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Algal bioassay 에 의한 조류생장 제한영양염류 결정
오희목(Hee Mock Oh),이석준(Seog June Lee),김성빈(Seong Bin Kim),박미경(Mi Kyung Park),윤병대(Byung Dae Yoon),김도한(Do Han Kim) 한국하천호수학회 1998 생태와 환경 Vol.31 No.2
Determination of Limiting Nutrient for Algal Growth by Algal Bioassay. Oh, Hee-Mock, Seog June Lee, Seong-Bin Kim, Mi- Kyung Park, Byung-Dae Yoon and Do-Han Kim (Environmental Microbiology Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Taejon 305-333, Korea and Water Resources Research Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation, Taejon 305-390, Korea) Water quaiity and algal growth potential (AGP) using Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated from April to September 1997 in Daechung Reservoir. Secchi disk transparency was 1.1 m in August. Chlorophyll-a concentrations were higher than 10㎍/l at all samples. Total phosphorus concentration was in a range of 0.020∼0.027mg/l which is at the approximate value of 0.03 mg/l, the general critical level of eutrophication. These results indicate that Daechung Reservoir is in an eutrophic state except some temporary times and restricted sites. Phosphorus uptake rate of M. aeruginosa was higher in the water from the epilimnion than in the hypolimnion and also higher under light condition than under dark condition. Therefore, phosphorus uptake rate appears to depend on cellular phosphorous content and light condition, a meaning of endergonic process. Phosphorus was the most frequently limiting nutrient: phosphorus was limiting algal gowth in April and May, nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements were the limiting factors for algae in August, and trace elements in September. If a fast growing alga, M, aeruginosa, is used as a test organism for assaying AGP, in vivo fluorescence instead of dry weight can be measured for algal biomass and incubation period can be reduced from traditional 14 days to 7 days.
대청호 수화발생시 수중 인농도와 cyanobacteria 의 다중인산염 분포 관계
오희목,박준홍,윤무환,맹주선 ( Hee Mock Oh,Joon Hong Park,Mu Whan Yun,Jueson Maeng ) 한국하천호수학회 1997 생태와 환경 Vol.30 No.2
During the bloom of cyanobacteria at Hoenam Bridge site in Daechung Reservoir in late summer, water qualities, biomass and phosphorous composition of phytoplankton by a P-fractionation method were analyzed. Cellular total phosphorus (particulated phosphate) content was highest at the surface at 14:00, whereas it was highest at a depth of 4m at 2:00. The increasing tendency in soluble reactive phosphorus with depth was opposite to cellular total phosphorus. Over 95% of examined phytoplankton was composed of cyanobacteria of which the dominant species Microcystis sp. was over 95% on the basis of cell number. Although each component of phosphorus in phytoplankton was differently distributed with examined time and depths, ortho-P concentration per biomass was always maintained higher. Therefore, it seems that the main form of phosphorous component in Microcystis sp. is ortho-p. It is postulated that Microcystis sp. absorbs the phosphate at a depth of 1m or 4m where soluble reactive phosphorus is more abundant compared with the surface and accumulates it in the form of ortho-P which is then transformed into nucleotide-P.
오희목,김도한 ( Hee Mock Oh,Do Han Kim ) 한국하천호수학회 1995 생태와 환경 Vol.28 No.2
During the period of algal bloom in Daechung Reservoir, intensive monitoring for the water chemistry and meteorological data was carried out and analyzed for the prediction of blue-green algal bloom. Chl. -a content was affected by the time of precipitation which might bring a lot of phosphorus from the catchment area. The bloom of blue-green algae appeared at about 4.3 days after a heavy rain at Taejon site, and 5.5 and 5.0 days at Cheongiu and Dam site, respectively. A bloom index which indicated the degree of algal bloom had a high correlation with chl.-a content(P<0.01). When the bloom index was above 4, the occurrence of odor was above 72%. At Taejon site the occurrence of bloom index 4 and over was 17 days which was equal to 29%. Consequently, it is suggested that the prediction of blue-green algal bloom and proper correspondence could play an important role in the management of eutrophic lakes and reservoirs. Also, the regulation of the pollution source is the necessary as an essential and long-term strategy for the restoration of Daechung Reservoir.
Biodegradation of Benzne,Toluene, and Phenol by a Mixed Culture in Semicontinuous Culture
오희목,김성빈,이창호,서현효,이문호,고영희,윤병대,Oh, Hee-Mock,Kim, Seong-Bin,Lee, Chang-Ho,Suh, Hyun-Hyo,Lee, Moon-Ho,Kho, Yung-Hee,Yoon, Byung-Dae 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1994 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.22 No.4
The biodegradation of aromatic compounds by a mixed culture GE1 was investigated in an artificial wastewater containing 250 mg/l of benzene, toluene, and phenol in semicontinuous culture. In the control group (no strains) with an aeration rate of 75 ml/l/min, 37% of phenol and 83% of benzene were volatilized during early 24 hrs and toluene was disappeared from the medium within 12 hrs. The biodegradation of benzene and toluene was effective in SB (strains + biofilm) treatment, while phenol was degraded more quickly in SG (strains + glucose) treatment including glucose as an additional carbon source. aromatic compounds added at a concentration of 250 mg/l were completely removed by SG treatment after 16 hrs or 32 hrs, respectively. The removal rate of COD was high as much as 80 mg/l/h in SG treatment during early period, but COD revealed a stable value of 116~140 mg/l after 12 hrs caused by increased biomass. Therefore, it is concluded that the mixed GE1 could be used for the wastewater treatment including aromatic compounds such as benzene, toluene, and phenol.
洛東江 하류 수계의 毒性 Microcystis 生態 연구
최애란,오희목,이진애,Choi, Ae-Ran,Oh, Hee-Mock,Lee, Jin-Ae 한국조류학회(藻類) 2002 ALGAE Vol.17 No.3
The standing crop of genus Microcystis, microcystin concentrations and environmental factors were monitored at stations of the lower reaches of the Nakdong River in 1998 and 1999 during the periods of its occurrence. The Microcystis were observed from May to Octorber, and the cell density was highest at Station Seonam up to 250,000 cells${\cdot}ml^{-1}$ forming scum over the water surface. There were signigicant relationships between the standing crop of Microcystis and nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus concentrations and Ph. Presumably these parameters were important in the succession to Microcystis dominated phytoplankton community in the summer period in the river. However, Ammonium nitrogen, phosphate phosphorus concentrations and N/P ratio were not critical factors. The Microcystis bloom was notable above $25^{\circ}C$ of surface water temperature. Microcystins were detected from May to November in the algal materials from the river. The 84.2% of algal materials with Microcystis exhibited the microcystin with the maximum of 1711.8 ${\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dw. The microcystin concentrations in the algal materials were significantly related to the stading crop of Microcystis, which was the primary determinant factor in the toxin levle of algal materials. The concentrations were also significantly related to pH of the water column in the positive pattern.
오광철,오희목,이진환,맹주선 ( Kwang Cheol Oh,Hee Mock Oh,Jin Hwan Lee,Jue Son Maeng ) 한국하천호수학회 1995 생태와 환경 Vol.28 No.4
Water quality, species and cellular composition of phytoplankton with depth were investigated at two sites in Daechung Reservoir to evaluate possible causes of dominance and vertical migration of blue-green algae. In the summer of 1993, thermal stratification was very weak as a result of lower water temperature than an ordinary year. Dissolved reactive phosphorus was gradually increased with depth, but there was no significant difference among the data examined with an interval of 4 hrs. Daechung Reservoir was an eutrophic lake in which the cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. was dominant(over 95% of total phytoplankton on the basis of number). The diurnal pattern of chlorophyll a concentration in the water column was very similar to that of Microcystis sp. at Site 2. Cell carbohydrate, presumably functioning as ballast, of Microcystis sp. in the epilimnion was expressed on the basis of protein content and revealed a maximum value of 1.52 at 10 a.m. and a minimum value of 0.32 at 2 a.m. Consequently, it is likely that Microcystis sp. in the surface water to a depth of 1 m increases up to 60∼70% of total population at 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., and migrates vertically to the deeper to a depth of 4 m after 2 p.m. due to the accumulation of carbohydrates, and returns to the surface water after 6 a. m.
cpcBA-Intergenic Spacer Region을 이용한 Cyanobacteria의 다양성 분석
최강국,박용하,안치용,배명숙,오희목,Choi Gang-Guk,Park Yong-Ha,Ahn Chi-Yong,Bae Myoung-Sook,Oh Hee-Mock 한국미생물학회 2005 미생물학회지 Vol.41 No.4
The cyanobacterial diversity was analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of PCR-amplified rpcBA-Intergenic Spacer (IGS) genes and cpcBA-IGS gene sequencing with a sample collected at Chuso-ri in Daechung Reservoir on March 15, 2005, The Shannon-Weiner diversity index was 0.65, indicating that the cyanobacterial community structure was simple. PCR-RFLP profiles obtained were Phormidium spp. (58 clones), Anabaena spp. (14 clones), Microcystis spp. (4 clones), Spirulina sp. (1 clone) and uncultured cyanobacteria (2 clones). The PCR-RFLP of cpcBA-IGS revealed that Phormidium spp. and Anabaena spp. dominated in the invested sample. As a consequence, it seems that the analysis of functional genes such as cpcBA-IGS can be used for the species identification and community analysis of cyanobacteria. 대청호에서 수화 발생이 빈번한 추소리 수역에서 2005년 3월 15일에 채취한 시료를 대상으로 유전자 분식에 의한 cyanobacteria의 다양성을 조사하였다. rpcBA-Intergenic Spacer (IGS)는 cyanobacteria에 특징적 색소인 phycocyanin을 합성하는 유전자와 유전자 사이의 부분으로, 환경시료에서 cyanobacteria의 다양성을 조사하기에 매우 유용한 기능 유전자이다. cpcBA-IGS를 이용하여 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RELP)으로 cyanobacteria의 다양성을 분석한 결과 Phomidium 속은 58 clones, Anabaena 속은 14 clones, Microcyxtis 속은 4 clones, Spirulina 속은 1 clone 그리고 uncultured cyanobacteria 2 clones가 존재하였다. 전반적으로 Phormidium 속이 우점하였으며, 여름철에 수화를 일으키는 Anabaena 속과 Microcystis 속도 많이 분포하였다. 따라서 cyanobacteria는 cpcBA-IGS와 같은 기능 유전자에 의한 종 동정 및 군집분석이 가능함을 보였다.