/Al2O3/Si MOS device. The results indicate the favorable passivation of the dangling bonds over the Si surfaces covered by sulfur atoms.

Nonlinear interaction behaviour of infilled frame-isolated footings-soil system subjected to seismic loading

Agrawal, Ramakant,Hora, M.S. Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.44 No.1

The building frame and its foundation along with the soil on which it rests, together constitute a complete structural system. In the conventional analysis, a structure is analysed as an independent frame assuming unyielding supports and the interactive response of soil-foundation is disregarded. This kind of analysis does not provide realistic behaviour and sometimes may cause failure of the structure. Also, the conventional analysis considers infill wall as non-structural elements and ignores its interaction with the bounding frame. In fact, the infill wall provides lateral stiffness and thus plays vital role in resisting the seismic forces. Thus, it is essential to consider its effect especially in case of high rise buildings. In the present research work the building frame, infill wall, isolated column footings (open foundation) and soil mass are considered to act as a single integral compatible structural unit to predict the nonlinear interaction behaviour of the composite system under seismic forces. The coupled isoparametric finite-infinite elements have been used for modelling of the interaction system. The material of the frame, infill and column footings has been assumed to follow perfectly linear elastic relationship whereas the well known hyperbolic soil model is used to account for the nonlinearity of the soil mass.