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눈썹 메이크업 표현(表現)에 응용(應用)되는 선(線)의 착시(錯視) 효과(效果)
하선옥 ( Sun Ok Ha ),조고미 ( Koh Mi Cho ),김춘심 ( Chun Sim Kim ) 한국패션비즈니스학회 2005 패션 비즈니스 Vol.9 No.2
This chapter presents how ``optical illusion`` works in applying makeup and how to differentiate the direction, location and shape of eyebrow lines in the aspect of physiognomy. For this study, employed were five types of face shape produced by Photoshop program - round, square, long, inverted triangle. and diamond. The best-matched facial shape was examined through a questionnaire research after applying the optical illusion of eyebrow lines to the five types of face shape. The results were revealed to be identical to ones presented in make-up teaching materials. In conclusion, it was found that well-matched shape and size of eyebrow could make some changes in the facial impression, changing the face shape into oval shape. The facial line can be modified and supplemented by reshaping such facial parts as the eyebrow, producing well-balanced facial shape. Consequently, make-up was proved to be one of the methods which can be used to create social and psychological effect which can make a favorable facial impression and individuality, natural impression and image making depending on different purposes, taking advantage of optical illusion effect.
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하선옥 ( Sun Ok Ha ),조고미 ( Koh Mi Cho ) 한국패션비즈니스학회 2008 패션 비즈니스 Vol.12 No.1
A face is the place where individuals can first give their images visually. This chapter presents how `Visual optical illusion` works in applying makeup and how to differentiate the direction, location and shape of Lip in the aspect of physiognomy. For this study, employed were five types of face shape produced by Photoshop program. The best-matched facial shape was examined through a questionnaire research after applying the optical illusion of Lip to the five types of face shape. The results were revealed to be identical to ones presented in make-up teaching materials. In conclusion, it was found that well-matched shape and size of Lip could make some changes in the facial impression, changing the face shape into oval shape. The facial line can be modified and supplemented by reshaping such facial parts as the Lip, producing well-balanced facial shape. Consequently, make-up was proved to be one of the methods which can be used to create social and psychological effect which can make a favorable facial impression and individuality, natural impression and image making depending on different purposes, taking advantage of optical illusion effect.
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말초염증에 의한 등쪽뿌리신경절의 brain-derived neurotrophic factor 합성의 변화
김상열(Sang-Yul Kim),김정기(Jeong-Ki Kim),김효신(Hyo-Shin Kim),이상지(Sang-Ji Lee),하선옥(Sun-Ok Ha),홍해숙(Hae-Sook Hong),김동선(Dong-Sun Kim),조희중(Hee-Jung Cho) 대한해부학회 1998 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.31 No.3
신경영양인자 중 신경성장인자(NGF)는 염증에 의한 동통유발과 깊은 관련이 있음이 잘 알려져 있으나 brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)의 경우, 동통유발과의 관계에 대해서는 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 adjuvant를 흰쥐 뒷발바닥에 주사하여 염증을 유발시킨 후 in situ hybridization기법을 이용하여 등쪽뿌리신경절(DRG)에서 BDNFmRNA의 증감, trkAmRNA와 BDNFmRNA의 공존, preprotachykinin (PPT)mRNA와 BDNFmRNA의 공존, 그리고 adjuvant와 항NGF혈청을 같이 주사한 후 BDNFmRNA의 증감을 연구하여 다음의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1. 말초조직염증을 유발시키면 DRG에서 BDNFmRNA가 유의적으로 증가하였다. 2. 말초조직염증 유발 후 DRG에서 많은 수의 trkAmRNA-BDNFmRNA, 혹은 PPTmRNA-BDNFmRNA공유세포들이 높은 빈도로 관찰되었다. 3. Adjuvant와 항 NGF혈청을 같이 주사하였을 때 DRG에서 BDNFmRNA의 증가는 관찰할 수 없었다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 말초염증의 유발은 DRG에서 BDNF의 합성을 증가시키며 이러한 증가는 NGF를 매개로 하고, 아울러 DRG의 substance P함유신경세포는 BDNF를 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 이러한 사실들은 말초염증에 의한 동통전달에 BDNF가 중요한 역할을 함을 시사하는 것으로 사료되었다. It is well known that nerve growth factor (NGF) may serve as a link between inflammation and hyperalgesia. However, there is little information whether brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), another family of neurotrophin, may related with nociception. In the present study, in situ hybridization was used to evaluate i) the change in the level of BDNF mRNA, ii) colocalization of the trkA mRNA and BDNFmRNA and iii) colocalization of the preprotachykinin (PTT)mRNA and BDNFmRNA following peripheral inflammation produced by an intraplantar injection of Freund's adjuvant into the rat paws. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Peripheral tissue inflammation significantly increased BDNFmRNA levels in the DRG. 2. Many neurons expressing trkAmRNA showed increased expression of BDNFmRNA following peripheral inflammation. 3. Many neurons expressing PTT mRNA showed increased expression of BDNFmRNA following peripheral inflammation. 4. Intraplantar injection of antibody to NGF together with Freund's adjuvant prevent the increase in BDNFmRNA. The present results indicate that the peripheral inflammation induces an increased synthesis of BDNF which is mediated by NGF and BDNF coexist with substance P in the DRG and that BDNF may play an important role related with nociception.
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