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최영근,임남웅 중앙대학교 건설산업기술연구소 2001 건설산업기술연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.-
The effect of electrochemical process to treat the industrial Wastewater for removal of COD_Mn was described in this study. The tests on COD_Mn, pH and conductivity were performed. It was shown from the tests that, in regard to efficiency of COD_Mn removal, 1.5㎝ between the electrodes for electical resistance was optimally appeared. The COD_Mn concentration and conductivity of the waste water were initially decreased when the voltage charge was increased. Removal of COD_Mn was predominantly occurred with addition of NaCl and increase of retension time. The optimal amount of NaCl solution was 2,000㎎/L. The effective removal of COD_Mn was appeared when current density was increased and pH was decreased.
우리나라 우수 육상선수에 있어서 지속적 운동이 심장의 형태 및 기능에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구
박순영,김종인,최영근,배종화 한국보건통계학회 1997 한국보건정보통계학회지 Vol.22 No.1
To evaluate the ventricular structure and function in athletes before and after maximum exercise, this studied 48 males (average-age : 21.9 years) by Doppler and echocardiography, which consisted of 12 normal controls, 12 dynamic exercise athletes(12 jumper). These athletes were trained regularly for more than 5 years, and the results were as follows : 1) Physique (body height, body weight, chest-girth, sitting height) of athletes group and control group was than those of Korean standard physique. 2) Dynamic exercise athletes(marathon runners) in endurance of physical fitness are superior in static exercise athletes and normal control group, while static exercise athletes in static power are superior in dynamic exercise athletes and normal controls, but normal control group are inferior in their static power and endurance of physical fitness to athletes. 3) Before exercise, the diastolic and systolic left ventricular dimension(dLVD, sLVD) of athletes increased more significantly than the controls. Systolic septal wall thickness(sSWT) also increased in dynamic and static athletes. Before exercise, the diastolic and systolic posterior left ventricular wall thickness(dPWT, sPWT), left ventricular end-diastolic dimensions volume(LVEDV index) and end-systolic dimensions volume index(LVESV index) increased highly significantly in athletes than in the controls. 4) The left ventricular mass(LV mass) increased highly significant in athletes(dynamic and static exercise) than in the controls. 5) There were no differences of left ventricular and diastolic dimension after maximum exercise between the dynamic athletes and normal control group before exercise, but the left ventricular end-systolic dimension decreased dignificantly in dynamic and static exercise athletes, and the diastolic and systolic posterior left ventricular wall thickness(dPWT, sPWT) were no differences between the dynamic and static athletes or normal control group. 6) Before exercise, peak velocity A(PVA) and E(PVE) ratio(E/A) or time-velocity integral A(Ai) and E(Ei) ratio of dynamic exercise athletes increased more dignificant than the controls. After exercise, Doppler index of peak velocity A and E, aortic time-velocity integral(aTVI) were no differences between athletes and controls. 7) The correlation coefficient between physique and physical fitness, physique and M-mode echocardiography or Doppler and 2D echocardiography were showed as <Table 8>, < Table 9>, <Table 10>. These results suggested that the left ventricular mass in athletes increased due to increased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension in the dynamic exercise athletes and to the increased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and wall thickness in the static exercise athletes. After maximum exercise, the left ventricular end-systolic dimension of the static exercise athletes were more decreased with increased left ventricular wall thickness than the dynamic exercise athletes resulting in sugmented left ventricular systolic function in the static exercise athletes. Using Random Sampling, the author measured the body heights and weights of 27,561 persons - 14,717 in males and 12,844 in females from metropolitan, urban and rural area between 6 to 29 years old - for the purpose of investigating the type and the actual condition of the Korean's growth and development. At first, on the basis of the results, the authors measured the growth and development, various kinds of physiques, nutritional index of 6 age group to 20s age group. Second, the fatness measured in direct method by physiques, third, the author presented the standard body weight of males and females by their body height, who were in the end of their growth (20-29 age group). Finally, the author compared chronological change of the Korean's body heights and body weights with the results of other researchers. 1. Body Measurement Rapid growth, in terms of body height, which is described by a straight line on a growth curve has been observed among males in the ages 6-13 and among females 6-14. That growth curve turned out to be slower among the people of higher ages by both sexes. The cross-over occurred in both sexes of 11-14 age. The highest growth rate for a year is at 13-16 aged males and 11-13 aged females. This indicates that females enter a rapidly growing stage 2 years earlier than males. Rapid growth, in terms of body weight, which is described by a straight line on a growth curve has been observed among males is the ages 6-14 and among females 6-13. That growth curve turned out to be slower among the people of higher ages by both sexes. The cross-over occurred in both sexes 11.5-13.5 age. The highest growth rate for a year is at 13-16 aged males and 11-14 aged females. This indicates that females enter a rapidly growing stage 2 years earlier than males. 2.Barious Physiques and Nutritional index Rapid growth, in terms of Relative Body weight Index, which is described by a straight line, has been observed among males in the ages 6-16 and females in the ages 6-14. The cross-over occurred in both sexes 12.5-14.5 age in the adolescencent period. Whereupon females outgrow males. Roher Index displayed more good value in case of females than male and in the adolescent period, the level of fullness is lower than after the completion of development. Kaup Indices of both sexes increase with age. The index is less than. 2.0 for males in 6-14 age group and for females in 6-13 age group and with this, it appeared that development of horizontal axis to long axis is poor. the index is more than 2.0 after 15 age group in males and 14 age group in females and developmental state has been good. Body Mass Index is less than 20 for males 6-14 age group and for females in 6-13 age group. In the case of the higher age group, that index maintains a normal state. 3. The Fat Amount through the Method of Measurement of Physical Body In 6 years of age, the amount of body fat of male was 2.177 ±1.336㎏ and that of female was 8.310 ±1.312㎏. The amount increased with age to reach made in 20-29 age group an average 9.841 ±3.392㎏ and for female 15.094 ±1.920. In 6 years of age, the body fat(㎏) of male was 10.55±6.88㎏ and that of female was 39.95 ±9.78㎏. The body fat(%) increased with age to reach for male 20-29 age group and average 14.49 ±2.87% 28.44 ±2.53% for female. 4. Average Body Height, Body Weight and Desirable Body Weight of Korean Youth(20-29 Age Group). The average body weight and body height of full-grown Korean youth was 172.6 ±5.4㎝ and 66.4 ±9.4㎏ for male, 159.3 ±4.6㎝ and 53.3 ±6.9㎏ for females. In the case of calculating Desirable Body Weight of Korean youth, correlation coefficient of r=+0.384(P<0.001) between body height and body weight was found a make group and r=+0.380(P<0.001) in a female group, from whihc respective linear regression equation of body weight and height was established for male and female as follows ; Male : Y(Body Weight, ㎏) = 0.664 X (Body Height, ㎝)-48.13 Female : Y(Body Weight, ㎏) = 0.560 X (Body Height, ㎝)-36.01 5. Standard Body Weight Korean Adult by Age. Using respective regression equations, standard body weight<Table 14>, overweight and underweight of the Korean Adult was established for each age group. 6. The Chronological Change on Mean Values of Body height and Body Weight in Korean Adult. The Comparison with the mean values of body height and weight from 1910s to the present 1994 was been remarkably improved, and listed in <Table 15>. ㎏㎏㎏㎏
한국인의 신장과 체중의 성장과정에 따른 형태적 변화와 체구성에 관한 연구
박순영,유승희,최영근 한국보건통계학회 1997 한국보건정보통계학회지 Vol.22 No.1
Using Random Sampling, the author measured the body heights and weights of 27,561 persons - 14,717 in males and 12,844 in females from metropolitan, urban and rural area between 6 to 29 years old - for the purpose of investigating the type and the actual condition of the Korean's growth and development. At first, on the basis of the results, the authors measured the growth and development, various kinds of physiques, nutritional index of 6 age group to 20s age group. Second, the fatness measured in direct method by physiques, third, the author presented the standard body weight of males and females by their body height, who were in the end of their growth (20-29 age group). Finally, the author compared chronological change of the Korean's body heights and body weights with the results of other researchers. 1. Body Measurement Rapid growth, in terms of body height, which is described by a straight line on a growth curve has been observed among males in the ages 6-13 and among females 6-14. That growth curve turned out to be slower among the people of higher ages by both sexes. The cross-over occurred in both sexes of 11-14 age. The highest growth rate for a year is at 13-16 aged males and 11-13 aged females. This indicates that females enter a rapidly growing stage 2 years earlier than males. Rapid growth, in terms of body weight, which is described by a straight line on a growth curve has been observed among males is the ages 6-14 and among females 6-13. That growth curve turned out to be slower among the people of higher ages by both sexes. The cross-over occurred in both sexes 11.5-13.5 age. The highest growth rate for a year is at 13-16 aged males and 11-14 aged females. This indicates that females enter a rapidly growing stage 2 years earlier than males. 2.Barious Physiques and Nutritional index Rapid growth, in terms of Relative Body weight Index, which is described by a straight line, has been observed among males in the ages 6-16 and females in the ages 6-14. The cross-over occurred in both sexes 12.5-14.5 age in the adolescencent period. Whereupon females outgrow males. Roher Index displayed more good value in case of females than male and in the adolescent period, the level of fullness is lower than after the completion of development. Kaup Indices of both sexes increase with age. The index is less than. 2.0 for males in 6-14 age group and for females in 6-13 age group and with this, it appeared that development of horizontal axis to long axis is poor. the index is more than 2.0 after 15 age group in males and 14 age group in females and developmental state has been good. Body Mass Index is less than 20 for males 6-14 age group and for females in 6-13 age group. In the case of the higher age group, that index maintains a normal state. 3. The Fat Amount through the Method of Measurement of Physical Body In 6 years of age, the amount of body fat of male was 2.177 ±1.336㎏ and that of female was 8.310 ±1.312㎏. The amount increased with age to reach made in 20-29 age group an average 9.841 ±3.392㎏ and for female 15.094 ±1.920. In 6 years of age, the body fat(㎏) of male was 10.55±6.88㎏ and that of female was 39.95 ±9.78㎏. The body fat(%) increased with age to reach for male 20-29 age group and average 14.49 ±2.87% 28.44 ±2.53% for female. 4. Average Body Height, Body Weight and Desirable Body Weight of Korean Youth(20-29 Age Group). The average body weight and body height of full-grown Korean youth was 172.6 ±5.4㎝ and 66.4 ±9.4㎏ for male, 159.3 ±4.6㎝ and 53.3 ±6.9㎏ for females. In the case of calculating Desirable Body Weight of Korean youth, correlation coefficient of r=+0.384(P<0.001) between body height and body weight was found a make group and r=+0.380(P<0.001) in a female group, from whihc respective linear regression equation of body weight and height was established for male and female as follows ; Male : Y(Body Weight, ㎏) = 0.664 X (Body Height, ㎝)-48.13 Female : Y(Body Weight, ㎏) = 0.560 X (Body Height, ㎝)-36.01 5. Standard Body Weight Korean Adult by Age. Using respective regression equations, standard body weight<Table 14>, overweight and underweight of the Korean Adult was established for each age group. 6. The Chronological Change on Mean Values of Body height and Body Weight in Korean Adult. The Comparison with the mean values of body height and weight from 1910s to the present 1994 was been remarkably improved, and listed in <Table 15>. ㎏㎏㎏㎏