Assessment of social vulnerability to natural hazards in South Korea: case study for typhoon hazard

Yohana Noradika Maharani,이승수 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.1

Most often, disaster vulnerabilities are discussed from the perspective of developing countries. This paper extends the argument using an example from a developed country, by focusing on the South Korea during the period from 2009 to 2013. South Korea has suffered from a range of natural hazards throughout its history, and experienced one to three typhoons per year on the average, with most events occurring in August and September. Since 1945, around 17 major typhoons have directly affected South Korea. This study used Self Organizing Map (SOM) and Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) for data analysis in terms of the number of social vulnerability variables and samples. The dataset used for social vulnerability analysis consisted of 12 variables, which were adopted and adapted from the research literature related to Hurricane Katrina. However, some of the variables employed in this study might be more or less redundant, necessitating the removal of redundant variables from the accurate SOM analysis. Overall, during the period from 2009 to 2013, the variables of ELDRY (elderly population), POPDNSTY (population density), and DISBLD (disabled population) are the dominant variables which frequently appear as the two top variables that lead to an increase in social vulnerability. According to the findings related to the social vulnerability index, nearly half of all regions have positive values, which are categorized as highly vulnerable. As there are growing concerns on the adequacy of using the concept of vulnerability to address loss and damage, an additional approach was attempted by using typhoon hazard examples, e.g. Typhoons Dianmu and Kompasu of 2010, Typhoon Muifa of 2011, and Typhoon Sanba of 2012. Additional factors such as shortest distance from the typhoon track and maximum wind speed were considered together to obtain the weighted correlation between them. Based on the process of this study, SOM has an essential benefit in evaluating SoVI.

A Case Study on the Volcanic Eruption of Merapi 2010 and Kelud 2007, Java Island, Republic of Indonesia

Yohana Noradika Maharani,Sungsu Lee 한국방재학회 2012 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.11 No.-

Approximately 13% of the world’s active volcanoes are located in Indonesia. Indonesia has 129 active volcanoes those are scattered in Sumatra, Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku and Sulawesi islands(1). Seventy-nine of them erupted in historical times (type A). In this study, case study on the volcanic eruption of Merapi on 2010 and Kelud on 2007 are presented. The present study investigates a brief of volcano eruption characteristics, conditions to high risks areas, volcanic activity and its impact, national and local response in term of preparedness during the disaster. It was found that crisis management team was well organized and strategic; however the results showed that crisis management that was not fully integrated with the way of life of the local communities at risk and that information, communication and trust were lacking. Therefore, beside knowledge and awareness, the participation of the community is necessary in responding to a disaster.

Topographical Factors for Wind Speed in Undulating Terrain: A Case Study for Korean Peninsula

Maharani, Yohana Noradika,이승수,이영규,김학선 한국풍공학회 2009 한국풍공학회지 Vol.13 No.2

In this study, an analysis of topographical effects using five different codes was undertaken and four case studies for Korean Peninsula are presented. The five different codes are ASCE 7-05, AS/NZS 1170.2:2002, EUROCODE 2004, AIJ 2004, and KBC 2005. The present work investigates conditions to conjecture topographic factor effects using five different codes for undulating terrain in equally spaced eight wind directions. As a consequence of insufficient specifications from most wind codes, it is required to adopt parameter for upwind obstruction identified in ASCE 7-05 to other codes, which, in this paper, we called the mixing parameter method (MPM). This work compares topographic factors between the original codes and the codes using MPM in order to demonstrate the effects of undulating terrain, and also presented rationalized formula to comprehend the influential factors in each code. The resulting topographic factors are shown to be by the influence of different parameter in each code and slope of topography in the upwind direction.

최근 폭염 재난의 사회적 취약도 군집 분석

Yohana Noradika Maharani,이승수,백종현 한국재난정보학회 2020 한국재난정보학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.11

Heatwave and high temperatures in summer increase the risk for people living in South Korea regions. They lead to elevating the number of heatwave patients and health risks which coming from any backgrounds of gender, age, and occupation. This study focusing on the South Korea heatwaves during the period of 2016 to 2019, where the most heatwave events occurred in 2018. The purpose of this study is to identify the social vulnerability of individual risk factors and climatic factors on heatwaves related patients across 254 administrative counties in South Korea by using the approach of SOM (Self Organizing Map)’s clustering analysis. The dataset used for SOM analysis consisted from 44 variables which derived from 8 domains such as gender, age, occupation, thermal symptom, time of incident, place of incidents, number of heatwave days, and tropical nights. From this preliminary study, it demonstrated that SOM able to distinguished dataset, similarity and dissimilarity, unique clustering and sensible partitioning of the data.

Similarity Analysis of Indonesia Caldera to Mount Baekdu

이승수,이원호,Lee, Sungsu,Maharani, Yohana Noradika,Yi, Waon-Ho Computational Structural Engineering Institute of 2014 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.27 No.6

칼데라는 저장되어 있는 마그마의 대규모 폭발적인 분화 다음에 발생하는 지반의 붕괴에 의해 형성된다. 지구상에서 칼데라는 수 킬로미터에서 수십 킬로미터의 크기에 이르는 다양성을 갖는다. 칼데라 붕괴에 관련된 인도네시아의 화산붕괴는 많은 사망자뿐만 아니라 전 지구적 영향을 미친 바 있다. 본 연구는 인도네시아 칼데라의 사례 연구를 통해 칼데라인 백두산과의 유상성을 분석하였다. 주요 분석 관점은 주요 위해 요인, 최근 화산활동의 증상 및 가까운 장래에 분화하는 경우의 위험성 등이며, Krakatau산, Tambora산, Ijen산, Tengger 칼데라, Rinjani산 및 Ranau 칼데라에 대한 가중 평가 매트릭스를 사용하여 유사성 분석을 수행하였다. Caldera is a large depression commonly formed by collapse of the ground following explosive eruption of a large body of stored magma. On earth, calderas and caldera complexes range in size from kilometers to tens of kilometers. Historical eruptions associated with caldera collapse have led to huge fatalities in Indonesia as well as left global impacts. This study presents case study on calderas in Indonesia which resembles to Mount Baekdu located at the border of China and North Korea; in the perspectives of similar characteristics, principal hazard, recent symptom of volcanic activity and the threat if eruption occurs in the near future. Calculation by using weighted evaluation matrix for Mount Krakatau, Mount Tambora, Mount Ijen, Tengger Caldera, Mount Rinjani and Ranau Caldera were taken for the selection of a site for future case study.

Assessment of Local Social Vulnerability in Facing Merapi Volcanic Hazard

이승수,이원호,Lee, Sungsu,Maharani, Yohana Noradika,Yi, Waon-Ho Computational Structural Engineering Institute of 2014 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.27 No.6

자연재해에 있어서 취약성 분석계획의 우선순위 설정활동을 위한 기초자료로서 재해 위험분석의 주요한 요소이다. 화산폭발은 화산이 인구밀도가 높은 지역에 위치하고 있는 경우 많은 사상자와 재산피해를 야기한다. 화산폭발을 막을 수 없지만, 위험도와 취약성은 미래의 위기를 예측하는 신중한 계획과 준비작업을 통해 저감될 수 있다. 사회적 불평등으로서 사회적 취약성은 다양한 사회 구성원이 재해에 대응 능력에 민감한 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는 인도네시아 중부 자바에 위치한 메라피 화산 인근 지역주민들의 사회적 취약성을 평가하기 위하여 사회적 취약성 지수(SoVI) 기법을 활용하였다. SoVI는 사회적 위험부담을 이해하고 정량화하기 위하여 지역사회의 복원탄력성에 영향을 미치는 사회 경제적 및 인구 통계학적 요인을 이용하여 평가된다. 본 연구에서 사회적 취약성은 이해 관계자와 지역주민과의 설문조사를 통해 평가되었다. 연구결과로 도출된 취약성 지수는 사회적 취약성의 분포와 원인에 대한 정보를 반영함을 확인하였다. In regards to natural disasters, vulnerability analysis is a component of the disaster risk analysis with one of its objectives as a basis for planning priority setting activities. The volcano eruption raises many casualties and property in the surrounding area, especially when the volcano located in densely populated areas. Volcanic eruptions cannot be prevented, but the risk and vulnerability can be reduced which involve careful planning and preparations that anticipate a future crisis. The social vulnerability as social inequalities with those social factors can influence the susceptibility of various groups to harm and govern their ability to respond. This study carried out the methods of Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) to measure the socially created vulnerability of the people living in Merapi proximal hamlets in Central Java, Indonesia that refers to the socioeconomic and demographic factors that affect the resilience of communities in order to describe and understand the social burdens of risk. Social vulnerability captured here, using a qualitative survey based-data such as interviews to local people with random ages and background to capture the answer vary, also interviews to stakeholders to help define social vulnerability variables. The paper concludes that by constructing the vulnerability index for the hamlets, the study reveals information about the distribution and causes of social vulnerability. The analysis using SoVI confirms that this method works well in ensuring that positive values indicating high social vulnerability and vice versa.

지역 바람 특성을 고려한 한반도 근역 태풍의 지표풍 추정

이영규(Lee Young-Kyu),이승수(Lee Sungsu),김가영(Kim Ga Young),이동현(Lee Dong-Hyun),Yohana Noradika Maharani 대한토목학회 2008 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.10