절수에 의한 Mongolain gerbil 뇌 Dopamine성 면역반응세포의 분포와 미세구조의 변화에 관한 연구

송치원,이경열,박일권,권효정,김무강,이강이,Song, Chi-Won,Lee, Kyoung-Youl,Park, Il-Kwon,Kwon, Hyo-Jung,Kim, Moo-Kang,Lee, Kang-Lee 한국현미경학회 2000 Applied microscopy Vol.30 No.2

Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)은 선천적으로 불완전한 뇌바닥동백고리와 특이한 콜레스테롤 대사를 가진 동물로서 수분의 섭취없이도 장기간 생존이 가능하기 때문에 최근 뇌신경학 연구방법에 많이 이용되는 동물이다. 따라서 본 연구는 mongolian gerbil을 절수 시켰을 때 시간의 경과에 따라 뇌에서의 catecholaminergic neuron의 형태적인 변화에 관하여 알아보고자 $50\sim80g$의 mongolian gerbil 25마리를 이용하여 5마리는 뇌도보를 작성하였으며 나머지는 정상군, 5일군, 10일군, 20일군으로 각각 5마리씩 나누어 TH, DBH, PNMT항체를 이용하여 면역조직화학염색하여 절수의 시간에 따른 뇌에서의 catecholaminer-gic neuron의 형태적인 변화를 광학 및 전자현미경적으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 정상군의 경우 시상하부의 제 3 뇌실주위에 있는 뇌실곁핵과 뇌실주위회백질에 TH면역반응세포들이 나타났고 이들의 신경세포돌기 및 신경섬유들도 많이 분포하였으나 20일군에서 감소되는 양상을 보였다. 2. 중뇌 및 교뇌에서는 catecholamine성 신경세포중 dopamine성 신경세포가 뚜렷히 관찰되었으나 noradrenalin성 신경세포는 약하게 관찰되었다. 3. 흑색질의 치밀부분과 배쪽피개영역에서 TH항체에 대한 면역반응을 보이는 Dopamine성 신경세포 밀집도가 높았으며 그물부분에서도 소수 관찰되었다. 그러나 이 부위에서 dopamine성 신경세포도 절수에 따라 5일군까지 신경세포체와 돌기 및 섬유들이 감소되었으나 10일군에서는 다시 증가하였으며 20일군에서부터 감소하는 양상을 보였다. 4. 절수에 의한 뇌의 TH면역반응세포체의 전자현미경적 소견은 정상군에 비해 5일군에서 핵의 농축 및 변형, 신경연접의 소실, 사립체의 감소, 축삭 수의 감소 등이 나타나 TH의 분비에 영향을 주는 것으로 보인다. 그러나 ER등의 변화는 크게 관찰할 수 없었다. 이러한 연구결과는 정상군의 경우 다른 동물과 유사했으나 다른 동물에서는 청색반점이나 교뇌부위에서 noradrenaline성 신경이 많다고 하였지만 본 연구에서는 그러한 차이를 발견하지 못했으며 이것은 동물간의 유전적, 환경적 차이로 사료된다. 그러므로 mongolian gerbil의 수분대사에 dopamine이 관여할 것으로 보고 탈수 질환모델로 개발하기 위한 기능적인 연구와 더불어 많은 형태학적인 연구가 병행되어야 할 것이다. Nowadays, mongolian gerbil is widely utilized in the research of brain and water deprivation because of congenitally incomplete Willis' circle, audiogenic seizure in low noise, and special cholesterol metabolism without water absorption for a long time. In this study, we intended to identify the time lapse changes in the general morphoogy and ultrastructure of the catecholaminergic neurons of mongolian gerbil brain in after long-term water deprivation. Fifteen mongolian gerbils were divided into 3 groups (5, 10, and 20-day water deprivation groups), each with 5 mongolian gerbils. Additional 5 mongolian gerbils which received water without limitation were used as a control. The brain sections were immunostained using tyrosine hysroxylase (TH), $ dopamine-\beta-hydroxylase$ (DBH), and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltrasferase (PMNT) antibodies. And immunoreactive cells were observed by electromicroscopy for the ultrastructural changes . The TH-immunoreactive (TH-IR) nerve cells were observed in the para- and peri-ventricular nucleus of the 3 rd ventricle in the hypothalamus and the substantia nigra. The number of TH-IR neurons in these areas was decreased from the 5th day of the water deprivation to the 10 th day and reincreased until 20 th day water deprivation. The shape and density of the dopamine-secreting cells identified by immunohistochemistry showed changes in the continuous water deprivation. Electron microscopy revealed a round nucleus in the neurons of control group but 5-day water deprivation group showed a dense and irregularly shaped nucleus. Also in the 5-day water-deprived group, mitochondria was decreased in number and junctins were disappered. Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex did not show changes after water-deprivation. In this results, we can conclude that dopamine are involved in the water metabolism in mongolian gerbil, and mongolian gerbil could be used as an animal model for the researches of water deprivation.

한국재래산양 태아 및 신생아 척수에서 GFAP 면역반응세포에 관한 형태학적 연구

송치원,정수연,이근좌,이강이,이경열,박일권,박미선,정승혁,조규완,김무강,Song, Chi-Won,Chung, Soo-Youn,Lee, Keun-Jwa,Lee, Kang-Iee,Lee, Kyoung-Youl,Park, Il-Kwon,Park, Mi-Sun,Chung, Seung-Hyuk,Cho, Gyu-Woan,Kim, Moo-Kang 대한수의학회 2001 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.41 No.4

Glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) is one of the intermediate filaments, and used as an astrocyte detection marker. GFAP distribution has been studied on the fetal, neonatal and aged brains. In this study, the GFAP immunoreactive cell localization and distribution in the fetal (30, 45, 60, 90, 105 and 120 days of gestation) and neonate spinal cords of Korean native goat were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Nonpolar radial glial cells initiated to appear at 45 days of gestation. GFAP-immunoreactive processes were extended from central canal to pia matter. Bipolar immumoreactive cells were transformed to monopolar and multipolar immunoreactive cells at 45 days of gestation. Multipolar astrocytes of 60 days of gestation were found within white and gray matters of spinal cord. The number of GFAP-immunoreactive cells were gradually decreased from 90 days of gestation until newborn neonate. The intensity of GFAP immunoreactivity was gradually decreased from 95 days of gestation until newborn neonate. These results suggest that the radial glial cells within the gray and white matters of spinal cord are very fast developed.

절수에 의한 mongolian gerbil 종뇌 및 간뇌에서 dopamine성 면역반응세포의 분포변화

송치원,이경열,박일권,정주영,권효정,이철호,현병화,이근좌,송운재,정영길,이강이,김무강,Song, Chi-won,Lee, Kyoung-youl,Park, Il-kwon,Jung, Ju-young,Kwon, Hyo-jung,Lee, Chul-ho,Hyun, Byung-hwa,Lee, Geun-jwa,Song, Woon-jae,Jung, Young-gil,Lee 대한수의학회 2000 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.40 No.1

Nowadays, mongolian gerbil is notably utilized for the research of brain and water deprivation because of a congenital incomplete willis circle structure in the brain, audiogenic seizure in low noise, and special cholesterol metabolism without water absorption for a long time. In this study, we are intend to identify the morphological changes of the catecholaminergic neuron of brain according to the time lapse in the condition of long term water deprivation. 55 mongolian gerbil were divided 10 groups(control, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 42th day water deprivation group), of which each group include 5 mongolian gerbils and 5 normal mongolian gerbils in control group were also used for brain atlas as a control. The brains were observed by the immunohistochemical stain using the TH, DBH and PMNT antibody. The results were as followings; 1. The nerve fibers of the TH-immunoreactive neuron were observed only in the and corpus striatum of the telencephalon. 2. Intensity of the immunostain of the nerve fiber in the cerebral cortex and corpus striatum was decreased gradually day by day after water deprivation. 3. The TH-immunoreactive nerve cells were observed in the paraventricular and periventricular nucleus of the 3rd ventricular in the hypothalamus of mongolian gerbil but the number of nerve cells were decreased from the first day of the water deprivation to the 10th day and increased until the 20th day, after than redecreased from the 20th day by the continuous water deprivation. The number of nerve fibers in this area were increased in the first day, but decreased from the 2nd day of water deprivation. The shape and density of the dopamine secreting cells in the brain of mongolian gerbil by the immunoreactive stain were changed in the continuous water deprivation. In this results, we can conclude that dopamine concerned in the water metabolism of mongolian gerbil, and mongolian gerbil could be used as an animal model for the research of water deprivation.

한국재래산양태아 및 신생아 뇌에서 별아교세포의 전자현미경적 연구

송치원,김무강,류시윤,이강이,박일권,이미영,권효정,박미선,이경열,이두환,신현국,최윤석,장규태,Song, Chi-Won,Kim, Moo-Kang,Ryu, Si-Yoon,Lee, Kang-Lee,Park, Il-Kwon,Lee, Mi-Young,Kwon, Hyo-Jung,Park, Mi-Sun,Lee, Kyoung-Youl,Lee, Doo-Hwan,Shin, 한국현미경학회 2001 Applied microscopy Vol.31 No.2

한국재래산양의 임신60, 90, 105, 120일령 태아 및 신생아의 뇌를 대상으로 면역조직화학적방법을 통하여 면역반응을 나타낸 방사아교세포를 투과전자현미경적 방법을 이용하여 그 미세구조를 연구한 결과 임신 60일령 태아의 방사아교면역반응세포는 소수의 사립체와 많은 당원질 및 과립형질내세망이 관찰되었으며 임신90일령 태아 이후에서도 소수의 사립체, 많은 당원질 그리고 소수의 형질내세망이 관찰되었으며 임신95일령 태아에서 골지체가 관찰되었다. 그리고 임신 120일령에서 혈관에 부착되어 종말발을 뻗고 있는 GFAP 면역반응세포를 관찰할 수 있었다. This study, the ultrastructure of radial glial cells in the fetuses (the 60th, 90th, 105th 120th of gestation) and neonate brains of korean native goat were investigated by immunohistochemical method and transmisson electron microscopy. 1. In the 60th day of gestation, mitochondria and many glycogen body were observed in the radial glial cells. 2. In the 90th day of gestation, mitochondria, many glycogen body and rough endoplasmic reticulum were observed. 3. In the 95th day of gestation, Golgi's apparatus was found. 4. In the 120th day of gestation, Endfeets of radial glial cell attached vessel wall were observed.

모바일 기기의 Physical User Experience 평가시 평가 영역 정의

송치원(Chi Won Song),허정윤(Jeong Yun Heo),박상현(Sang Hyun Park) 한국HCI학회 2006 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2006 No.2

초음파 속도법을 활용한 콘크리트 내부 앵커의 매립깊이 추정에 관한 연구

송치원(Song, Chi Won),박광연(Park, Kwang-Yeun),김영진(Kim, Young Jin) 대한토목학회 2020 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.10

한국재래산양 태자 및 신생양 중뇌에서 GFAP 면역반응세포의 분포에 관한 형태학적 연구

송치원(Chi-Won Song),이강이(Kang-Iee Lee),변명우(Myung-Woo Byun),육홍선(Hong-Sun Yook),김정재(Jeong-Jae Kim),신상태(Sang-Tae Shin),이경열(Kyoung-Youl Lee),김무강(Moo-Kang Kim) 대한해부학회 2001 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.34 No.4

한국재래산양의 임신 30, 45, 60, 90, 105, 120일령 태자 및 신생양의 중뇌를 대상으로 면역조직화학적 방법을 이용하여 GFAP 면역반응세포를 형태학적으로 연구하여 아래와 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. GFAP 면역반응세포는 임신 45일령 태자에서부터 관찰할 수 있었으며, 이들은 무극형이었다. 2. 임신 60일령 태자에서는 뭇극형 면역반응세포가 관찰되었으며, 임신 90일령 태자에서는 중뇌수도관주위구역에 뭇극형면역반응세포가 관찰되었다. 3. 방사형아교세포의 돌기형태의 변화는 무극형면역반응세포가 두극형세포로 변화하였고, 두극형세포는 홑극형으로 변한 다음 뭇극형면역반응세포로 변형되고 있었다. 4. 면역반응을 나타낸 두극형면역반응세포들의 돌기들은 뇌실에서 연질막으로 뻗고 있었으며 연질막부위에서 종말발로 확장되어 있었다. 5. 한 시야당 GFAP 면역반응세포의 수는 임신 45일령 태자에서 임신 90일령 태자까지는 증가하였고, 임신 90일령 태자 에서 105일령 태자까지는 감소하였으며 임신 120일령 태자에서는 그 수가 105일령 태자보다 약간 증가한 양상을 나타내었다. 6. GFAP 면역반응세포의 면역반응은 임신 95일령 태자에서 120일령 태자까지 감소하는 양상이 관찰되었지만 대부분의 연질막부위와 뇌실부위에서는 강한 면역반응을 나타내고 있었다. 이러한 결과들은 면역반응세포가 중뇌수도관주위구역보다 중뇌부위에서 더 빠르게 발달하고 있었다. GFAP (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein) was one of the intermediate filament group and used as an astrocyte marker. The numerous studies about GFAP immunoreactive cell’s distribution were investigated for fetus, neonate and aged brains. There are several reports about that GFAP immunoreactive cells were appeared at early fetus and after birth. In cases of mammalian fetus radial glia cells migrated toward pial surface at early stage and revealed GFAP immunoreactivity by the immunostain. But in cases of rodents, they migrated at late gestation or after birth. This study, the GFAP immunoreactive cells’ localizations and distribution in the fetuses (the 30 th, 45 th, 60 th, 90 th, 105 th, 120 th of gestation) and neonate mesencephalon of korean native goat were investigated by immunohistochemistry (ABC method). The results obtained in this study were summarized as followings; 1. Multipolar astrocytes at 60 days of gestation were found in midbrain, in 90 days of gestation were found in cerebral aqueduct. 2. Radial glial cell presented 60 days of gestation and process of GFAP immunoreaction was to stretch out from ventricular to pia mater and nonpolar immunoreactive cell was transformed to bipolar, monopolar and multipolar immunoreactive cell. 3. The number of GFAP immunoreactive cells of field were gradually decreased from 90 days of gestation till 105 days of gestation. But in 120 days of gestation and newborn were slightly increased. 4. Immunoreactivity of GFAP immunoreactive cells were gradually decreased from 95 days of gestation till 120 days of gestatioin. These results were suggested that radial glial cell of midbrain developed very earlier than that of cerebral aqueduct. However, cerebral aqueduct developed lately than that of midbrain, but faster developing than other.

재발 및 불응성 비호즈킨 림프종 환자의 치료에서 IVAM ( Ifosfamide , VP-16 , Ara-C , Methotrexate ) 복합화학요법의 치료 효과

송치원(Chi Won Song),박진노(Jin No Park),조석구(Seok Goo Cho),이종욱(Jong Wook Lee),홍영선(Young Seon Hong),민우성(Woo Sung Min),김춘추(Chun Choo Kim),이경식(Kyung Shick Lee) 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회지 Vol.61 No.2

N/A Background : Patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who do not respond to first-line chemotherapy or those who relapse after obtaining a complete response have a poor prognosis and are rarely cured with usual salvage chemotherapy. We investigated the treatment responses, toxicities, prognostic factors and mobilization efficacy of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) used as salvage chemotherapy. Methods : 55 patients with refractory (36) or relapsed (19) NHL were treated from Novembr 1997 to October 1999 with IVAM (ifosfamide, etoposide, cytarabine, methotrexate) regimen. Each patients was scheduled to receive one to three cycles of chemotherapy. When the leukocyte count reached 5×109/L after chemotherapy, PBSC collection was performed. The treatment was repeated every 4 weeks. Results : The median age was 48 years (range, 19-76). Median 2.1 cycles of chemotherapy were administered. 15 patients (27.3%) achieved complete response and 29 (52.7%) partial response, with an overall response rate of 80.0%. Myelosuppression was the major toxicity, with 98.2% of grade 3, 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, but there was no serious hemorragic event. Neutropenic fever occurred in 25.5% of the patients with one treatment-related death due to sepsis. Non-hematologic toxicity was modest. PBSC was collected in 36 patients for high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. The median number of mononuclear cells collected was 9.9×108/kg and the median number of CD34(+) cells collected was 11.9×106/kg. After a median follow-up of 13 months (range, 3-26), median progression free survival were 12 months and median overall survival has not been reached yet. 1-year overall survival and progression free survival were 61.9% and 46.1%, respectively. In univariate analyses, unfavorable prognosis was associated with poor performance status (p=0.001), high LDH (p=0.041), stage III,IV (p=0.04), extralymphatic lesion (p=0.027), B sx (p=0.034), bone marrow involvement (p=0.039) and performing high dose chemotherapy (p=0.005). Multivariate analysis showed that performance status(p=0.0042), B sx(p=0.049) was a significant independent risk factors for death. Conclusion : These results suggest that IVAM is an effective salvage chemotherapy for refractory or relapsed NHL and allow effective PBSC collection for high dose chemotherapy and autologous PBSCT.(Korean J Med 61:141-150, 2001)

한국재래산양의 태아 및 신생아의 십이지장의 발달에 관한 형태학적 연구

송치원(Chi-Won Song),김종섭(Chong-Sup Kim),정헌식(Heon-Sik Chung),김무강(Moo-Kang Kim) 한국실험동물학회 1998 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.14 No.1

선천성고혈압증흰쥐(Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat) 태아 및 신생아 췌장섭의 면역조직화학적 연구

송치원(Chi-won Song),山根 登子(Yamane N),김상근(Sang-geun Kim),김무강(Moo-kang Kim) 한국실험동물학회 2000 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.16 No.2