시금치종자의 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$에 의한 L-ascorbic acid로부터 ascorbic acid-2-glucoside의 생산

정지윤,송희상,방원기,Chung, Ji-Youn,Song, Hee-Sang,Bang, Won-Gi 한국응용생명화학회 2004 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.47 No.2

Ascorbic acid로부터 $2-O-{\alpha}-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic$ acid(ascorbic acid-2-glucoside, AA-2G)를 생산하기 위하여, transglucosylation 활성을 가지는 시금치 종자의 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$를 효소원으로 이용하였다. 시금치 종자로 사용한 Spinachia oleracea L. WooSung의 조효소액의 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ 활성은 발아 후 3일 째에 가장 높게 나타났으며, AA-2G의 생산은 2일 키운 시금치의 조효소액을 이용하였을 때, 생산량이 1.053 mM로 가장 높았다. 조효소액을 이용한 AA-2G 생산에 있어서 glucose 공여체로는 maltose가 가장 좋았으며, maltose와 ascorbic acid의 최적 농도는 각각 225 mM과 175 mM이었다. ${\alpha}-glucosidase$는 60 unit를 사용했을 때 생산량이 가장 좋았다. 효과적인 반응완충용액은 sodium acetate 완충액이었으며, 최적 농도는 175 mM이었다. 최적 pH및 반응온도는 각각 5.0과 $65^{\circ}C$였고, 최적 반응조건 하에서 50분 반응 후에 ascorbic acid로부터 2.30 mM의 AA-2G가 생산되었다. For the production of $2-O-{\alpha}-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic$ acid (ascorbic acid-2-g1ucoside, AA-2G) from ascorbic acid, the usability of spinach seed as the source of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ having transglucosylation activity was studied. The optimum conditions for the production of AA-2G from ascorbic acid and glucose donor were investigated by using crude extract of Spinachia oleracea L. Woosung, the selected source of enzyme. The production of AA-2G was the highest with 1.053 mM when spinach seeds were grown for 2 days after germination. Maltose was the most effective glucose donor, and the optimum concentration of ascorbic acid and maltose were 175 mM and 225 mM, respectively. The optimum concentration of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ was 60 units. The most effective buffer was sodium acetate and its optimum concentration was 175 mM. The optimum pH and temperature were 5.0 and $65^{\circ}C$, respectively. Under the optimum condition, 2.14 mM of AA-2G was produced from ascorbic acid after 50 minutes of reaction.

산전 초음파에 의해 진단된 후복막강내 Fetus in Fetu 1 예

정지윤(Ji Youn Chung),김소라(So Ra Kim),원혜성(Hye Sung Won),이필량(Pil Ryang Lee),최재성(Jae Sung Choi),구본상(Bon Sang Koo),이향숙(Hyang Suk Lee),김암(Am Kim) 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.7

Fetus in fetu is a very rare pathologic feature consisting of a parasitic twin included within the body of the other twin. Fetus in fetu within about 7×6×5 ㎝ sized cystic mass in the fetal retroperitoneum was detected and diagnosed during antenatal ultrasound and confirmed by computed tomography scan postnatally. The mass was removed after birth. The cyst contain yellowish serous fluid with two solid masses. Two solid masses were confirmed fetus in fetu by gross and microscopic pathologic examination. The larger one showed well-developed and organized internal organ.

질출혈을 동반한 자궁내 초기임신에서 혈중 CA125의 임신예후 예측 효용성

정지윤 ( Ji Youn Chung ),문종수 ( Chong Soo Moon ) 대한산부인과학회 2010 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.53 No.6

목적: 질출혈이 동반된 초기임신에서 임신의 예후를 알아보기 위하여 혈중 CA125를 측정하여 그 농도가 급격하게 증가하거나 고농도를 유지하는 경우에 유산의 발생을 예측할 수 있는 지를 알아보고, 만약 그 가치가 존재한다면 기준값을 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 연구 방법: 임신 초기에 질출혈이 동반된 임신부 40명을 대상으로 하였다. 첫 방문 시에 혈중 CA125를 측정하였으며 이후 1주 간격으로 임신 1삼분기까지 추적검사하였으며, 이 때 유산으로 확인된 경우에는 소파수술 후 추적을 중단하였다. 모든 방문 시에는 β-hCG와 초음파 검사를 동시에 시행하였다. 결과: 결국 14명에서 유산이 발생하였고 26명은 임신이 지속되었다. 유산은 대부분 혈중 CA125 농도가 유의하게 증가한 경우에 발생하였으며, ROC 곡선에서 150 U/mL가 유산예측의 기준 농도로 가장 의미가 있었다. CA125 농도가 150 U/mL 이상이었던 17명 중에서 12명이 유산되었고, 150 U/mL 미만이었던 23명 중에서는 2명이 유산되어 유산발생에 대한 양성예측도와 음성예측도는 각각 70.6%와 91.3%였다(P<0.01). 결론: 임신 초기의 모체 혈중 CA125 농도는 임신의 예후를 판정하는 제 3의 중요한 예측인자가 될 수 있다. 특히 임신 초기에 질출혈이 동반된 경우에 CA125의 농도가 갑자기 증가한다면 유산의 발생을 강력히 예견할 수 있으며, 기존의 혈중 β-hCG와 초음파와 같이 적용한다면 임신 예후 예측에 더욱 가치가 있을 것으로 사료된다. Objective: To investigate whether sudden rise or already increased level of maternal serum CA125 predicts spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy with vaginal bleeding. And if so, to decide the CA125 cut-off level for poor pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The prospective study was performed in forty women presenting with any vaginal bleeding at early pregnancy. Maternal serum CA125 levels were evaluated on the first visit and followed up during the first trimester, or until the time to diagnose abortion. Serial maternal serum β-hCG and ultrasonographic evaluation were also performed at the same time. Results: There were eventually fourteen abortions and twenty-six ongoing pregnancies. Using receiver-operating characteristic curve, 150 U/mL of serum CA125 was the most useful value for predicting spontaneous abortion. In most of abortion women, the serum CA125 level was increased over than 150 U/mL immediately before the abortion. The twelve of 17 women who were 150 U/mL or more resulted in abortion, while there were just two cases of abortion among 23 women who were less than 150 U/mL. Its positive predictive value was 70.6% and negative predictive value was 91.3% respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion: There was a strong correlation between high level of serum CA125 and subsequent spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy. It should be valuable to check maternal serum CA125 added to β-hCG and ultrasound for predicting pregnancy outcome at the early pregnancy, especially in the cases with vaginal bleeding.

임신 중기 모체 혈청내 α - FP 과 free β - hCG 농도의 임상적 유용성

정지윤(Ji Youn Chung),김소라(So Ra Kim),원혜성(Hye Sung Won),이필량(Pil Ryang Lee),김암(Ahm Kim) 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.7

목적 : 서울아산병원 산부인과에서 시행한 임신중기의 모체혈청 α-FP, free β-hCG 농도측정을 이용한 염색체 이상에 대한 선별검사의 성적과, 임신 예후와의 연관성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 1994년 10월부터 1999년 12월까지 서울아산병원 산부인과에서 임신 중기 모체혈청 α-FP, free β-hCG검사를 하고 본원에서 분만을 한 8,304명의 임신부를 후향적 연구를 통해 염색체 이상의 위험도가 높은 군과 신경관 결손의 위험도가 높은 군에서의 염색체 이상의 빈도를 분석하고, free β-hCG 값이 2.5 MoM 이상으로 높은 군에서의 임신결과를 분석하였다. 결과 : 총 8,304명의 산모 중 298명 (3.6%)이 염색체 이상에 대한 고위험 임신으로, 61명 (0.7%)은 신경관 결손 고위험 임신으로 분류되었다. 염색체 이상의 고위험 임신 중 13명이 다양한 염색체 이상을 나타냈고, 그 중 6명은 다운 증후군의 태아를 분만하였다. 정상 위험도이면서 염색체 이상을 보인 경우는 8예 있었고, 다운 증후군의 태아를 분만한 경우는 2예 (0.02%) 있었다. 신경관 결손 고위험이면서 염색체 이상을 보인 경우는 4 예 있었다. 위 두 가지 지표를 이용했을 때 68% (17/25)의 염색체 이상 발견율을 보였고, 위양성율 4.1%를 보였다. 전체 환자 중 다운증후군 발견율은 75% (6/8), 위양성율 3.5%, 위음성율 0.02%를 보였다. free β-hCG 값이 2.5 MoM 이상인 군의 임신의 예후 및 신생아 예후에 관해 살펴보면, free β-hCG이 2.5 MoM 미만인 군에 비해 조산율이 (7.8%: 3.8%) 높고, 태아 발육지연율도 (6.5%: 2.7%) 높고, 1분 아프가 점수가 7점 미만인 경우가 (4.8%: 1.7%) 많았다. 결론 : 임신 중기 모체 혈청 α-FP, free β-hCG검사는 기존의 α-FP, total β-hCG, uE3를 이용한 선별검사와 비슷한 효용성으로 염색체 이상의 선별검사로 사용될 수 있으며, 특히 free β-hCG검사는 임신성 고혈압, 태아 발육지연, 저체중아 등을 예측할 수 있는 임신 예후의 지표로 사용될 수 있겠다. Objective : The aim of this study was to evaluate the detection rate of the chromosomal abnormalities by screening of maternal serum α-FP, free β-hCG in midtrimester and to evaluate the association of elevated free β-hCG with neonatal & pregnancy outcome. Methods : From October 1995 to December 1999, We studied 8,304 pregnant women who delivered in Asan Medical Center. We measured the levels of serum α-FP and free β-hCG in the midtrimester. We reviewed high Down risk group, high NTD risk group and numerous cases of chromosomal abnormalities, retrospectively. To evaluate the association of elevated free β-hCG with neonatal & pregnancy outcome, we reviewed birth weight, apgar score, gestational age at delivery, presence of PIH or fetal growth restriction. Results : Two hundred ninety eight (3.6%) women were screened as high Down risk pregnancy, 61 (0.7%) women were screened as high NTD risk pregnancy. In the high risk group of chromosomal abnormalities, there were 13 cases of various chromosomal abnormalites, including of six Down syndrome baby. In the low risk group, there were two (0.02%) Down syndrome baby and 8 cases of other chromosomal abnormality. By using maternal serum α-FP, free β-hCG in mid-trimester, 68% of the detection rate of chromosomal abnormalites and 4.1% of false positive rate was reported. The detection rate of Down syndrome is 75% (6/8) and 3.5% of false positive rate, 0.02% of false negative rate were reported. In the aspect of pregnancy outcome, when the free β-hCG more than 2.5MOM, there were more numerous preterm delivery (8.2% vs 3.8%), IUGR (4.6% vs 1.7%), lower 1 min apgar score than 7 (6.4% vs 2.7%). Conclusion Maternal serum α-FP, free β-hCG is at least useful method as Double markers screening method for fetal chromosomal abnormalites and maybe elevated free β-hCG level can be useful marker of poor pregnancy outcome such as PIH, low birth weight or preterm delivery.

자궁경부암에서 면역조직화학염색법을 이용한 Matrix Metalloproteinase - 2 , - 9 의 발현 정도와 예후 인자와의 상관관계

정지윤(Ji Youn Chung),김용만(Yong Man Kim),김영탁(Young Tak Kim),남주현(Joo Hyun Nam),공경엽(Gyung Yub Gong) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.9

N/A Objective : Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) has been reported to have a key role in the sequence of events that lead to local tumor invasion and metastasis. The present study was conducted to evaluate the role of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in cervical neoplasia. Methods : Ten cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and 40 cases of cervical carcinoma were analysed by immunohistochemical staining. Paraffin-embedded archival tissue sections were examined for the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Results of overexpression were analyzed for the correlation with clinical characteristics and prognostic factors. Results : The overexpression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was significantly higher in invasive cervical carcinoma than in CIN cases. There was no statistical significance in the correlation between MMP-2 or MMP-9 overexpression and the clinical prognostic factors. However, higher degree of MMP expression was observed in tumors of larger size, poorly differenciated and with lymph node metastasis compared to tumors of smaller size, well differentiated and without lymph node metastasis. Conclusions : From these findings, it can be postulated that MMPs may possibly play a role in the late stage of tumorigenesis, implying prognostic value. However, to draw a definite conclusion on their prognostic value, larger number of cases should be studied further.

생화학,분자생물학 : 시금치종자의 α- glucosidase에 의한 L-ascorbic acid로부터 ascorbic acid-2-glucoside의 생산

정지윤 ( Ji Youn Chung ),송희상 ( Hee Sang Song ),방원기 ( Won Gi Bang ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2004 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.47 No.2

태아 맥락총 낭종(Choroid Plexus Cysts)의 임상적 의의

조지형 ( Ji Hyung Cho ),정지윤 ( Ji Youn Chung ),원혜성 ( Hye Sung Won ),구본상 ( Bon Sang Koo ),김종수 ( Jong Soo Kim ),김소라 ( So Ra Kim ),이필량 ( Pil Ryang Lee ),김암 ( Ahm Kim ) 대한주산의학회 2002 Perinatology Vol.13 No.1

연구목적:태아 맥락총 낭종은 초음파 검사상 흔하게 발견되는 소견이나, 그 임상적 중요성에 대해서는 많은 논란이 있어왔다. 대부분 정상적인 발달과정의 일부로 인식되고 있으나, 일부 trisomy 18과의 연관성도 보고되고 있다. 이에 본 저자들은 태아 맥락총 낭종의 발생빈도 및 염색체 이상과의 연관성을 알아보고, 향후 산전처치 방향을 결정하기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법:1996년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 서울아산병원 산부인과에서 초음파 검사를 시행받았던 산모 중 맥락총 낭종으로 진단받은 168명을 대상으로 하였다. 이들을 단독 맥락총 낭종이 있었던 군과 고위험군으로 분류하여 각각 산모의 연령, 초음파 소견, 염색체 검사 시행여부 및 분만 결과 등을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 또한 염색체 이상과의 연관성을 알아보기 위해 맥락총 낭종을 양측성, 크기, 형태에 따라 비교 분석하였다. 결과:맥락총 낭종의 빈도는 1.60%(175/10917)이었다. 연구에 포함된 168예 중 단독 맥락총 낭종군은 85예, 고위험군은 83예이었다. 단독군에서는 trisomy 18이 1예 있었고, 고위험군에서는 trisomy 18이 18예, trisomy 21이 2예 관찰되었다. 이들 20예에서는 대부분 초음파 소견상 다른 장기의 기형을 동반하고 있었다. 낭종을 양측성 여부, 형태, 크기에 따라 분류하여 염색체 이상과의 연관성을 알아본 결과 크기가 클수록(≥10mm), 불규칙한 모양일수록, 양측에 존재하는 경우에 염색체 이상과의 연관성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결론:맥락총 낭종이 단독으로 있는 경우에서는 염색체 이상의 빈도가 매우 낮았으나, 동반 기형이 있는 경우에서는 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 맥락총 낭종이 발견된 경우에는 무조건 염색체 검사를 시행하기보다는 반드시 다른 장기의 기형유무를 확인하여야 하며, 산모의 나이 및 double marker 등의 결과를 토대로 염색체 검사 시행여부를 결정하는 것이 바람직하겠다. Objectives:Choroid plexus cysts(CPCs) are commonly found at a routine ultrasonography. There is, however much debate as to their clinical significance. The aim of this study were to estimate the prevalence of CPCs associated with aneuploidy and to establish the guidelines for prenatal management and parental counseling. Methods:Between January 1996 and December 2001, 10,917 women who underwent the secondtrimester USG at Asan Medical Center, of them CPCs were noted in 168 fetuses; there were 85 cases of isolated CPCs and 83 cases of the high risk group. All women whose fetuses were diagnosed as having CPCs underwent the targeted USG for survey of the detailed anatomy and followed with the repeat USG after 3-4weeks. We analysed the association of chromosomal abnormality and CPC, according to the size, bilaterality, and shape. Results:The incidence of CPCs was 1.60%(175/10917). The gestational age of the first detection of CPCs was 21.0±3.8(mean±SD). In the isolated CPCs(85cases) all case except one resulted in normal karyotyping. In the high risk group(83cases), eighteen of trisomy 18, and two of trisomy 21 were detected. Almost all of them had other structural abnormalities on USG. The chromosomal abnormalities was significantly related with CPCs when CPCs are large(≥10mm), bilateral, and irregular shape. Conclusion:The risk of chromosomal abnormalities is elevated when CPCs are associated with other structural abnormalities on USG. Therefore it is recommendable that the fetal chromosomal analysis to be performed, based on the presence of associated abnormal findings on USG, maternal age, and results of the double marker test.

태아성장제한 임신에서 영양모세포의 세포고사와 BRCA1 발현에 관한 연구

문종수 ( Chong Soo Moon ),정지윤 ( Ji Youn Chung ) 대한산부인과학회 2006 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.49 No.3

성경험이 없는 여성의 자궁 내막에 존재한 방선균

지은정 ( Eun Jung Ji ),손혜연 ( Hyae Yeon Son ),김시내 ( Shi Nae Kim ),이용우 ( Yong Woo Lee ),장재혁 ( Jae Hyuk Chang ),정지윤 ( Ji Youn Chung ),문종수 ( Chong Soo Moon ) 대한산부인과학회 2007 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.50 No.11

Actinomyces species are anaerobic or microaerophilic non-spore-forming gram-positive rods that may reach, occasionally, the normal female genital tract. Actinomycosis is uncommon and often presents as a complication of an intrauterine device (IUD). IUD and pessaries facilitate the access of the microorganisms to the pelvis. Almost 85% of cases occur in women who have had an IUD in place for 3 or more years. In fact, the detection rate of Actinomyces in patients with pelvic actinomycosis is as low as 2%. The diseases caused by Actinomyces spp. is often of difficult diagonsis. The diagnosis of actinomycosis can be confirmed by culture. However, it is often difficult to culture Actinomyces. Therefore a diagnosis of actinomycosis can be made from the finding of sulfur granules within inflammatory exudate on histologic examination after surgery. However, it may be possible to diagnose actinomycosis before surgery by the finding of Actinomyces-like organisms on Papanicolaou smears. The endometrial involvement is extremely rare. The authors report an unusual case of endometrial infection by Actinomyces in a 21 year-old female without intercourse, admitted into the institute with menorrhagia. She had received oral pills. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a endometrial thickening. The pre-diagnosis was endometrial hyperplasia. The endometrial biopsy was done. The sample from the endometrium developed actinomycosis. After procedure and treatment, the menorrhagia was disappeared.

복벽종괴로 발견된 속자궁목증

나연식 ( Yeon Sik Na ),정지윤 ( Ji Youn Chung ),문종수 ( Chong Soo Moon ) 대한산부인과학회 2008 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.51 No.12

Endocervicosis refers to the presence of benign mucinous glands of endocervical type in ectopic site. It is rare and usually detected incidentally by histologic examination. The urinary bladder is the most common site, but peritoneum, small bowel, abdominal scar, outer wall of the cervix, vagina, and lymph nodes have been documented. Because this is the first documented report of endocervicosis arising in the rectus muscle in korea, we report this with a brief review of the concerned literatures.