초등학생의 창의성 발달 경향 분석

이경화(Lee, Kyung hwa),최병연(Choi, Byung yeon) 한국영재교육학회 2012 영재와 영재교육 Vol.11 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 초등학생의 창의성 발달 경향을 분석하는데 있다. 창의성에 대한 기존 연구를 종합하여 창의성을 창의적 능력과 창의적 성격 영역으로 구분하고, 각 영역의 하위 요인들을 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 전국 시도별로 편의 표집을 통해 초등학생(1-6년) 2,248명의 창의성을 측정하고 학년별 차이를 분석하였다. 그 결과 창의적 능력 및 하위 요인(유창성, 융통성, 독창성, 상상력, 사고의 민감성, 정교성) 점수는 학년이 올라갈수록 높아지는 것으로 나타났지만 하위 요인에 따라 다른 발달 양상을 보였다. 반면, 창의적 성격 및 하위 요인(호기심, 민감성, 과제집착력, 유머, 독립/모험성, 문제해결 리더십) 점수는 학년이 올라갈수록 낮아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 요인에 따라 다른 발달 경향을 보이는 것으로 밝혔다. 마지막으로 창의적 능력과 창의적 성격 점수를 합한 창의성은 학년 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었지만, 2학년 때 낮아지다가 상승한 다음, 다시 5학년 때 낮아졌다가 6학년 때 상 승하는 W자 형태의 발달 경향을 보이는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구의 결과는 창의·인성교육에 기초한 초등학생들의 창의성 발달 경향에 관한 연구는 물론 초등학교 각 학년 특성에 적합한 창의성 교육 프로그램을 개발하는데 기여할 것이다. This study analyzed the developmental characteristics for creative ability and creative personality of elementary school students. The Korean Individual Creativity Test, developed by Kyung-Hwa Lee, was used to measure creativity. This test consists of two domains, creative abilities (flexibility, fluency, originality, elaboration, sensitivity to thinking) and creative personalities (curiosity, sensitivity, task commitment, humor, challenge, leadership of problem solving). Approximately 2,248 participants were selected all over the Korea. Developmental trends by grades was analyzed. This study demonstrated that the scores of creative thinking ability increased from the first grade to the sixth grade. There was no fourth grade slump as proposed by Torrance (1968). Rather, this result supported the increment view in creative thinking with age. Older children are supposed to be higher in creativity as their social experience and education training become broader. However, the scores of creative personality decreased from the first grade the sixth grade steadily in this study. As children get into higher grades, they are more likely to compare and evaluate with their peers. Also, they are under more peer pressure to confirm. These negative climates block the creative personality of the older students.

초등학생의 발달단계에 따른 창의적 능력과 창의적 성격 및 영역 창의성 분석

이경화(Lee Kyung hwa),최병연(Choi Byung yeon) 한국영재교육학회 2006 영재와 영재교육 Vol.5 No.2

본 연구는 우리나라 초등학생의 창의성, 즉 창의적 능력과 창의적 성격의 관계 및 발달단계에 따른 차이를 분석함으로써 초등학생들의 창의성의 발달적 특성을 이해하여 창의성 계발을 위한 교육에 시사점을 제공하고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 개별창의성검사를 사용하여, 1학년부터 6학년까지 초등학생 825명의 창의성을 측정하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 그 결과 독창성을 제외하고 모든 창의성의 요인들이 학년과 상관관계가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 창의적 능력은 하위 요인 중 독창성과 가장 높은 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 창의적 성격은 하위 요인 중 민감성과 높은 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 창의적 능력과 창의적 성격을 학년에 따라 분석한 결과, 초등학생들의 창의성 발달은 비연속적인 특성을 나타낸다는 것이 확인되었다. 반면에 초등학생들의 창의적 성격은 학년이 증가함에 따라 점점 더 발달해 가는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 영역 창의성의 발달 단계별 차이를 확인한 결과, 언어와 조작 창의성은 학년의 증가에 따라 높은 반면에, 도형 창의성은 3학년 까지 상승하다가 4학년 때 하강하여 다시 상승하는 것으로 나타났다. This study analyzes the developmental characteristics for creative ability, creative personality and domain creativity of Korean elementary school children. The Korean Individual Creativity Test (KICT), developed by Kyung-Hwa Lee, was used to measure creativity. KICT consists of three domains, three creative abilities and three types of creative personalities. The three domains involve language, drawing, and manual operation. The three creative abilities involve fluency, flexibility and originality. The three personality types involve curiosity, sensitivity, and task commitment Approximately 825 participants were selected in the 18 regions of Korea according to the ratio of schools. The results of this study was that creative abilities had high correlation with originality factor and creative personalities had high correlation with sensitivity factor. Also, primary school children"s creative abilities peaked at grade 3 and fell down sharply at grade 4. Whereas, children"s creative personalities developed as the children"s grade increased. Finally, language and manual operation increased with children"s grade, but drawing operation showed same trend as that of creative abilities. These results imply that, when we assess the creativity development of primary school children, we would do well to analyze their developmental creativity characteristics in terms of the implications for the future development of creative teaching and learning programs.

동시와 미술을 활용한 아르미 프로그램이 유아의 창의성 향상에 미치는 영향

이경화(Kyung-hwa Lee),박은희(Eun-hee Park) 한국창의력교육학회 2003 창의력교육연구 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구는 동시와 미술을 활용한 아르미 프로그램이 유아의 창의성 향상에 효과적인지를 알아보고, 아르미 프로그램이 유아교육 현장에서 보다 바람직하고 효과적으로 쓰일 수 있도록 하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 연구대상은 서울에 소재하고 있는 동일한 지역 2곳의 유치원으로, 만 5세의 유아 각각 20명씩 총 40명이다. 그리고 실험집단은 아르미 프로그램을 2003년 3월17일부터 5월24일까지 10주 동안 40회 실시하였다. 한편 측정 도구로는 유아용 통합창의성 검사(이경화, 이신용, 2003)를 사용하였다. 연구결과에 의하면, 아르미프로그램을 적용한 실험집단의 유아가 창의적 능력에서 향상이 나타났다. 따라서 아르미 프로그램이 유아의 창의성 증진에 효과가 있음이 확인되었다. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Armi program would be effective for young children’s creativity and to explore how early childhood education could take advantage of that in an ideal and efficient manner. The subjects were 40 preschoolers who were five years old in Western age. 20 each were selected from S and G kindergartens located in the same region of Seoul. Two groups were organized with nine girls and 11 boys each, and the Armi program was conducted in the experimental group 40 times for 10 weeks. The instruments used in this study were Lee Kyung-hwa and Lee Shin-dong(2003)’s Preschooler Integrated Creativity Test. The findings of this study were as below: First, the experimental group exposed to the Armi program excelled the control group in verbal creativity, including fluency, originality and imagination, and the intergroup gap was significant. Therefore, the Armi program could be said to have an effect on furthering verbal creativity. Second, the experimental group that participated in the Armi program significantly outperformed the control group in figure creativity. The Armi program turned out to be effective for the development of the young children’s figure creativity. Third, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in creative personality. The above-mentioned findings illustrated that the young children who were exposed to the Armi program improved in creative ability(language and figure) better than the others who participated in routine nursery-rhyme programs, As a consequence, the Armi program could be said to be of use for early childhood education.

유아의 창의적 성격과 자아개념 간의 관계

김재희(Kim Jae Hee),이경화(Lee Kyung hwa) 숭실대학교 영재교육연구소 2013 Global Creative Leader Vol.3 No.2

본 연구는 유아의 창의적 성격과 자아개념 간에 어떠한 관계가 있는 지를 확인하는데 목적을 두었다. 연구대상으로는 서울·경기 지역에 위치한 유치원에 재원중인 만 5세 유아 70명을 선정하였다. 측정도구로는 ‘유아용 통합 창의성 검사’(이경화, 2012) 중에서 ‘창의적 성격 검사’와 ‘유아용 자아개념 검사’(이경화, 고진영, 2006)를 실시하였다. 자료처리는 유아의 창의적 성격과 자아개념간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 Pearson의 적률상관분석을 진행하였다. 자아개념 수준에 따른 창의적 성격의 차이는 자아개념을 상·하위 집단(M±1/2SD)으로 나누어 t-test를 실시하였다. 또한 유아의 성차에 따른 창의적 성격과 자아개념의 차이를 알아보기 위해 평균차이를 검증하였다. 연구결과 유아의 창의적 성격은 자아개념과 유기적인 관계를 가지며, 유아의 성차에 따라 창의적 성격과 자아개념에도 차이가 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 창의적 성격과 자아개념 발달의 결정적인 시기인 유아를 위해 다각적인 프로그램 개발하여 제공해야 함을 시사한다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-concept and creative personality of young children. The participants in this research are seventy five-year old children of kindergartens in Seoul or Gyeonggi, The self-concept and creative personality were assessed by ‘Integrated creativity test for young children’ by Kyung-Hwa Lee (2012), and ‘The self-concept test for children’ developed by Kyung-Hwa Lee and Jin-Young Koh (2006). To evaluate the relation between self-concept and creative personality of young children, Pearson’s product-moment correlation analysis was implemented using SPSS Win 20.0 program. To analyze the differences of the creative personality according to self-concept of children, young children were divied into two groups (M±1/2SD) based on the descriptive analysis of collected self-concept data, then t-test was implemented. To investigate the differences of the creative personality and self-concept according to gender of children, t-test was implemented. This study shows that some elements of the self-concept related to creative personality of young children and statistically significant difference of creative personality and self-concept according to gender of children. Thus, this research could suggest valuable information about developing of multilateral creative personality and self-concept program.

췌장 선방세포암 1예

이화정,지준호,박승찬,박정철,최은정,서혜진,이원식,이정림,배병조,손경락,이경희 영남대학교 의과대학 2008 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.25 No.2

Acinar cell carcinoma is a rare tumor that represents 1~2% of al1 pancreatic cancers. Clinical and radiologic findings are inconclusive in this disease Acinar cell carcinoma is characterized by rapid progression and early metastasis, which lead to its poor prognosis. A 41-year-o1d man was admitted to our hospital for abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) showed a splenic mass, which was being invaded by a pancreatic tail mass and which had increased ^(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake Primary radical distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy were performed. Pathologic findings revealed an acinar cell carcinoma of the Pancreas The patient underwent a total gastrectomy three months later because of gastric recurrence Four months later, multiple hepatic metastases were discovered, and the patient underwent a left hepatectomy During treatment with capecitabine, there was no evidence of tumor progression for 14 months. We report a case of metastatic pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, which did not progress for an extended period while the patient was being treated with capecitabme.

유아의 창의성 및 문제해결력 향상에 미치는 과학 동화 활용 CPS프로그램의 효과

이경화 한국교육방법학회 2005 교육방법연구 Vol.17 No.2

The goals of this study were to find the effects of the CPS programs using scientific tales on children's creativity and problem solving ability, and to develop the teaching-learning methods and to suggest the important implications for the children's education. The hypotheses for the researches were as follows. Hypothesis 1: There will be meaningful effects of the CPS programs using scientific tales for fostering the linguistic creativity(imagination, fluency, originality) of the preschool children. Hypothesis 2: There will be meaningful effects of the CPS programs using scientific tales for fostering the figure creativity(continuation, connectivity, completion, new element addition, theme, unconventionality) of the preschool children. Hypothesis 3: There will be meaningful effects of the CPS programs using scientific tales for fostering the problem solving ability of the preschool children. The experiments were performed with 60 five-years old children(male:29, female:31) who were enrolled and studied in the kindergarten located in Seoul. The CPS programs using scientific tales were intervened in the experimental group. The children of the experimental group were participated in the instruction and during the instruction they listened a tale for 20 minutes followed by CPS programs. There were three times instruction in a week. And the children of the control group were just listened a tale and required to be answered for the tutor's questions. These experiments have been performed for ten weeks. The instrument for measuring creativity was the integrated creativity test(Kyung-Hwa Lee, 2003), and using the test of the problem solving ability(Seung Hwa Song, 2003). The data were analyzed by SPSS WIN 10.0 statistical package. In order to verify the hypotheses t-test was found. According to the experiments, some meaningful results were derived. The children of the experimental group with CPS programs using scientific tales were more improved in the linguistic and figure creativity and problem solving ability than the control group only with tales. All of the sub-factors of the creativity and problem solving ability were much more improved for the experimental group who experienced the science programs using tales. Consequently, the CPS programs using scientific tales make children generate the interest in the science and nature, and drive them to the scientific activity. From this activity, children have chances to think over the nature and problems around them, and improve their creativity and the various abilities for the problems by themselves. The CPS programs using scientific tales will be the meaningful teaching-learning method to improve children's creativity and problem solving ability. 본 연구는 과학 동화 활용 CPS프로그램이 유아의 창의성 및 문제해결력 향상에 효과적인지를 확인하고, 유아교육 현장에서의 활용할 수 있는 교수-학습프로그램을 개발하고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 만 5세 유아 60명(남아: 29명, 여아: 31명)을 대상으로 하였으며, 사전·사후검사로 창의성 검사와 문제해결력 검사를 실시하였다. 그리고 10주에 걸쳐 실험집단 유아들에게 과학 동화 활용 CPS프로그램을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 과학 동화 활용 CPS프로그램은 유아들의 언어 창의성, 도형 창의성, 문제해결력 등의 향상에 효과가 있음이 확인되었다. 따라서 앞으로 유아들의 창의성과 문제해결력을 향상시키기 위한 수업에서 과학 동화 활용 CPS프로그램을 활용한다면, 유아들이 동화를 통해 과학에 대한 흥미를 유발시킬 수 있을 것이다. 또한 흥미로운 과학 활동을 통해서 자연스럽게 유아들의 창의성 및 문제해결력이 향상될 수 있을 것이다.

일부 사업장 건강증진사업 실태조사 및 요인분석

이경화,이원철,이강숙,홍현숙,송연이 가톨릭대학교 산업의학센터 2000 韓國의 産業醫學 Vol.39 No.2

For the purpose of access the health promotion activities in 138 worksite which had more than 50 workers, we surveyed the questionnaire on May and September 1998. The results of survey were as follows: 1.59 companies(45.1%) were conducting the health promotion activities. Most of them were manufacturing and located Kyung-sang province and had nurses as a health manager. 2.Companies operating the health promotion activities had significant higher degree of satisfaction and usage of welfare facilities than non-operating companies. 3.The level of knowledge for regulations, professional skills, and performance related health promotion was low in all companies. Top manager's interest and will for investment to health promotion was significant lower in non-operating companies. 4.The reasons why the health promotion program was not operated, were low budget, top manager's indifference, lack of information, work overloading, no human resource, an insufficient governmental support in order. 5.The most necessary items for program were education and promotion, budget, and governmental support. Needed personnel were nurses, fitness trainner, and necessary program were health management, exercise, nutrition, and stress counselling. For comparing before and after IMF, amount of budget was decreased. In conclusion, this study suggested that major barriers to conduct health promotion activities were lack of budget, lower interest of top managers, and insufficient professional information, therefore detail health promotion program would be developed and supported by government.

부신피질 자극호르몬 단독결핍 1례

박경식,이승현,최석영,박태규,이동화,이찬우,정성복,이인규 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1997 계명의대학술지 Vol.16 No.3

부신피질 자극호르몬 단독결핍은 국내에서 7례만이 보고된 희귀 질환이며 병인 및 경과 등 아직 불분명한 측면이 많다. 이는 질환지체의 희귀성도 있지만 치료후 자연경과에 대한 장기적인 추적검사가 이루어진 경우가 드물기 때문이기도 하다. 저자들은 비특이적인 전신증상을 주소로 내원한 폐경기후의 56세 여자 환자에서 자가면역질환의 증거없이 고프로릭틴혈증을 보인 부신피질 자극호르몬 단독결핍 1례를 경험하고 1년간의 부신피질호르몬 대치요법후 추적검사를 실시하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Isolated ACTH deficiency is a rare disorder which shows secondary adrenal insufficiency with normal states of other pituitary hormones. A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman complaining general weakness and intermittent mental confusion presented negligible serum cortisol and ACTH level with hyperprolactinemia and mild hyponatremia. Rapid ACTH stimulation test did not show significant increase of serum cortisol level. Combined pituitary stimulation test showed negligible response of cortisol and ACTH, and slightly decreased response of prolactin and gonadotropin. But the responses of TSH and GH were normal. There was no evidence of organic pituitary of hypothalamic lesion in brain MRI and antithyroid autoantibody was not detected in serum. After receiving 12 months of glucocorticoid replacement therapy, she skipped the medicine for 3 weeks and we performed follow-up endocrinologic tests. Serum ACTH and cortisol level was also negligible and prolonged ACTH simulation test showed normal response of serum cortisol. CRF stimulation test showed no response of serum ACTH. Basal prolactin level was decreased to near normal and combined pituitary stimulation test showed normal response of prolactin with slightly blunted response of TSH and GH. We concluded that the case was nonautoimmune origined isolated ACTH deficiency which was accompanied by hyperprolactinemia and resultant deficiency of gonadotropin, so we report this case with review of literatures.

연구논문 : 무등산 불교미술의 신앙적 양상과 교류

이경화 ( Kyung Hwa Lee ) 호남사학회(구-전남사학회) 2012 역사학연구 Vol.45 No.-

이 글은 무등산 불교문화유산의 신앙적 양상과 교류에 관한 글이다. 예술은 문화를 토대로 탄생하고 문화는 그 지역별로 중심지가 존재한다. 현재는 무등산 불교문화가 쇠락하였지만 늦어도 남신라시대부터 이 지역의 행정중심지이자 문화중심지로서 그 문화가 찬란하게 번성하였음을 남아있는 유물을 통해 짐작할 수 있었다. 이에 따라 무등산의 불교문화는 고립된 특수한 상황이 아니라 한국 불교문화의 축소판과 같은 보편성을 보여주는 것임을 다음과 같이 알 수 있었다. 먼저 신라하대의 개선사지 석등은 9세기 후반의 작품으로 왕실발원 명문을 가지고 있다. 이 석등의 명문은 좌에서 우로 쓰여 진 비한문식이고 ``京租``의 해석에서 서울에 내는 세금이 아닌 벼의 품종에 불과하다는 점을 새롭게 보았다. 그리고 중심사 등 무등산 남록을 중심으로 신라 하대 이후 무등산에 끼친 선종의 영향을 살펴보았다. 둘째 원효사 소조불은 화엄의 영향으로 고려시대에 천불로 조성된 작품이다. 기존에는 제작시기를 고려 후기로 추정하였으나 이 글에서는 고려중기로 재고하였다. 원효사 소조천불의 조성 배경에는 11세기에 신라말에서 고려초에 걸쳐 강력한 영향력을 끼친 선종이 침체하고 교종이 부흥하는 사실과 연관 지어 보았다. 11세기 말에는 대각국사 의천에 의해 원효의 재평가가 이루어졌고 이후 그에 연원을 둔 교학이 주목되었다. 이에 따라 무등산 북쪽 기슭의 교종 사찰 원효사와 남쪽 기슭의 선종을 대표하는 중심사가 대치되는 양상이 있었음을 보았다. 셋째 조선후기 불화의 畵聖으로 불리는 의겸이 이 지역에 연고를 두었음을 알 수 있었다. 의겸의 활동은 임란의 피해를 복구하고 이룬 경제적 안정과 대흥사를 필두로 고양된 화엄학을 배경으로 한다. 19세기 불화승을 대표하는 원효사의 두 화승인 풍계현정과 원당내원의 배출 역시 그러한 바탕이 전조가 되었다. 각각 그들은 대흥사 천불전 천불과 대광명전의 불화를 제작하였다. 그들의 폭넓은 교류를 통하여 무등산이 19세기 불화제작의 주요 거점 중의 하나였음을 확인하였다. The aim of this article was to examine cultural heritage associated with Mount Mudeung, South Jeolla Province, South Korea, in order to infer this region`s cultural identity. Furthermore, Buddhist sculptures and paintings around this area were reviewed, which showed the region`s cultural exchanges with other provinces in Korea. Buddhism flourished in this region for a long time with a number of remains. Given this region`s central role in administration and transportation, Mount Mudeung`s Buddhist cultural heritage presents an example of Korea`s Buddhist faith development. Gae-sun temple site ``stone tower`` was built in the second half of the 9th century, sponsored by the royal family of Silla dynasty. It does not have the classical solemnity seen in the stone tower in Hwa-um temple. Instead it shows a cheerful and decorative trend of the period. A counterclockwise directional script inscribed on the stone tower is not a typical Chinese script. A new interpretation was offered for the script. Furthermore, the influence of the Zen sect on Mount Mudeung`s Buddhist cultural heritage after the late period of Silla dynasty(780 -935AD) was inferred from remains such as the iron Vairocana Buddha statue at Jeungsim Temple. There was an influence of Avatamska Sutra tradition on Won-hyo temple`s ``molded Buddha statue``. It was considered to be built in late Koryo dynasty. This dating was based on the style of garments for the Buddha Statue. Given that this style can be found in Buddha statues from Sung dynasty that was a ruling dynasty in China between 960 and 1279 AD, it is possible to consider it to be built in mid Koryo dynasty. In the late 11th century, non-Zen sects of Buddhism flourished, while the influence of the Zen sect diminished. Won-hyo temple`s ``molded Buddha statue`` might have been built under this circumstance. Around Mount Mudeung, there was a contrast: Won-hyo temple (non-Zen sect) at the north and Jeungsim Temple (Zen sect) at the south. Euigyeom is considered to be one of the most prominent monk painters during late-Chosun period. His art work remains in Seo-bong temple where his teacher and parents died. His active art work was based on the influence of the Avatamska Sutra. During his time, this region`s economy was in a recovery (or booming) phase, after the destruction caused by Japanese invasion of Korea (Chosun dynasty) in 1592. His two successors in the 19th century in Won-hyo temple followed the Avatamska Sutra. They produced paintings in Dae-heuing temple. Considering their influence, it could be concluded that Mount Mudeung was a center of Buddhist paintings in the 19th century.

한국사상(韓國思想) : 사학(史學) ; 월출산 용암사지 마애불의 사적 해석

이경화 ( Kyung Hwa Lee ) 한국사상문화학회 2007 韓國思想과 文化 Vol.40 No.-

월출산의 능선에 위치한 용암사지 마애불은 8m 규모의 한국 大佛이다. 고대문화의 통구가 된 영산강이 바다와 만나는 영암의 포구를 응시하며, 그 주제는 고전적인 偏斷右肩의 항마촉지인좌상이다. 석굴암 본존이 대표하는 한국에서의 편단우견 항마촉지인상은 8세기 이래 풍미하였다. 그러나 용암사지 마애불의 신체비례는 그 원형이 석굴암 본존과 다르며, 중국화 된 불상이기 보다 비례에 따른 헬레니즘계 미술양식의 영향이 더 컸다고 판단된다. 마애불 좌우에 산지의 경사면을 살려 배치한 쌍 탑은 한국마애불에서 흔히 보이지 않는 형식이지만 동일한 패턴이 인근의 해남 대흥사 북미륵암 마애불에 보인다. 형식은 기능을 따르고 동일 패턴은 지향하는 바가 유사할 것이다. 신라하대 정치 경제의 패권을 쥔 지역에 마애불과 더불어 쌍탑을 배치하면서 새 패턴을 만든 것은 새로운 불국토를 상기시킨다. 이는 경주를 응시하는 신라 통일 직후의 마애불 유형을 통해 그곳을 불국토로 만들었던 관념을 확장한 것이다. 나아가 신라하대 영암출신의 禪僧도 선국사가 선종과 풍수지리를 종합하여 경주가 아니지만 비보사찰을 만들면 吉地가 된다는, 호족이 선호한 裨補思想을 영향력 있게 펼쳤던 점과 관련이 있을 것이다. 용암사지 마애불은 확립된 전통에 관한 새로운 국면을 만들고 예술적 변화를 명시한 의미 있는 형식이다. 9세기에 크게 성장한 호족은 경주 중심이 아닌 자신의 거주지가 불국토가 되리라는 희망을 가지고 있었고, 용암사지 마애불은 그들의 의지를 예술로 현실화한 한국의 大佛이다. 따라서 용암사지 마애불은 이들의 기존의 보수적 가치관을 벗어난 세계관을 암시하며 한국 마애불에 대한 신앙을 확산시킨 의미 있는 마애불이다. Occupying a position on the ridge of the Wolchul Mountain, Yong-Am-Sa-Ji Maebul is an 8m-high image of Buddha which is one the largest in Korea. The Maebul gazes at the Young-Am port, a foreign trading port situated at the intersection of the Young-San River and the sea. The shape of the Maebul which has widely been adopted since the 8th century AD is similar to that of the Buddhist image of Seok-Gul-Am, hence ``traditional``. However, it differs from the Seok-Gul-Am Buddha image in terms of its body parts ratios and surface texture. These features suggest that there might be some Western influences (Greco-Buddhism), instead of those of Chinese. The Maebul has a pagoda on each side, which is rarely found in Korea. However, a similar Maebul can be found in a nearby temple, Dae-Heung-Sa, Haenam. This arrangement indicates that the ruling class of the late Unified Silla might have desired a new Buddhist city (an ideal place in terms of Buddhism) in the region, similar to that they built in Kyung-Ju, the capital city during the period. This was consistent with an ideology developed by Doseon, an esteemed Buddhist priest that the existence of a Buddhist temple denotes an ideal place. This suggests that one might build an ideal place anywhere, even further away from the capital city. This ideology combines the theory of geomancy with Buddhism, which was supported by powerful families in the provinces. In summary, Yong-Am-Sa-Ji Maebul represents a change that is artistically and more importantly politically meaningful. Growing powerful families in the provinces in the 9th century wished for their land to be an ideal place, which was associated with Yong-Am-Sa-Ji Maebul.