한우태자 뒷발꿈치골에서 연골관에 관한 조직학적 연구

안동춘,이종오,김인식,이영훈,박영석,양홍현,백영기,Ahn, Dong-choon,Lee, Chong-oh,Kim, In-shik,Lee, Young-hoon,Park, Young-seok,Yang, Hong-hyun,Paik, Young-ki 대한수의학회 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

The development and change of the cartilage canals ralated to chondrocyte growth and the major histological pattern were investigated in the calcaneus of the Korean native cattle fetuses from CRL 28mm to 175mm. The results as follows; 1. The cartilage canal first appeared in the caudal subperichondral region of the sustentaculum tali of the CRL 28mm fetus, and well developed after the period. 2. The three major cartilage canals, one entered from the head of calcaneous into where achilles tendon insert and the others from the caudal region of sustentaculum tali and the calcaneal sulcus, growth distinctively. The latters participated in the ossification center prior to the former. 3. The number of cells in this canals and the size increased synchronously with chondrocytic hypertrophy. In the intermediate and deep canals, the chondrogenic change showed distinctinvely. Our results demonstrated that the cartilage canals from the lower part were important the formation of the ossification center, and the growth and development of canals associated with the hypertropic changes of chondrocytes in the calcaneus of the Korean native cattle fetus.

자돈 축추골 몸통의 골화에 관한 조직학적 연구

안동춘,김인식,양홍현,백영기,Ahn, Dong-choon,Kim, In-shik,Yang, Hong-hyun,Paik, Young-ki 대한수의학회 1995 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.35 No.1

The histological and histochemical study of the axis body of piglet was performed in order to clarify the ossification process. These experimental animals collected from after birth to 52 days were used for this study. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The epiphysis, the intercentrum 2 and the centrum of proatlas were appeared in the axis body and dens of piglet after birth. 2. In 39 days of age piglet, the ossification of the intercentrum 2 was first observed but the epiphysis was already initiated. The centrum of proatlas was observed cranioventral part of the dens of the 52 days piglet axis. 3. The notochordal remnants revealed distinctively in the part between the centrum 1 and the centrum2, in the apical cartilaginous tissue of dens and in the caudal cartilaginous part of body of axis. 4. Intramembranous ossification occurred in the adjacent area of perichondrium of centrum 2. These ossified trabeculae show the woven bone configuration.

흰쥐 왼쪽관상동맥의 분지 양상에 관한 해부학적 연구

안동춘,김인식,Ahn, Dong-Choon,Kim, In-Shik 대한수의학회 2007 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.47 No.1

The left main descending artery (LMDA) of left coronary artery (LCA) in rats runs around the left side of conus arteriosus after arising from the aortic sinus and descends to the apex of heart with branching several branches into the wall of left ventricle (LV). The ligation site of LMDA for myocardial infarction (MI) is the 2~4 mm from LCA origin, between the pulmonary trunk and left auricle. The characteristics that rat heart has no interventricular groove on the surface and its coronary arteries run intramyocardially with branching several branches give the difficulty in surgery for MI which resulted in expected size. This study was aimed to elucidate the branching patterns of the left coronary artery for analysis of MI size and for giving the basic data to producing small MI intentionally in 2 male species that are widely used, Sprague-Dowley (SD) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), in the world. Red latex casting was followed by the microdissection in 27 and 28 hearts of SD and WKY male rats, respectively. The branching patterns of LMDA were classified into 3 major types and others based on the left ventricular branches (L). The Type I, Type II, Type III and others are shown in 55.6%, 22.2%, 14.8%, and 7.4% in SD, 60.7%, 10.7%, 7.1%, and 21.5% in WKY, respectively. The branching number of the first left ventricular branch (L1) that are distribute the upper one third of LV was 1.2~1.5, and its branching sites were ranging 0.9~2.1 ᒠfrom LCA origin. L2, the second left ventricular branch distributing middle one third of LV, was the number of 1.2~1.4 and branching out ranging 5.1~5.7 mm. L3, the third left ventricular branch of LMDA distributing lower one third of LV, was the number of 1~1.5 and branching out ranging 7.0~9.3 mm from LCA origin. The common branch of L1 and L2 was branched from LMDA with the number of 1.1, and its site was located in the distance of mean of 1.5 mm and 2.8 mm in SD and WKY, respectively. The common branch of L2 and L3 was branched from LMDA with the number of 1, and its site was located in the distance of mean of 7.2 mm and 2.9 mm in SD and WKY, respectively. The right ventricular branches (R) of LMDA were short and branched in irregularly compared with L. The number of 1~4 of R were branched from LMDA. With regarding to the distribution area of L and the ligation site for MI, moderate MI (25~35% of LV) might be resulted in 70.4% and 60.7% in SD and WKY rats. Small MI might be produced intentionally if the ligation would be located at the 4~6 mm from LCA origin in the left side of LMDA. These data wold be helpful to expect the size of MI and to reproduce of small MI, intentionally, in rat hearts.

흰쥐에서 한쪽 고환 거세 후 고환간질세포의 형태계측학적 연구

안동춘(Dong-Choon Ahn),태현진(Hyun-Jin Tae),나성진(Sung-Jin Na),이석원(Seok-Won Lee),이영덕(Young-Deok Lee),강형섭(Hyung-Sub Kang),박상열(Sang-Youel Park),이기창(Ki-Chang Lee),양홍현(Hong-Hyun Yang),김인식(In-Shik Kim) 대한체질인류학회 2008 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.21 No.4

수컷 흰쥐에서 각기 다른 일령에 한쪽 고환을 제거하고 일정한 시간경과 후 남아 있는 고환 간질세포의 형태계측학적인 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 출생 후 20, 30, 40, 50 및 60일령 (n=18마리/일령)의 흰쥐 한쪽 고환을 거세한 후 100일령에 희생시켜 실험에 이용하였다. 흰쥐를 전신관류고정하고 고환을 적출 한 후 조직 처리과정을 거쳐 초박절편한 다음 methylene-blue 염색을 하여 일반적인 조직학적인 변화를 관찰하고 형태계측을 시행하였다. 황체형성호르몬 자극에 대한 고환내 테스토스테론 생성과 혈청내 테스토스테론 농도는 방사면역측정법을 이용하여 측정하였다. 실험군과 대조군의 몸무게는 차이가 없었지만 대조군이 실험군보다 그 값이 높았으며 고환 무게도 유의성 있는 차이는 없었으나 30, 40 및 60일령에 거세한 실험군에서 대조군에 비해 약간 높았다. 곱슬정세관, 간질조직 및 간질세포의 용적치밀도는 영향이 없었으나 절대용적은 20, 30 및 40일령에 거세한 실험군에서 유의성 있게 증가 하였다(p<0.05). 고환조직 당 간질세포의 총 숫자는 60일령을 제외한 전 실험군에서 유의성 있게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 간질세포의 평균용적, 혈청내 테스토스테론농도 및 황체형성호르몬자극에 대한 고환내 테스토스테론 분비는 30일과 40일령에 거세한 실험군에서 대조군에 비하여 유의성 있게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 이상을 종합하면 흰쥐에서 30일령과 40일령에 한쪽 고환을 거세하면 성 성숙후에 남아 있는 고환의 보상작용으로 간질세포의 크기와 분비가 증가함을 확인하였고 흰쥐에서 성 성숙이 이루어지는 즈음에 거세를 하면 간질세포의 보상작용이 이루어지는 것을 알 수 있었다. The present study was conducted to investigate the influence of hemicastration and age at hemicastraion on the subsequent Leydig cell morphology and function of male rats. Sprague Dawley rats were left intact or hemicastrated at 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 days of age (n=18 rats per group). At 100 days of age, all rats were sacrificed. Testes were fixed by whole body perfusion using a fixative containing 2.5% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer, processed and embedded in Epon-araldite. Using 1 ㎛ sections stained with methylene blue, qualitative and quantitative morphological studies were performed. Testis incubations were used to determine lutenizing hormone (LH; 100ng/㎖) stimulated testosterone secretory capacity per testis in vitro. Testosterone levels in the incubation medium, and testosterone and LH levels in serum of these six groups of rats were determined by radioimmunoassay. Body and testis weights were not changed by hemicastration between experimental and control groups. Volume density of seminiferous tubules, interstitium, and Leydig cells was not significantly affected by hemicastration. Absolute volume of seminiferous and interstitium was significantly increased in unilaterally castrated rats at 20, 30 and 40 days of age compared to control. Significant increases in the total number of Leydig cells per testis occurred in rats hemicastrated at 20, 30, 40 and 50 days of age compared to control. A significant increase in average volume of a Leydig cell was noted in the hemicastrated rats at 30 and 40 days compared to intact rats of the same age but was significantly decreased at 60 days of age. Serum testosterone levels and LH-stimulated testosterone production per testis were significantly (P<0.05) increased in the hemicastrated rats at 30 and 40 days. In summary, when rats were unilaterally castrated at 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days of age, those rats hemicastrated at 30 and 40 days showed compensatory hypertrophy/hypersecretion of Leydig cells when killed at 100 days of age. Especially, these data suggested that compensatory hypertrophy/hypersecretion of Leydig cells in rats hemicastrated around the time of puberty occurs in the remaining testis.

임신 중 고열이 Hsp70 KO 생쥐의 초기 치아발생에서 FGF-8과 BMP-4의 발현에 미치는 영향

안동춘(Dong-Choon Ahn),김종룡(Jong-Ryong Kim),김원규(Won-Kyu Kim) 대한체질인류학회 2008 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.21 No.3

치아의 초기발생과정에는 여러 신호전달물질이 치아판에서 발현되어 치아 중간엽을 유도한다. 이러한 여러 물질 중 FGF-8은 초기 치아상피에서 발현하며 BMP-4는 치아상피의 유도에 의해 치아 중간엽에서 발현되어 치아의 형태발생을 조절한다. 한편, 임신 중 고열은 조직 및 기관의 정상발생을 방해하여, 심한 경우 선천성기형을 유발하는 요인의 하나로 인정받고 있다. 임신 중 고열에 노출되는 경우 보호 기전으로서 열충격단백질이 분비되며, 이 중 Hsp 70이 중추적인 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 유전자 변형기법을 이용하여 제작된 Hsp70 KO생쥐를 실험동물로 사용하여 치아 초기발생과정에 중요한 역할을 수행하는 FGF-8와 BMP-4의 발현양상을 면역조직화학법으로 연구하고자 하였다. 실험군은 고열에 노출된 Hsp70 KO 생쥐 태아를, 대조군으로 고열에 노출되지 않은 Hsp70 KO 생쥐 태아를 사용하였다. 실험군은 임신 제8일에 43℃ 수조에서 5분간 열충격을 주었고, 대조군에는 아무런 조작도 가하지 않았다. 임신 제13, 15, 17일에 자궁 속의 태아를 적출한 후 머리를 절취하였다. 머리에서 아래턱을 절취하여 통상적인 조직 제작법에 따라 파라핀에 포매한 후 조직표본을 제작하여 FGF-8 및 BMP-4 변역조직화학염색을 시행하고 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 임신 시기에 따른 치아의 발생은 실험군이 대조군보다 지연되어 있었다. 치아의 FGF-8은 대조문의 경우 발생이 진행됨에 따라 치아상피에서 발현이 감소되었지만 실험군에서는 지속적으로 발현하였다. BMP-4는 대조군에서는 상아질모세포로 분화할 치아속질 중간엽세포에서 양성반응이 나타났지만 실험군의 중간엽세포는 반응을 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과에서 임신 중 고열은 치아판 성장을 억제하고, 치아상피에서 FGF-8의 발현을 지연시키며, 치아속질 내 중간엽세포에서 BMP-4 발현을 저해하여 치아의 정상적인 발생 중 나타나는 상피-중간엽 상호작용을 방해하는 것으로 생각된다. During early tooth development, multiple signaling molecules are expressed in the dental lamina and induce the dental mesenchyme. One signal, FGF-8, is expressed in the early dental epithelium, another one, BMP-4, has been shown to induce morphologic changes in dental mesenchyme. Meanwhile, hyperthermic exposure during pregnancy, as one of teratogens, is known to disturbe normal development and induce several congenital anomalies. This study is aimed to investigate the effects of maternal hyperthermia on the expressions of FGF-8 and BMP-4 in early odontogenesis. The pregnant Hsp70 knock-out at gestational day 8 were immersed in 43℃ water bath until their body core temperature reached at 43°C. Thereafter, pregnant mice were given more 5 minutes hyperthermic exposure. Heat-untreated Hsp70 KO mice fetuses were used as the control group. Fetuses were collected at embryonic day (ED) 13, 15 and 17. Developing tooth in the mandible was processed for immunohistochemical study. Tissue sections were immunostained for FGF-8 and BMP-4 and observed with light microscope. The obtained results were as follows: Tooth development in the heat shocked (HS) group is delayed rather than the control group in the given developmental period. FGF-8 immunolocalization in control group at ED 13 was gradually decreased compared to the HS group which showed continuously positive immunoreaction. BMP-4 immunolocalization was detected in dental mesenchyme, however, there was no positive immunoreaction found in HS group. These results suggest that maternal hyperthermia should induce the early odontogenesis, delay the expression of FGF-8 in dental epithelium, and disturbe the expression of BMP-4 in dental mesenchyme. Consequently, hyperthermic exposure during pregnancy affects epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.

반복적인 피하주사시 유창포를 이용한 흰쥐 보정법

안동춘(Dong-Choon Ahn),권명상(Myung-Sang Kwon),이민재(Min-Jae Lee),백두진(Doo-Jin Paik) 한국실험동물학회 2001 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.17 No.2

흰쥐 성숙에 따라 허혈-재관류 후 대퇴곧은근에서 나타나는 Superoxide Dismutase 유전자 발현과 Apoptosis에 관한 연구

안동춘(Dong-Choon Ahn),김종택(Jong-Taek Kim),황규성(Kyu-Sung Hwang),백두진(Doo-Jin Paik) 한국실험동물학회 2001 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.17 No.4

건조효모분말-G의 랫드에 대한 10개월 반복경구독성시험연구

안동춘(Dong-Choon Ahn),최연식(Yeon-Shik Choi),박대훈(Dae-Hoon Park),박수연(Soo-Yeon Park),한충택(Zhong-Zhe Han),송인수(In-Soo Song),김은진(Eun-Jin Kim),이명석(Myung-Seok Lee),권명상(Myung-Sang Kwon) 한국실험동물학회 2001 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.17 No.1

피부손상후 표피치유에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

김상희,안동춘,김원규,정호삼,Kim, Sang-Hee,Ahn, Dong-Choon,Kim, Won-Kyu,Chung, Ho-Sam 한국현미경학회 1998 Applied microscopy Vol.28 No.3

The author has undertaken this study for demonstrating the relationship between keratinization and proliferation as well as remodeling of epidermis. Healthy ICR strain male mice, weighing about $20\sim25gm$, were used as experimental animals. Under the general anesthesia with ether the skins of experimental animals were subjected to a dorsal, transverse, full-thickness incision with 0.5cm in length, and removed them on 3rd day, 7th day and 2nd week after operation Specimens were prepared for electron microscopic study. The results obtained were as follows: The epidermis of 3rd day group is made up of $7\sim8$ keratinocytes. The new epidermal cells are grown beneath the necrotic tissue. Keratohyaline granules (KHGs) are visible in some granular cells. Various sited-KHGs are seen in granular layer cell, and in spinous cell ribosomes, tonofilaments and lamellar granules are seen. The epidermis of 7th day group is made up of $7\sim8$ keratinocytes. Numerous KHGs are seen in granular layer cells. KHGs are located in granular layer cells as well as spinous layer cells. The epidermis of End week group is composed of one-layered basal cell and $1\sim2$ layered superficial cells. Various sized-KHGs are observed in granular layer cells. The results of the present study suggest that as the epidermis should be keratinized during proliferation and remodeling process, so keratinization of the epidermis would play a major role of wound healing process.

한우태자의 축추골 몸통과 첫째 척추사이 원반의 발달

이혜란,안동춘,김인식,양홍현,백영기,Lee, Hye-ran,Ahn, Dong-choon,Kim, In-shik,Yang, Hong-hyun,Paik, Young-ki 대한수의학회 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.1

The histological and histochemical study of the body of axis and 1st intervertebral disc in the Korean native cattle fetus was attempted to early developmental process. The experimental animals used in this study were collected from fetus of the Korean native cattle ranging from 50mm to 180mm in Crown-Rump length(CR-length). The results were summerized as follows: 1. The ossification centers appeared centrum 1 and centrum 2 of the axis in 110mm CR-length fetus of the Korean native cattle. The centrum 2 was formed little earlier than the centrum 1. 2. The histochemical reactions for collagenous fibers in the axis revealed negative in 50mm CR-length, mild positive in 90mm CR-length, and strong positive in 110mm CR-length, respectively. 3. Dense collagenous fibers were observed in the notochord through the centrum 2, and intervertebral disc developed into cuneiform dorsoventrally, It's contour looks like an annual ring. These fiber bundle arranged lamellar formation. 4. The intervertabral disc of 50mm CR-length fetus was composed mainly mesenchymal cells, and these cell showed aggregation in the central portion. The intervertebral disc of 110mm CR-length fetus was consisted of pricipally fibroblast, and notochordal sheath formed with two layers in the center.