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광산인근 논토양의 카드뮴 존재형태와 쌀의 카드뮴의 함량과의 관계
김원일(Won-Il Kim),박병준(Byung-Jun Park),박상원(Sang-Won Park),김진경(Jin-Kyoung Kim),권오경(Oh-Kyung Kwon),정구복(Goo-Bok Jung),이종근(Jong-Keun Lee),김정규(Jeong-Gyu Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2008 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.41 No.3
To assess the relationship between Cd fraction in paddy soils and Cd in polished rice, soils and rice were analyzed at the 3 Cd contaminated paddy fields near closed mines. Major Cd fractions of A field were organically bound (62.6%) and Fe-Mn oxide bound (25.3%) forms. In case of B field, major Cd fractions of B1 field were carbonate bound (46.3%) and Fe-Mn oxide bound (31.6%) form whereas B2 field were residual (54.3%) and carbonate bound (21.8%) form, respectively. It showed a huge difference of Cd fraction each other. 0.1M HCl extractable Cd in soil was positively correlated with Cd in rice. Specially, the ratios of 0.1M HCl extractable Cd against total Cd content in soils were 13.7%, 2.6%, and 0.45% in A, B1, and B2 fields, respectively. These ratio were largely affected with Cd uptake to rice grain. Also, exchangable, Fe-Mn oxide bound, and carbonate bound form, which are partially bioavailable Cd fraction to the plant, were positively correlated with Cd in rice while organically bound and residual form was not correlated. Multiple regression equation was developed with Rice Cd = -0.02861 + 0.07456 FR 1(exchangeable) + 0.00252 FR 2(carbonate bound) + 0.001075 FR 3(Fe Mn oxide bound) - 0.00095 FR 4(organically bound) - 0.00348 FR 5(residual) (R<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.7893***) considering Cd fraction in soils.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia
김원사,서일환,박로학,김문집,김헌준,이창희,김용채,성백석,이정수,심해섭,김이경,이진호,Kim, Won-Sa,Suh, Il-Hwan,Bak, Ro-Hak,Kim, Moon-Jib,Kim, Huhn-Jun,Lee, Chang-Hee,Kim, Yong-Che,Seong, Baek-Seok,Lee, Jeong-Soo,Shim, Hae-Seop,Kim, Yi-Kyu 한국지구과학회 1997 韓國地球科學會誌 Vol.18 No.6
등축정계의 결정구조를 지니는 무색 투명한 저코니아($Zr_{0.73}Y_{0.27}O_{1.87}$) 결정을 $Y_2O_3$를 안정제로 사용하여 Bridgman-Stockbager법(또는 Skull 용융법)으로 합성하였다. 육성된 결정은 유리광택을 나타내며 동시에 약간의 지방 광택도 띤다. 저코니아 결정은 편광현미경하에서 등방성을 나타내며 이방성의 징후는 발견되지 않는다. 모스 경도는 $8{\sim}8\frac{1}{2}$이고 비중은 5.85이다. 자외선하에서는 약한 백색 형광을 낸다. 단결정법으로 결정한 저코니아의 결정구조는 등축정계이며, 공간군은 $Fm3m({O^5}_h)$이다. 단위포 상수(a)는 $5.1552(5){\AA}$이며, $V=136.99(5){\AA}$, Z=4, R=0.0488이다. 저코니움 원자는 각 모서리에 산소 원자가 자리잡고 있는 육면체의 중심에 위치하고 있으며, 각 산소 원자는 저코니움 원자로 되어 있는 사면체의 중심에 위치하고 있다. 결국 8:4의 배위수가 성립하는 구조를 하고 있다. Colorless and transparent cubic zirconia($Zr_{0.73}Y_{0.27}O_{1.87}$) crystal has been synthesized by the Bridgman-Stock-bager method(also called Skull melting method). $Y_2O_3$ is used as stabilizer. The crystal shows a vitreous luster with a slight oily appearance. Under a polarizing microscope, it shows isotropic nature with no appreciable anisotropism. Mohs hardness value is measured to be $8{\sim}8\frac{1}{2}$ and specific gravity 5.85. Under ultraviolet light it shows a faint white glow. The crystal structure of yttria stabilized zirconia was determined, using single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques to be a cubic symmetry, space group $Fm\overline{3}m({O^5}_h)$ with $a=5.1552(5){\AA}$, $V=136.99(5){\AA}^3$, Z=4, and R=0.0488 for 29 unique reflections. Each zirconium atom is at the center of eight oxygen atoms situated at the corners of a surrounding cube and each oxygen atom is at the center of a tetrahedron of zirconium atoms. So a coordination of 8:4 holds in the structure.
모호성을 포함하고 있는 시계열 패턴인식을 위한 새로운 모델 RFAM과 그 응용
김원,이중재,김계영,최형일,Kim, Won,Lee, Joong-Jae,Kim, Gye-Young,Choi, Hyung-Il 한국정보처리학회 2004 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.11 No.4
본 논문에서는 모호성을 포함하고 있는 시계열 패턴인식을 위한 새로운 인식모델인 순환퍼지기억장치를 제안한다. 순환퍼지기억장치는 기존의 퍼지기억장치에 순차적인 입력패턴를 처리하고 시간적 관련성을 표현할 수 있는 순환층을 추가함으로써 확장된 모델이다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 순환퍼지기억장치는 입력과 출력사이의 관련정도를 설정하기 위해 헤비안 방식의 학습알고리즘을 사용한다. 그리고 순환퍼지기억장치의 순환층에 필요한 가중치를 학습하기 위해서 오류역전파 알고리즘을 이용한다. 본 논문에서는 제안하는 모델을 음성신호의 경계를 추출하는 문제에 적용하여 성능을 평가한다. This paper proposes a novel recognition model, a recurrent fuzzy associative memory(RFAM), for recognizing time-series patterns contained an ambiguity. RFAM is basically extended from FAM(Fuzzy Associative memory) by adding a recurrent layer which can be used to deal with sequential input patterns and to characterize their temporal relations. RFAM provides a Hebbian-style learning method which establishes the degree of association between input and output. The error back-propagation algorithm is also adopted to train the weights of the recurrent layer of RFAM. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, we applied it to a word boundary detection problem of speech signal.
김원일 ( Won-il Kim ) 대한한의진단학회 2012 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.16 No.3
Objectives This research was designed to study the characteristics of heart rate variability in acute dyspepsia patients compared with normal group. Methods The testing of HRV was carried out at Oriental Medical Center of ○○University with the participation of 94 acute dyspepsia patients and 85 control group people. We checked HRV of the 2 groups that were checked on the first visit day and compared HRV index between groups. Results In the frequency domain analysis, HF, LF, VLF, LF/HF ratio, TP were significantly lower than control group on acute dyspepsia patient group. HF, LF, VLF, LF/HF ratio, TP were not significantly associated with age. Conclusions According to this study, autonomic nerve system was more decreased on the acute dyspepsia patient group compared with the control group. Though further studies will be needed, the present finding provide us the possibility that stress is a major cause of the acute dyspepsia along with food factor.