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Capital Regulations, Risk and Efficiency Nexus in Emerging Economies
Adnan BASHIR,Asma SALMAN,Rania ITANI 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.6
This research examines the dynamic linkage among capital regulations, risk, and efficiency in the Pakistani and Indian banking industries. This paper has used the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) during the period between 2009–2016. The study covers findings on both countries collectively and separately as well. The results of the study reveal that while capital requirements have a positive impact on the overall risk, they proved to have also a negative impact on the overall efficiency of both countries. The results unveil that Basel capital regulations have increased the banks’ risk-taking; however, these capital regulations decrease the collective banks’ efficiency in both countries. Furthermore, individual capital regulations in Pakistan and Indian banks have a positive effect on the risks of these banks. These capital regulations have no effect on Pakistani banking efficiency while these regulations decrease the efficiency in Indian banks. The results have shown that these regulations have an identical positive effect on the risk of each country but that is not the case of bank efficiency of each country. Basel III capital regulations on both countries’ banks neither increase nor reduce the bank risk.
Multiphoton amplitudes and generalized Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformation in scalar QED
Ahmadiniaz, Naser,Bashir, Adnan,Schubert, Christian American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review D Vol.93 No.4
<P>We apply the worldline formalism to amplitudes in scalar quantum electrodynamics involving open scalar lines, with an emphasis on their nonperturbative gauge dependence. At the tree level, we study the scalar propagator interacting with any number of photons in configuration space as well as in momentum space. At one loop we rederive, in an efficient way, the off-shell vertex in an arbitrary dimension and any covariant gauge. Generalizing the Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformation for the nonperturbative propagator, we find simple nonperturbative transformation rules for arbitrary x-space amplitudes under a change of the covariant gauge parameter in terms of conformal cross ratios.</P>
Forecasting Exchange Rates: An Empirical Application to Pakistani Rupee
Muhammad ASADULLAH,Adnan BASHIR,Abdur Rahman ALEEMI 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.4
This study aims to forecast the exchange rate by a combination of different models as proposed by Poon and Granger (2003). For this purpose, we include three univariate time series models, i.e., ARIMA, Naïve, Exponential smoothing, and one multivariate model, i.e., NARDL. This is the first of its kind endeavor to combine univariate models along with NARDL to the best of our knowledge. Utilizing monthly data from January 2011 to December 2020, we predict the Pakistani Rupee against the US dollar by a combination of different forecasting techniques. The observations from M1 2020 to M12 2020 are held back for in-sample forecasting. The models are then assessed through equal weightage and var-cor methods. Our results suggest that NARDL outperforms all individual time series models in terms of forecasting the exchange rate. Similarly, the combination of NARDL and Naïve model again outperformed all of the individual as well as combined models with the lowest MAPE value of 0.612 suggesting that the Pakistani Rupee exchange rate against the US Dollar is dependent upon the macro-economic fundamentals and recent observations of the time series. Further evidence shows that the combination of models plays a vital role in forecasting, as stated by Poon and Granger (2003).
Qazi Manaan,Adil Bashir,Adnan Zahoor,Taseem A. Mokhdomi,Qazi Danish 대한정형외과학회 2016 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.8 No.3
Floating arm injury represents a common yet complicated injury of the childhood severely associated with limb deformation and even morbidity, if not precisely addressed and credibly operated. Here, we report a rare floating upper limb case of a 9-year-old boy with multiple injuries of ipsilateral proximal humeral, supracondylar and distal radial limb. This is the first report to document such a combined floating elbow and floating arm injury in the same limb. In this report, we discuss the surgical procedures used and recovery of the patient monitored to ascertain the effectiveness of the method in limb reorganisation.
Muhammad TABISH,Muhammad Adnan BASHIR,Muhammad Mansoor ALAM,Zalizah Awang LONG,Mohd. Khairil RAHMAT 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.3
The purpose of this study is to examine the role of virtual community participation and engagement in the brand decision by building community and brand trust. In this study, two theories (Social Capital Theory and Theory of Collective Action) were tested. Both theories were linked based on existing literature, and empirical evidence was obtained through testing hypotheses. Students from five prestigious Pakistani business schools provided a total of 849 replies. The measurement model and structural model were both analyzed using the partial least square (PLS) method. The findings show that virtual community engagement and participation have a positive and significant impact on virtual community trust. Although virtual community engagement has a positive effect on brand trust, we found no evidence of a link between virtual community participation and brand trust. Later, these trusts positively influence brand choice. This study has several managerial implications. The suggested model of this study helps managers to get customers’ insight, choose the right target market, and set integrated marketing communication strategies besides social media marketing strategies. The study represents a new perspective of consumer behavior that helps to understand how a customer behaves in virtual communities to trust and take the final decision to purchase.
Dengue Virus Serotypes Circulating in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan, 2013-2015
Muhammad Suleman,Rani Faryal,Muhammad Masroor Alam,Salmaan Sharif,Shahzad Shaukat,Uzma Bashir Aamir,Adnan Khurshid,Mehar Angez,Massab Umair,Mian Muhammad Sufian,Yasir Arshad,Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi 대한진단검사의학회 2017 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.37 No.2
From 2013 to 2015, the National Institute of Health, Pakistan, received 1,270 blood samples of suspected dengue cases reported from inpatient and outpatient departments of various hospitals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province. In this study, we determined the circulating dengue virus (DENV) serotypes using real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR to understand the serotype-based epidemiology of DENV. All four serotypes (DENV-1 [6%], DENV-2 [33%], DENV-3 [47%], and DENV-4 [0.1%]) were found circulating during the study period. Our findings suggest the need for an active surveillance system coupled with the laboratory diagnosis, especially in the chronic endemic areas of the country. Public awareness programs are needed for effective control and prevention of outbreaks in the future.