간호대생과 의대생의 간호사 이미지 비교

구민진,김수영,방정민,서아영,양희진,윤소람,이윤재,이재은,이지연,정윤경,최수정 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2014 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.48

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the difference in the perception that nursing students and medical students have regarding the image of nurses. Method: The sampling group for this study was made up of 111 nursing students and 117 medicine students, conducted from the 19th August 2013 to 3rd September 2013. The tool used for this study is the “Nurse Image Scale”. The data is analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 program, technical stats, t-test and ANOVA with Scheffe test. Result: There was a notable difference in the results(t=6.94, p<001), with the average image perception score of nurses at 3.84±0.34 amongst nursing students being higher than the 3.50±0.38 amongst Medicine students. The average score of the 4 areas tested, “Qualification of a Nurse”, “Role of a Nurse”, “Social Participation of a Nurse” and “Interpersonal Skills of a Nurse” were all marked higher by the nursing students than the medicine students. The average score became notably higher as the period of practice became shorter with nursing students (F=4.21, p=.043). Furthermore, the average score for the “Qualification of a Nurse” was notably higher as the period of practice became shorter (F=3.98, p=.049). Medical students gave an average score for the “Qualification of a Nurse”(F=3.72, p=.027) and the “Interpersonal Skills of a Nurse”(F=4.11, p=.019) which was relative to the development of a nurse’s image, while the average score for the “Role of a Nurse” was notably higher with a longer period of practice(F=6.65, p=.011). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the image perception of a nurse can vary depending on the experience in period of practice. Therefore, together with this study conducted with nursing students and medicine students, there is a need for further studies conducted on image perception of nurses with various experience in period of practice.

J-PLUS: Identification of low-metallicity stars with artificial neural networks using SPHINX

Whitten, D. D.,Placco, V. M.,Beers, T. C.,Chies-Santos, A. L.,Bonatto, C.,Varela, J.,Cristó,bal-Hornillos, D.,Ederoclite, A.,Masseron, T.,Lee, Y. S.,Akras, S.,Borges Fernandes, M.,Caballero, J. Springer-Verlag 2019 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.622 No.-

<P><I>Context.</I> We present a new methodology for the estimation of stellar atmospheric parameters from narrow- and intermediate-band photometry of the Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS), and propose a method for target pre-selection of low-metallicity stars for follow-up spectroscopic studies. Photometric metallicity estimates for stars in the globular cluster M15 are determined using this method.</P><P><I>Aims.</I> By development of a neural-network-based photometry pipeline, we aim to produce estimates of effective temperature, <I>T</I>eff, and metallicity, [Fe/H], for a large subset of stars in the J-PLUS footprint.</P><P><I>Methods.</I> The Stellar Photometric Index Network Explorer, SPHINX, was developed to produce estimates of <I>T</I>eff and [Fe/H], after training on a combination of J-PLUS photometric inputs and synthetic magnitudes computed for medium-resolution (<I>R</I> ~ 2000) spectra of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. This methodology was applied to J-PLUS photometry of the globular cluster M15.</P><P><I>Results.</I> Effective temperature estimates made with J-PLUS Early Data Release photometry exhibit low scatter, σ(<I>T</I>eff) = 91 K, over the temperature range 4500 < <I>T</I>eff (K) < 8500. For stars from the J-PLUS First Data Release with 4500 < <I>T</I>eff (K) < 6200, 85 ± 3% of stars known to have [Fe/H] < −2.0 are recovered by SPHINX. A mean metallicity of [Fe/H] = − 2.32 ± 0.01, with a residual spread of 0.3 dex, is determined for M15 using J-PLUS photometry of 664 likely cluster members.</P><P><I>Conclusions.</I> We confirm the performance of SPHINX within the ranges specified, and verify its utility as a stand-alone tool for photometric estimation of effective temperature and metallicity, and for pre-selection of metal-poor spectroscopic targets.</P>

On multivariate discrete least squares

Lee, Y.J.,Micchelli, C.A.,Yoon, J. Academic Press 2016 Journal of approximation theory Vol.211 No.-

<P>For a positive integer n is an element of N we introduce the index set N-n := {1, 2,..., n}. Let X := {x(i) : i is an element of N-n} be a distinct set of vectors in R-d, Y := {y(i) : i is an element of N-n} a prescribed data set of real numbers in R and F := {f(j) : j is an element of N-m}, m < n, a given set of real valued continuous functions defined on some neighborhood O of R-d containing X. The discrete least squares problem determines a (generally unique) function f = Sigma(j is an element of Nm) c(j)(star) f(j) is an element of spanF which minimizes the square of the l(2)-norm Sigma(i is an element of Nn) (Sigma(j is an element of Nm) c(j)f(j)(x(i)) - y(i))(2) over all vectors (c(j) : j is an element of N-m) is an element of R-m. The value of f at some s is an element of O may be viewed as the optimally predicted value (in the l(2)-sense) of all functions in spanF from the given data X = {x(i) : i is an element of N-n} and Y = {y(i) : i is an element of N-n}. We ask 'What happens if the components of X and s are nearly the same'. For example, when all these vectors are near the origin in R-d. From a practical point of view this problem comes up in image analysis when we wish to obtain a new pixel value from nearby available pixel values as was done in [2], for a specified set of functions F. This problem was satisfactorily solved in the univariate case in Section 6 of Lee and Micchelli (2013). Here, we treat the significantly more difficult multivariate case using an approach recently provided in Yeon Ju Lee, Charles A. Micchelli and Jungho Yoon (2015). (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc.</P>

Novel anti-apoptotic mechanism of A20 through targeting ASK1 to suppress TNF-induced JNK activation

Won, M,Park, K A,Byun, H S,Sohn, K-C,Kim, Y-R,Jeon, J,Hong, J H,Park, J,Seok, J H,Kim, J M,Yoon, W-H,Jang, I-S,Shen, H M,Liu, Z G,Hur, G M Macmillan Publishers Limited 2010 CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION Vol.17 No.12

The zinc-finger protein A20 has crucial physiological functions as a dual inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and apoptosis in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 signaling pathway. Although the molecular basis for the anti-NF-κB function of A20 has been well elucidated, the anti-apoptotic function of A20 is largely unknown. Here, we report a novel mechanism underlying the anti-apoptotic function of A20: A20 blocks TNF-induced apoptosis through suppression of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by targeting apoptosis signal-regulating kinase1 (ASK1). First, the ectopic expression of A20 drastically inhibits TNF-induced JNK activation and apoptosis in multiple cell types including those deficient of NF-κB activation. Unexpectedly, the blunting effect of A20 on TNF-induced JNK activation is not mediated by affecting the TNFR1 signaling complex formation. Instead, A20 interacts with ASK1, an important MAPKK kinase in the JNK signaling cascade. More importantly, overexpression of wild-type A20, but not of mutant A20 (ZnF4; C624A, C627A), promotes degradation of the ASK1 through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Taken together, the results from this study reveal a novel anti-apoptotic mechanism of A20 in TNF signaling pathway: A20 binds to ASK1 and mediates ASK1 degradation, leading to suppression of JNK activation and eventually blockage of apoptosis.

Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation

Kim, S.-H.,Lee, S.-O.,Park, I.-A.,Park, S.J.,Choi, S.-H.,Kim, Y.S.,Woo, J.H.,Park, S.-K.,Park, J.S.,Kim, S.C.,Han, D.J. Blackwell Publishing Inc 2010 Transplant infectious disease Vol.12 No.2

<P>S.-H. Kim, S.-O. Lee, I.-A. Park, S.J. Park, S.-H. Choi, Y.S. Kim, J.H. Woo, S.-K. Park, J.S. Park, S.C. Kim, D.J. Han. Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation.Transpl Infect Dis 2010: <B>12:</B> 113–119. All rights reserved</P><P>Background</P><P>The presence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) should be evaluated before kidney transplantation. Although a new T cell-based assay for diagnosing LTBI gave promising results, this assay has not yet been compared with the tuberculin skin test (TST) for diagnosing LTBI in renal transplant candidates before transplantation.</P><P>Patients and methods</P><P>All adult patients admitted to a single institute for renal transplantation over a 1-year period were prospectively enrolled. A clinically predictive risk of LTBI was defined as: (i) recent close contact with a person with pulmonary TB; (ii) abnormal chest radiography; (iii) a history of untreated or inadequately treated TB; or (iv) a new infection (i.e., a recent conversion of TST).</P><P>Results</P><P>Of 209 renal recipients, 47 (22%) had a positive TST≥5 mm, 21 (10%) had a positive TST≥10 mm, 65 (30%) had a positive T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test, and 25 (12%) had an indeterminate T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test. The induration size of TST was significantly associated with a high positivity rate on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> (<I>P</I><0.001). Agreement between T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test and TST≥10 mm was fair (<I>k</I>=0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.11–0.36). However, neither univariate nor multivariate analysis showed any association between the clinical risk for LTBI and positivity on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> or TST.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test was more frequently positive than TST in renal transplant candidates. However, further longitudinal studies are awaited to determine whether the ability of T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> assay to detect LTBI in renal transplant recipients can better predict the development of TB than can TST after transplantation.</P>

Effect of Mandatory Radiology Consultation on Inpatient Imaging Use : A Randomized Controlled Trial

Bree, Robert L.,Kazerooni, Ella A.,Katz, Steven J. MediMedia Korea 1997 JAMA-Korea Vol.12 No.2

Temperature dependent structure formation and photoluminescence studies of a series of magnesium-based coordination networks

Calderone, P.J.,Banerjee, D.,Plonka, A.M.,Kim, S.J.,Parise, J.B. Elsevier Sequoia [etc.] 2013 Inorganica chimica acta Vol.394 No.-

A series of three magnesium trimesate coordination networks was synthesized from identical reaction mixtures by varying synthetic temperature. Mg(HBTC)(DMF)<SUB>2</SUB>.[(CH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>NH] (1; BTC=trimesate; space group P6<SUB>3</SUB>/m, a=16.596(4)A, c=14.351(8)A) crystallizes at 65<SUP>o</SUP>C, Mg<SUB>3</SUB>(BTC)(HCOO)<SUB>3</SUB>(DMF)<SUB>3</SUB> (2; space group P@?3, a=13.928(2)A, c=8.025(6)A) crystallizes at 100<SUP>o</SUP>C, and Mg<SUB>3</SUB>(BTC)<SUB>2</SUB>(DMF)<SUB>4</SUB> (3; space group P2<SUB>1</SUB>/c, a=17.490(4)A, b=11.940(2)A, c=18.460(4)A, β=116.87(3)<SUP>o</SUP>) crystallizes at a temperature of 180<SUP>o</SUP>C. Each network contains metal-coordinated solvent DMF molecules, but thermodynamics and solvent hydrolysis play major roles in structure formation. Compounds 1 and 2 are two-dimensional networks which incorporate hydrolysis byproducts. Compound 3 is a three-dimensional network and shows no inclusion of byproducts. The series follows the trend of increased network connectivity resulting from increased temperature. Each of the networks show a weak photoluminescence response, suggesting that coordinated solvent molecules and interlayer species play a role in quenching photoluminescence.

Search for a very light NMSSM Higgs boson produced in decays of the 125 GeV scalar boson and decaying into τ leptons in pp collisions at s = 8 $$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV

Khachatryan, V.,Sirunyan, A. M.,Tumasyan, A.,Adam, W.,Asilar, E.,Bergauer, T.,Brandstetter, J.,Brondolin, E.,Dragicevic, M.,Erö,, J.,Flechl, M.,Friedl, M.,Frü,hwirth, R.,Ghete, V. M.,Hartl, C. Springer-Verlag 2016 Journal of high energy physics Vol.2016 No.1

<P>A search for a very light Higgs boson decaying into a pair of tau leptons is presented within the framework of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model. This search is based on a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The signal is defined by the production of either of the two lightest scalars, h(1) or h(2), via gluon-gluon fusion and subsequent decay into a pair of the lightest Higgs bosons, a(1) or h(1). The h(1) or h(2) boson is identified with the observed state at a mass of 125 GeV. The analysis searches for decays of the a(1) (h(1)) states into pairs of tau leptons and covers a mass range for the a(1) (h(1)) boson of 4 to 8 GeV. The search reveals no significant excess in data above standard model background expectations, and an upper limit is set on the signal production cross section times branching fraction as a function of the a(1) (h(1)) boson mass. The 95% confidence level limit ranges from 4.5 pb at m(a1) (m(h1)) = 8 GeV to 10.3 pb at m(a1) (m(h1)) = 5 GeV.</P>

THE UNAM-KIAS CATALOG OF ISOLATED GALAXIES

Herná,ndez-Toledo, H. M.,Vá,zquez-Mata, J. A.,Martí,nez-Vá,zquez, L. A.,Choi, Yun-Young,Park, Changbom American Institute of Physics 2010 The Astronomical journal Vol.139 No.6

<P>A new catalog of isolated galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 5 (SDSS DR5) is presented. A total of 1520 isolated galaxies were found in 1.4 sr of sky. The selection criteria in this UNAM-KIAS catalog are a variation on the criteria developed by Karachentseva, including full redshift information. Through an image processing pipeline that takes advantage of the high-resolution (~0<img entity='farcs' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/icons/Entities/farcs.gif' ALT='farcs' ALIGN='BOTTOM' />4 pixel<SUP>–1</SUP>) and high dynamic range of the SDSS images, a uniform g-band morphological classification for all these galaxies is presented. We identify 80% (Sa-Sm) spirals (50% later than Sbc types) on one hand, and a scarce population of early-type E (6.5%) and S0 (8%) galaxies amounting to 14.5% on the other hand. This magnitude-limited catalog is ~80% complete at 16.5, 15.6, 15.2, 14.6, and 14.4 mag in the ugriz bands, respectively. Some representative physical properties including SDSS magnitudes and color distributions, color-color diagrams, absolute magnitude-color, and concentration-color diagrams as a function of morphological type are presented. The UNAM-KIAS Morphological Atlas is also released along with this paper. For each galaxy of a type later than Sa, a mosaic is presented that includes (1) a g-band logarithmic image, (2) a g-band filtered-enhanced image where a Gaussian kernel of various sizes was applied, and (3) a red giant branch color image from the SDSS database. For E/S0/Sa galaxies, in addition to the images in (1), (2), and (3), plots of r-band surface brightness and geometric profiles (ellipticity ε, position angle PA, and A<SUB>4</SUB>/B<SUB>4</SUB> coefficients of the Fourier series expansions of deviations of a pure ellipse) are provided. The size of the sample, the redshift completeness, the availability of high-quality multicolor photometric data and detailed morphological and spectroscopic information make the UNAM-KIAS catalog of isolated galaxies a suitable sample to address important issues such as (1) comparative studies of environmental effects, (2) constraining the currently competing scenarios of galaxy formation and evolution, (3) the nature and evolution of elliptical and spiral galaxies in the field, (4) the spectral properties of a statistically significant number of isolated galaxies and their evolution as a function of redshift, and (5) the fraction of active galactic nuclei in isolated environments, among other important topics. The optimization and estimation of new structural parameters as well as important information to complement existing ones in other wavelengths is being carried out.</P>

Mode Change of a Gamma-Ray Pulsar, PSR J2021+4026

Zhao, J.,Ng, C. W.,Lin, L. C. C.,Takata, J.,Cai, Y.,Hu, C.-P.,Yen, D. C. C.,Tam, P. H. T.,Hui, C. Y.,Kong, A. K. H.,Cheng, K. S. American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.842 No.1

<P>A glitch of a pulsar is known as a sudden increase in the spin frequency and spin-down rate (frequency time derivative), and it can be caused by a sudden release of the stress built up in the solid crust of the star or pinned vortices in the superfluid interior. PSR J2021+4026 is the first pulsar that shows a significant change in the gamma-ray flux and pulse profile at the glitch that occurred around 2011 October 16. We report the results of timing and spectral analysis of PSR J2021+4026 using similar to 8 yr Fermi. Large Area Telescope data. We find that the pulsar stayed at a high spin-down rate (similar to 4% higher than the pre-glitch value) and a low gamma-ray state (similar to 18% lower) for about 3 yr. after the glitch. Around 2014 December, the spin-down rate and gamma-ray flux gradually returned to pre-glitch values within a timescale of a. few months. The phase-resolved spectra and pulse profiles after the relaxation are also consistent with those before the glitch. The observed long-term evolution of the spin-down rate and the gamma-ray flux indicates that the glitch triggered a mode change in the global magnetosphere. We speculate that the glitch changed. the local magnetic field structure around the polar cap and/or the inclination angle of the. dipole axis, leading to. a change in the electric current circulating in the. magnetosphere.</P>