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포항 로란-C (9930M) 신호를 이용한 ASF 해상측정
이창복,이종구,김영재,황상욱,이상정,양성훈,Lee, Chang-Bok,Lee, Jong-Koo,Kim, Young-Jae,Hwang, Sang-Wook,Lee, Sang-Jeong,Yang, Sung-Hoon 한국항해항만학회 2011 한국항해항만학회지 Vol. No.
Loran(LOang RAnge Navigation) 신호를 이용한 측위 시에 정확도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 오차요소는 TOA(Time of Arrival) 측정에서의 ASF(Additional Secondary Factor)이다. 따라서 공항접근이나 항만 접안 등의 측위 정확도를 만족시키려면 먼저 정확한 ASF측정이 선행되어야 하는데, 본 연구에서는 해상에서 ASF를 측정하는 기법을 연구하였다. 그 측정방법으로 포항 Loran-C 주국(9930M)에서 송신하는 로란 신호와 로란 수신기의 기준신호를 세슘원자시계를 기준으로 측정함으로써 해상에서의 ASF를 측정하였고 영일만 해상의 12 곳의 측정지점을 3 km 간격으로 설정하여 측정하였다. 해상측정에서 정확도를 높이기 위해서 전기장 안테나와 자기장 안테나를 동시에 사용하였으며 정확한 위치측정을 위해서 DGPS(Differential GPS)수신기를 이용하였다. 이런 방법을 이용하여 해상에서 ASF를 측정함으로써 ASF 예측값과 비교한 결과를 얻었다. A significant factor limiting the ranging accuracy of Loran (Long Range Navigation) signal is the additional secondary factor (ASF) in the time of arrival (TOA) measurements. Precise ASF values are essential if Loran deliver the high absolute accuracies demanded for aircraft approach, maritime harbour entrance. We measured the absolute propagation delay between Pohang Loran signal and Loran receiver output signal by comparing with Cesium atomic clock. In this study we measured ASFs between Pohang 9930M station and the 12 measurement points in the Yeongil Bay by using the measurement technique of absolute time delay. The measurement points were spaced at interval of 3 km by 3 km. An E-field antenna and an H-field antenna were used to improve the accuracy of ASF measurements and a DGPS (Differential GPS) receiver was used for accurate positions. We have gotten the result that the measured ASFs were compared with the predicted ASFs through this measurement technique.
이창복,박용안,고철환,Lee, Chang-Bok,Park, Yong-Ahn,Koh, Chul-Hwan The Korean Society of Oceanography 1985 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.20 No.3
Sediment transport by tidal currents as well as the distribution and properties of intertial surface sediments are investigated using the data obtained from an anchor station on the main tidal channel and 56 tidal flat surface samples. Sedimentation in the intertidal zone appears to occur mainly during the spring tide period in this environment. The tidal flat can be classified into three depositional facies. The tidal flat deposits are ubiquitously bioturbated by various bottom dwelling organisms among which the crabs and polychaetes predominate. Average trace metal contents of the intertidal surface sediments are: 74.8 ppm co, 67.8 ppm Ni, 32.6 ppm Cu and 30.7 ppm Pb. Compared with the northen Kyeonggi Bay bottom sediments, these contents are significantly high, except for Pb.
조간대 퇴적물의 공극수 지구화학 : 1. 용존 영양염 (S, N, P)의 계절변화
이창복,김동선,Lee, Chang-Bok,Kim, Dong-Seon The Korean Society of Oceanography 1990 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.25 No.1
A series of pore water data were obtained during the different time over one year period between October 1987 and October 1988, from a site on a muddy intertidal flat, located in the Kyeong-gi Bay, west coast of Korea, The results have revealed that the tidal flat is an environment of active nutrient the subface supplied by the overlying seawater is almost completely removed from the pore water at depth of about 10 cm below the sediment surface. The nutrients such as ammonium and phosphate are produced through this process and subsequently accumulated in the pore water forming steep gradients near the sediment surface. Below the main sulfate redirection zone, a secondary peak of dissolved sulfate was often observed. Greal seasonal variation of the pore water nutrient profiles was observed, which was particularly clear in their maximum concentration as well as in their concentration gradient. The rate constants of sulfate reduction and nutrient regeneration, estimated by using a diagenetic model (Berner, 1980), differ by an order of magnitude between the summer and winter seasons. The difference in sediment temperature may account for most of the calculated variation. The C:N:P ratio, calculated from the pore water nutrient gradients also exhibits a slight seasonal difference. The organic matter being decomposed by sulfate reduction appears to be depleted in depleted in nitrogen, compared to the average marine organic matter.
이창복,LEE, CHANG-BOK The Korean Society of Oceanography 1992 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.27 No.2
용존 철의 행동과 시간적 변화에 대한 연구가 온대 대조차 환경인 금강 하구에서 이루어 졌다. 이지역에서 가장 중요한 환경변수인 하천배수량과 조차의 차이로 야기되 는 변화를 파악할 수 있도록 4번의 현장조사를 각각 다른 배수량과 조차의 시기에 실 시하였으며, 아울러 실험실 내에서 혼합실험도 행해졌다. 혼합실험의 결과 하천에 의 해 운반되는 용존 철의 90% 이상이 5$\textperthousand$ 이하의 저염분역에서 제거되는 현상이 확인되 었다. 그러나 현장조사에서 이러한 초기 혼합시의 용존 철 제거가 뚜렷이 나타난 것은 갈수기.소조기 3번의 다른 환경조건 하에서는 용존 철 농도의 심한 변화가 관측되었 다. 하천배수량과 조차의 변화에 따라 보여진 용존 철의 변화는 하구순환이나 퇴적물 재부유 및 응집체 해체 등의 물리적 현상과 관련시켜 해석되었다.
Distribution and properties of intertidal Surface Sediments of Kyeonggi Bay, West Coast of Korea
이창복,유홍룡,박경수,LEE, CHANG-BOK,YOO, HONG-RHYONG,PARK, KYUNG-SOO The Korean Society of Oceanography 1992 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.27 No.4
Kyeonggi Bay, a macrotidal coastal embayment in the Yellow Sea coast of central korea, is fringed by vastly developed tidal flats. About 400 surface sediment samples were collected from the intertidal and subtidal zones of Kyeonggi Bay for a study of the sediment distribution pattern and the surface sediment characteristics of this environment. The kyeonggi Bay surface sediment becomes progressively finer in the shoreward direction, from offshore sand to shoreward silty sand and sandy silt. This shoreward-fining trend is repeated again on the tidal flat and, as a consequence, a grain-size break occurs near the low-water line which separates the intertidal area from the subtidal one. The intertidal and subtidal sediments differ from each other in textural characteristics such as mean grain size and skewness and this can be interpreted to result from differences in hydraulic energy and morphology between the two environments. The mineral and chemical compositions of the Kyeonggi Bay sediments are largely controlled by the sediment grain size. Smectite was nearly absent in the clay mineral assemblage of Kyeonggi Bay sediment. The contents of Co, Cu and Ni were high in the Banweol tidal flat, which suggests a continuous process of accumulation of these metals. the intertidal environment appears to respond rapidly to artificial coastal modifications, the effects of which should be taken into consideration when planning a dam construction or coastal reclamation.
이창복,이동두,정낙삼,Lee, Chang-Bok,Lee, Dong-Doo,Chung, Nak-Sam 대한전자공학회 1990 전자공학회논문지 Vol. No.
정밀 시각비교를 위한 L1 대역(1575.42MHz), C/A 코드 GPS 수신기를 개발하여 성능평가를 하였다. 이 수신기를 이용하여 KSRI의 주 시계와 GPS 위성의 세슘 시계와의 GPS 측정을 100ns 이내의 정확도로 수행하였다. We have developed a L1 band (1575.42 MHz), C/A (Coarse/Acquisition) code GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver for precise time comparison and evaluated the performance of the receiver. The GPS measurements have been carried out between cesium clocks onboard the GPS satellites and the master clock of Korea Standards Research Institute (KSRI) using the GPS receiver. An accuracy of time transfer better than 100ns was obtained.