인공습지 오수처리수를 이용한 벼재배 실험

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),함종화 ( Ham Jeong Hwa ),우선호 ( Woo Sunfa ),김민희 ( Kim Min Hee ) 한국농공학회 2001 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.43 No.2

A pilot study was performed at the experimental field of Konkuk University in Seoul, to examine the feasibility of the constructed wetland system for sewage and the effect of treated sewage irrigation on the paddy rice culture and its soil characteristics. The constructed wetland performed well, in that effluent concentrations of pollutants were significantly lower than concentrations of the influent. Median removal efficiencies of BOD₅ was about 78% and slightly lower during winter. Removal efficiencies form TN and TP were approximately 48 and 21%, respectively, and relatively less effective than that of BOD₅. Irrigation of treated sewage to paddy rice culture did not affect adversely in both growth and yield of rice. Instead, plots of treated sewage irrigation showed up to 50% more yield in average than the control plot. It implies that treated sewage irrigation might be beneficial to rice culture rather than detrimental as long as it is treated adequately and used properly. Soil was sampled and analyzed before transplanting and after harvesting. pH was slightly increased due to irrigation water, but it may not be concerned as long as the treated sewage is within the normal range. EC was increased in first year but decreased in second year, therefore salts accumulation in the soil could be less concerned. OM and CES was slightly increased, which might be beneficial on growing plants. TN did not show apparent pattern. Available phosphorus was decreased after rice culture, but the quantity of phosphorus(TP-available phosphorus) was rather increased which implies that excessive phosphorus supply may result in phosphorus accumulation in the soil. Overall, the constructed wetland was thought to be an effective sewage treatment alternative, and treated sewage could be reused as a supplemental source of irrigation water for paddy rice culture without causing adverse effect as long as it is treated adequately and used properly. For full-scale application, further investigation should be followed on environmental risk assessment, tolerable water quality, and fraction of supplemental irrigation.ion.

습지-저류지에 의한 하구 담수호 수질개선 효과 예측

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),함종화 ( Ham Jong Hwa ) 한국농공학회 2000 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.42 No.5

Investigated was the effectiveness of a constructed wetland system on water quality in Hwa-Ong estuarine reservoir, located in Hwasung-Gun, Kyunggi-Do. Procedures for estimation of pollutant loading from watershed and required area for natural systems, and simulation of corresponding reservoir water quality were reviewed. Generally, simulated reservoir water quality was within the reasonable range, and about 15% of total polder farmland was required to meet the agricultural water quality standards. The model was applied based on the current loading condition without additional treatment systems. Wetland system is an ecologically sound treatment system. Therefore, natural systems can be an alternative measure for water quality improvement in polder projects. The area for natural systems was estimated using literature value which might be acceptable at the planning stage. However, pilot system and its experimental data are requisite for large scale field application. WASP5 was proved to be a useful and versatile model, and its application to estuarine reservoir water quality simulation was thought to be appropriate.

인공습지에 의한 농촌오수처리에 관한 연구

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),권순국 ( Kwun Sun Kook ),김형중 ( Kim Hyung Joong ) 한국농공학회 1997 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.39 No.4

Constructed wetland system which can be applied to the rural wastewater treatment system was examined by pilot plant in Kon-Kuk University. Hydraulic loading rate of wastewater was about 0.16m³/m² · day and theoretical detention time in the system was 1.38 days. The effluent of the septic tank for the school building was applied as inflow to the system. The influent concentration of DO was zero but effluent was up to 4.37mg/ℓ, which implies that oxygen was supplied enough from atmosphere by reaeration to support biological activity of the system. Average influent concentration of BOD was 104mg/ℓ and effluent was 24mg/ℓ with average removal rate of 76%. Average influent concentration of COD was 215mg/ℓ and effluent was 63mg/ℓ with average removal rate of 70%. Average influent concentration of SS was 78mg/ℓ and effluent was 10mg/ℓ with average removal rate of 87%. Two components, BOD and SS, are regulated by law to keep maximum water quality standard of 80mg/ℓ when daily outflow rate is less than 100m³/day which is the case of most rural communities. Therefore, the results from the experiment showed that constructed wetland system can meet the water quality standard easily. Average influent concentration of total nitrogen was 165mg/ℓ which is relatively higher than normal wastewater, and effluent was about 156mg/ℓ with average removal rate of only 5%. Average influent concentration of total phosphorus was 41mg/ℓ and effluent was 6mg/ℓ with average removal rate of 87%. Overall, constructed wetland system was thought to be effective to treat wastewater if nitrogen removal mechanism is improved. Considering low cost, less maintenance, and high treatability, this system can be a practical alternative for the wastewater treatment in rural area. The Experiment was performed during the summer and fall season, and treat ment efficiency of the system is expected to decrease in low temperature. Therefore, further study including temperature is required to evaluate feasibility of the system more in detail.

강물의 수질오염 modeling에 사용되는 재폭기(再曝氣)계수공식 개발을 위한 적정규모의 표본의 크기

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),( Charles S. Melching ) 한국농공학회 1996 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.38 No.4

동일한 하천의 용전산소량(DO)을 예측하는 경우에도 사용하는 再曝氣 계수(K₂)는 계산하는 공식에 따라 커다란 차이를 나타매며, 부적합한 공식의 사용에 의한 K₂의 계산은 하천의 수질관리 정책결정에 지장을 초래하므로 현장사정에 적합한 공식의 개발이 필요하다. 이러한 공식의 개발은 많은 현장측정 자료를 사용하도록 신뢰성이 높으나 현장측정은 소요되는 비용에 제약을 받기 때문에 신뢰성과 경제성을 동시에 고려한 표본의 크기의 적정규모를 산정하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 Monte Carlo 방법에 의해 통계적으로 수출된 K₂를 사용해서, 주어진 자료에 의해 개발된 공식을 사용할 때 야기되는 오차가 K₂ 개수의 증가에 따라 얼마나 감소하는지를 널리 사용되는 공식 중에 Owen공식과 Churchill공식을 New Jersey에 있는 Passaic River에 적용시켜 검토하였다. 표본의 크기가 10에서 20으로 증가할 때 오차가 크게 감소하였으며 20을 넘어 증가시켰을 때에는 오차의 감소폭이 미미하였다. 오차의 감호형태와 단위측정당 소요되는 비용을 고려할 때 약 20정도의 표본의 크기가 적정수준의 규모에 판단된다. 이러한 적용사례의 결과는 회귀모델의 이론적 계산결과에 의한 오차 감소와 흡사하여 본 연구결과는 여러 가지 K₂ 공식과 광범위한 하천의 조건에 적용이 가능할 것이며, 본 연구에서 사용한 적정표본의 크기 산정방법은 회귀분석에 의해 실험식을 개발하는 다른 분야에도 적용이 가능하다.

침출수로 오염된 불포화사질토의 전기비저항 변화에 대한 연구

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),유찬 ( Yoo Chan ) 한국농공학회 1998 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.40 No.2

Measurement of electrical resistivity in soils has been used for many years with purpose of estimating in situ porosity or density. Recently electrical resistivity has also been used as an indicator of soil contaimination. This paper presents the result of laboratory experiment to investigate the resistivity variation in contaminated sandy soils. The results can be used with the Cone Penetrometer Test (CPT) result to analyse ground condition. In the experiment, the water content and leachate concentration of soils were controlled by groundwater and leachate, and then the resistivity measurement was made with 'STING-R1' by Advanced Geosciences Inc. In the case of using groundwater, the resistivity was in the range of over 1000·Ωm, but in the case of using polluted water by leachate, the resistivity decreased significantly down to 10~100·Ωm for the same moisture content. Also the resistivity varied according to the degree of saturatrion. Therefore, if soil is contaminated by leachate, the CPT with electrical resistivity sensor might be used to investigate the contamination status and plume migration. But exact component of leachate and the pollutant concentration are still hard to identify.

BASINS/WinHSPF를 이용한 남한강 상류 유역의 비점오염원 저감효율평가

윤춘경 ( Chun Gyeong Yoon ),신아현 ( Ah Hyun Shin ),정광욱 ( Kwang Wook Jung ),장재호 ( Jae Ho Jang ) 한국물환경학회 2007 한국물환경학회지 Vol.23 No.6

소양강댐 유역의 오염부하량 산정을 위한 BASINS/WinHSPE 적용

윤춘경 ( Chun Gyeong Yoon ),한정윤 ( Jung Yoon Han ),정광욱 ( Kwang Wook Jung ),장재호 ( Jae Ho Jang ) 한국하천호수학회 2007 생태와 환경 Vol.40 No.2

물옥잠을 이용한 수중처리방법에 의한 농공단지 폐수처리에 관한 연구

윤춘경 ( Yoon Chun Gyeong ),김형중 ( Kim Hyung Joong ),류재현 ( Ryu Jae Hyeon ),여운식 ( Yo Woon Shik ) 한국농공학회 1997 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.39 No.3

Floating aquatic plant system using water hyacinth was applied to examine feasibility as a wastewater treatment system for the industrial complex in rural area. The wastewater from the industrial complex does not likely contain toxic pollutants because the industries which generate wastewater with toxic compounds are not allowed to move in. Pilot plant was installed at Baeksuk Nongkong Danzi in Chunahn-City, Chunchungnam-Do, and field study was performed during summer and fall of 1996. Hydraulic loading rate was 0.19m³/m² ·day. The effluent concentration of DO was higher than influent, and it implies that 0.6m depth reactor was reaerated enough to increase DO level. The influent concentration of BOD varied significantly from less than 30 to 120mg/ ℓ during the study period, however, effluent concentrations were generally lower than the water quality standard and removal efficiency was up to 85 %. The influent concentration of COD also showed wide variation from less than 40 to 160mg/ ℓ, and effluent concentration was higher than water quality standard when influent concentration was over 100mg/ ℓ. The influent concentrations of T -Nand T - P were lower than water quality standard and no further treatment was required, and these compounds were also removed in the system. Although some improvement and refinement are still required, overall, the floating aquatic plant system was proved to be feasible to apply to treat wastewater from industrial complex in rural area.

농업용저수지 유역의 토지 이용과 수질항목 간의 상관관계 분석

윤춘경 ( Chun Gyeong Yoon ),이새봄 ( Sae Bom Lee ),정광욱 ( Kwang Wook Jung ),한정윤 ( Jung Yoon Han ) 한국하천호수학회 2007 생태와 환경 Vol.40 No.1

연못을 이용한 동절기 인공습지 오수처리수의 추가 처리

윤춘경,전지홍,김민희,함종화,Yoon, Chun-Gyeong,Jeon, Ji-Hong,Kim, Min-Hee,Ham, Jong-Hwa 한국농공학회 2002 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.44 No.4

Pilot study was performed to examine the feasibility of the pond system for further polishing of treatment wetland effluent from December 2000 to June 2001. The wetland system used for the experiment was highly effective to treat the sewage during the growing season, but it was less effective and its effluent was still high to discharge to the receiving water body. Therefore, the wetland effluent may need further treatment to prevent water quality degradation. Pond system could be used to hold and further polish the wetland effluent during the winter season and ots feasibility was evaluated in this study. Additional water quality improvement was apparent in the pond system during winter season, and the pond effluent could be good enough to meet the effluent water quality standards if it is properly managed. Timing of the pond effluent discharge appears to be critical for pond system management because it is a closed system and whole water quality constituents are affected by physical, chemical, and biological pond environments. Once algae started to grow in mid-April, constituents in the pond water column interact each other actively and its control becomes more complicated. Therefore, upper layer of the pond water column which is clearer than the lower layer my need be discharged in March right after ice cover melted. In the experiment, water quality of the upper water column was markedly clear in March than ant other times probably because of freezing-thawing effect. The remaining lower water column could be further treated by natural purification as temperature goes up or diluted with better quality of wetland effluent for appropriate water uses. This study demonstrated the feasibility of pond system for subsequent management of wetland effluent during the winter season, however, more study is needed for field application.