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하수고도처리 공정내 호기성, 무산소성 및 혐기성 반응조에서 종속영양 미생물 생산계수, Y<sub>H</sub>의 비교분석
신정섭,고광백,이지영,임세호,강승현,박재한,Shin, Jung Sub,Ko, Kwang Baik,Lee, Ji Young,Lim, Se Ho,Kang, Seung Hyun,Park, Jae Han 한국물환경학회 2006 한국물환경학회지 Vol.22 No.3
Heterotrophic biomass yield coefficients, $Y_H$, for aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic reactors were successfully estimated for the two wastewater treatment plants, where one plant was operating in the $A^2/O$ process and the other was operating in the 4-stage BNR process. The estimation of $Y_H$ was undertaken by plotting the biomass COD concentrations versus the soluble COD concentrations in order to calculate the ${\Delta}biomass$ COD/ ${\Delta}soluble$ COD in each batch reactor. The batch reactors employed in this study were fed by filtered influent and mixed liquors in the ratio of 10:1, and operated in the aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic conditions, which represented the actual operating conditions for the $A^2/O$ and 4-stage BNR process. The average $Y_H$ values of the aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic reactor for the $A^2/O$ process were 0.52, 0.41 and 0.18 mg COD/mg COD, respectively, and those for the 4-stage BNR process were 0.58, 0.40 and 0.20 mg COD/mg COD, respectively. The average ratio of the $Y_H$ for aerobic reactors to those for the anoxic reactors were about 1:0.79 for the $A^2/O$ process, and about 1:0.69 for the 4-stage BNR process. The experimental method for anoxic and anaerobic $Y_H$ estimation shown in this study has turned out to be simple and efficient in its practical application.
압력지연삼투 염분차발전기술 (PRO) 개발현황 및 전망
박용균(Yong-Gyun Park),임세호(Se-ho Lim),박태신(Tae-shin Park) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2021 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.5
압력지연삼투(Pressure Retarded Osmosis, PRO)는 염분차(염도차) 에너지를 생산할 수 있는 유망한 기술로 평가되고 있다. 수처리 시설에서 나오는 배출수를 이용하는 신재생 에너지 기술로, 해수담수화 플랜트에서 나오는 고염도 배출수와 하수처리 또는 재이용 플랜트에서 나오는 저염도 배출수를 활용해 삼투현상을 일으켜 에너지를 얻는 원리다. 이 기술이 주목받는 이유는 배출수를 활용해 에너지를 생산함으로써 해수담수화 플랜트 운영비의 약 50%를 차지하는 전력비용 절감할 수 있고, 플랜트에서 나오는 배출수를 처리 또는 재활용해 환경오염을 줄일 수 있기 때문이다. GS건설의 실증연구에 따르면 이 기술이 상용화될 경우 해수담수화 전력비용을 현재보다 20% 이상 절감할 수 있다. 여기에 다른 신재생에너지원(태양광, 풍력 등)과 달리 날씨에 영향을 받지 않고, 일정한 에너지를 일년 내내 생산할 수 있다는 장점도 있다. Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) has been considered as a potential technique to harvest salinity gradient energy (or osmotic energy). It is a new and renewable energy technology that uses effluent from water treatment facilities. Energy is generated by the creation of osmotic phenomena using high salinity effluent from seawater desalination plants and low salinity effluent from sewage treatment and reuse plants. The reason this technology attracts attention is that by generating energy using effluent, it is possible to reduce electricity cost, which accounts for about 50% of the operating cost of a seawater desalination plant, and to reduce environmental pollution by recycling effluent from the plant. According to a large-scale pilot study conducted by GS E&C, if this technology is commercialized, the cost of seawater desalination can be reduced by more than 20%. In addition, unlike other renewable energy sources (solar power, wind power, etc.), it has the advantage of being able to produce constant energy year-round, without being affected by the weather.