컴퓨터 영상을 이용한 임플란트 식립부위의 골밀도와 조직학적 연구

손장호,최병환,박수원,조영철,성일용,이지호,변기정,Son, Jang-Ho,Choi, Byung-Hwan,Park, Soo-Won,Cho, Yeong-Cheol,Sung, Iel-Yong,Lee, Ji-Ho,Byun, Ki-Jung 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2009 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.31 No.2

Bone density in the recipient implant site seems to be an important factor for long term success of endosseous implants. Preoperative evaluation of bone density is very helpful to assist the clinician with the treatment planning of implant therapy. Accurate information on bone density will help the surgeon identify suitable implant sites, thereby improving the success rate of the procedure. Purpose; The aim of this study was to evaluate a correlation between bone density measured preoperatively with computerized tomography and histologically measured bone density by bone biopsy. Patients and methods; Twenty seven patients were selected. All the patients were in good health, with no systemic disorder and additional bone graft. Preoperatively the patients underwent CT scanning to evaluate Houmsfield Unit(HU). Each patients wore a surgical template for implant placement. During surgery 2mm in diameter and 6mm in length specimens were taken. Histomorphometric analysis was performed using digitalized image analysis software Axiovision 4.3. Also, the Resonance frequency analysis(RFA) and insertion torque values were recorded. Results; The highest histomorphometric values was found in the posterior mandible $32.3{\pm}3.8$, followed by $29.9{\pm}2.6$ for the posterior maxilla, $29.4{\pm}2.6$ for the anterior maxilla, $28.6{\pm}2.3$ for the anterior mandible(p=0.214). The hounsfield unit was $989.2{\pm}258.1$ in the posterior mandible, $845.0{\pm}241.5$ in the anterior maxilla, $744.5{\pm}92.6$ in the anterior mandible, $697.3{\pm}136.9$ in the posterior maxilla(p=0.045). This results may suggest that there are strong correlation between the histomorphometric values and hounsfield unit(r=0.760, p<0.05). The RF measurements were $81.9{\pm}2.4$ ISQ in the posterior mandible, $79.0{\pm}1.4$ ISQ in the anterior mandible, $78.3{\pm}4.6$ ISQ in the posterior maxilla, $76.5{\pm}5.0$ ISQ in the anterior maxilla(p=0.048). The insertion torque values was $43.2{\pm}4.2\;Ncm$ in the posterior mandible, $42.0{\pm}0.0\;Ncm$ in the anterior mandible, $41.3{\pm}4.1\;Ncm$ in the posterior maxilla, $40.8{\pm}3.8\;Ncm$ in the anterior maxilla(p=0.612). This results may suggest that there are statistical significance between the hounsfield unit and the insertion torque values(r=0.494, p<0.05), the histomorphometric values and the insertion torque values(r=0.689, p<0.05). But there was no correlation between histomorphometric values and ISQ. There was no statistical significance in age and gender effect on parameters. Conclusions; There was significant correlations between bone density and implant stability parameters. The bone density measurements using preoperative CT may help clinicians to predict primary stability before implant insertion, which is associated with implant survival rates.

A Study on the Back Flow of Urine into the Ceca in Chicken

손장호,Son, Jang-Ho The Korean Society of Poultry Science 2003 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

닭에서 맹장으로 尿의 역류량을 측정하기 위해서 사료급여 및 절식의 조건에서 Cecostomy(맹장으로 튜브를 삽입하는 수술) 기술이 개발되었다. 시술 이틀 뒤부터 맹장에 튜브가 장착된 닭은 20ml의 따뜻한 생리적 식염수를 이용하여 격일 간격으로 10일동안 수술부위를 환류시켰다. 맹장에 장착된 튜브와 총배설강에 외과적으로 시술된 플라스틱 채집병을 이용하여서 배설물이 매일 모아졌다. 요산 배설량은 사료 채식시가 절식시 보다 유의하게 증가하였다.(P<0.05) 맹장을 통해서 검출된 요산의 양은 사료급여시와 절식시에 각각 총 요산 배설량의 7.74, 5.31%를 나타내었다. 사후검사에서 맹장에 삽입되었던 고무튜브 주위를 둘러싸고 있는 완벽한 맹장이 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과 수탉에서 적어도 매일 약 5%의 尿가 맹장으로 역류됨을 알 수 있었다. A cecostomy technique (surgery for inserted tube into ceca) was developed to quantify urine backflow into the ceca of fed and feed-deprived chickens. Two days post-surgery, cecostomised chickens were flushed with 20ml of warm saline solution every other day for 10 days. Excreta were collected daily from cecal tubing and cloaca by surgical attachment of polyethylene collection vessels to the chickens. Uric acid excretion was significantly increased in fed compared to feed-deprived chickens (P<0.05). Amount of determined uric acid from the ceca was 7.74% and 5.31% of total excretion for fed and ffeed-deprived chickens, respectively. Post-mortem examinations ascertained that the caeca were intact around the Latex tubing. The results of the study indicated that at least 5% of daily urine production flow retrograde into the ceca of roosters.

성견의 하악골 골신장술 후 골 형성에 대한 신경근육의 전기적 자극의 효과

손장호,박봉욱,변준호,조영철,성일용,Son, Jang-Ho,Park, Bong-Wook,Byun, June-Ho,Cho, Yeong-Cheol,Sung, Iel-Yong 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2011 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.33 No.2

Purpose: This study was designed to examine whether the use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) after mandibular distraction osteogenesis accelerated bone formation and consolidation. Methods: Eight adult dogs underwent mandibular left body osteotomy. After a 3 day latency period, a distraction rod device was activated at a rate of 1.0 mm once per day for 10 days. After the completion of mandibular lengthening, NMES group was treated twice daily with 2 hours of NMES for 14, and 28 days, while non-NMES group did not receive NMES. The distracted segment was evaluated radiolgraphically histologically and than immunohistochemically for osteopontin (OPN) to evaluate new bone formation and consolidation. Results: Radiography, did not demonstrate significantly different images between the group and the NMES group. Histological examination however, showed that the new bone formation 14 and 28 days after distraction was better in the NMES group when compared to non-NMES group. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the staining intensity of OPN increased more in the NMES group than in non-NMES group during early consolidation. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the use of NMES can promote bone formation and consolidation.

구강 내에 발생한 원발성 점막관련 림프양 림프종의 치험례

손장호,박수원,최병환,조영철,성일용,변기정,Son, Jang-Ho,Park, Su-Won,Choi, Byoung-Hwan,Cho, Yeong-Cheol,Sung, Iel-Young,Byun, Ki-Jeong 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2009 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.31 No.1

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma is thought to originate from marginal zone B-cells. In the WHO classification, Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of MALT is classified B-cell Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Common sites of MALT lymphoma include stomach, lung and the ocular-adnexa. Although less common in other sites, it is the most common low-grade lymphoma of the breast, thyroid, bowel skin and soft tissue. No strong age or gender predominance exists in MALT lymphoma. Dissemination to other sites can occur. In the oral cavity, MALT lymphoma is rare. Herein, we present a case of intra-oral MALT lymphoma. 66 year-old woman without any background of immunodeficiency or autoimmune disease admitted department of oral & maxillofacial surgery in Ulsan university hospital for evaluation of long-standing mild upper lip swelling. The lesion was completely resected and biopsied. Histological and immunohistochemical stains(CD3, CD5, CD20, CD21, CK) findings were used to confirm the lesion. Bone marrow biopsy was done and no bone marrow involvement was found. She did not receive chemotherapy and radiotherapy after surgery. No recurrence has been noted in the 22 months to date.

조명의 색이 육계의 행동과 생산성에 미치는 영향

손장호,Son, Jang-Ho,Ravindran, Velmurugu 한국가금학회 2009 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.36 No.4

본 연구에서는, 3개의 다른 색(white, blue 및 red/ 23L-1D)의 조명이 육계 암수별 행동 및 생산성에 미치는 영향에 대해서 조사하였다. 시험계는 초생추 육계를 6개 pan(pan당 암컷 16수, 수컷 16수)으로 나누어서, 3가지 색의 조명에서 실험이 실시되었다. 실험계는 3일간의 조명에 대한 적응 기간을 거친 후, 동일한 사양 조건에서, 암수 각각 3수씩, pan당 6마리의 focal birds를 중심으로 pecking, resting, standing 및 walking 행동이, 1일 120분간(pan당 20분/일), 주 5일간, 직접관찰법으로 5주간 시행되었다. 뿐만 아니라 증체량과 사료 섭취량 등은 주별로 계산되었고, 시험계 19일령과 33일령의 2회에 걸쳐서 TI-반응과, 33일령의 1회에 걸쳐서 gait score, foot pad score 및 horn burn score가 조사되었다. 조명의 색은 증체량, 사료 섭취량에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다(P>0.05). 그러나 사료 효율에는 유의한 영향을 미쳐서(P<0.05), blue 조명의 경우가 white 및 red 조명의 경우보다 높았다(P<0.05). Resting 행동 빈도는 전체의 행동 빈도에서 주요한 행동으로 나타났으며, 이는 암수간 또는 조명의 색깔에 따라서 영향을 받지 않았다. 성장 초기에는 red 조명에서 resting 행동 빈도가 낮게 나타나는 경향이 있었다. 뿐만 아니라 standing 행동 빈도는 4~18일령에, walking 행동 빈도는 전 시험 기간 동안 red 조명에서 높게 나타나는 경향이 있었다. 본 연구 결과로부터 육계 사육장내 조명의 색은 생산성, 행동 빈도 및 복지에 영향을 미칠 가능성이 생각되었다. The aim of the present study was to investigate the behavior and performance of male and female broiler chickens reared under three different colors of light (white, blue and red) in a 23L:1D of lighting program. Day-old broiler chicks were obtained and assigned to six pens (16 males and 16 females per pen). Two pens each were located in three different rooms in an environmentally controlled shed and received the different light colors. All birds received same husbandry conditions. After a 3-day adaptation to the light color, behavior observations (pecking, resting, standing and walking) were made on six focal birds per pen, representing the sex ratio, by direct visual scans for 120 minutes daily for five days a week throughout the 5-week study. Body weights and feed intake were recorded at weekly intervals. On days 19 and 33, welfare indicators (tonic immobility reaction on the 19 and 33 days old; gait scores, foot pad and hock burns scores on 33 days old) were determined. Light color had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the weight gain and feed intake of broilers, but significantly (P<0.05) influenced the feed conversion ratio. Birds receiving the blue light were more (P<0.05) efficient than those receiving white and red lights. Resting was observed to be the major behavior pattern, irrespective of sex or light color. During early growth, resting behavior tended to be lower in birds receiving red light. However, standing and walking behaviors tended to be higher in birds receiving red light in 4 to 18 day-old age and all of experimental periods, respectively. These data indicate that light color can influence broiler performance and behavior.

A Study on Development of Green Care Farming Module for Elementary School

Son, Jang-Ho(손장호) 한국실과교육학회 2019 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.32 No.1

본 연구에서는 100세 시대 및 평생교육 시대에 새롭게 부각되고 있는 치유농업의 동향을 파악하고 우리나라에서의 발전방안을 모색하기 위해서 이루어졌다. 먼저 치유농업에 대한 이해를 돕기 위해서 문헌연구를 통해 원예(식물)치료, 동물매개치료, 숲 치료 및 자연활동에서 이루어지는 치유활동을 키워드화 시켜서 검색한 후, 현재의 치유농업관련 연구 동향을 분석하고, 초등학교 교육과정에서 활용 가능한 교육프로그램을 개발하였다. 치유농업과 연관되는 결과물을 찾기 위해서 관련 키워드로 검색 결과, 국내의 연구결과물의 경우는, 식물중심 활동이 60%를 차지하였고, 숲 등 자연체험 활동과 관련되는 활동이 21% 및 동물과 관련되는 활동이 19%로 나타났다. 그러나 국외 연구결과물의 경우는 식물중심 활동이 39%를 차지하였고, 동물관련 활동이 33% 및 숲 등 자연체험 활동과 관련되는 활동이 28%로, 국내의 결과물과는 다소 다른 결과를 나타내었다. 본 연구에서는 초등학교에서 적용 가능한 치유농업 교육프로그램을 1. 고슴도치와 친구하기, 2. 파 기르기 및 3. 나무와 교감하기의 3가지 개발ㆍ제시하였다. 3가지의 프로그램은 식물과 환경, 숲 등 자연체험활동 및 동물과 관련되는 요소를 동시에 포함하도록 하였다. 치유농업 교육프로그램의 활용으로 기대되는 교육적 효과는 크게 두 가지를 제시하였다. 첫째, 생명끼리의 연합을 촉진시킬 수 있을 것이다. 둘째, 아이들의 공격성 완화 및 공감능력 향상 효과가 기대된다. In the age of 100 year life spans and lifelong education, this study was carried out in order to identify newly emerging trends of green care farming and to search for a development plan for Korea. First of all, in order to get a better understanding of green care farming through literary research, Key words were established and searches were conducted horticulture (plant) therapy, animal-assisted therapy, forest therapy and healing activities arising in nature. The purpose of this study were the development of green care farming educational programs that can be used in Korean elementary school curriculum. From the search of related key words to find results showing a relation with green care farming, in the case of domestic research results, plant-oriented activities were included in 60% of searches, experiential activities in nature such as in forests and other related activities 21%, and activities involving animals 19%. However, in the case of overseas research results, plant-oriented activities made up for 39%, animal related activities 33%, activities in nature experience such as in forests and other related activities 28%, and so the results were somewhat different than those of the domestic ones. In this study, three green care farming educational programs applicable for elementary school use, 1. Friends with a Hedgehog, 2. Growing Green Onions, and 3. Commune with the Tree were developed and presented. All three elements of the program plants and the environment, activities in nature experience such as in the forest and animal related elements were included at same time. The educational effect of green care farming program is twofold. First, it will be able to promote the unity of life. Second, be effective in alleviating aggression and increasing empathy of children.

베트남 타이응우옌성 초등교사 연수사업

손장호(Son, Jang Ho) 행복한부자학회 2023 행복한부자연구 Vol.12 No.1

HAPNB (사람-동물-식물-자연 연합) 교육의 함의

손장호(Son, Jang Ho) 행복한부자학회 2021 행복한부자연구 Vol.10 No.1

본 논문의 목적은 행복한 아동을 만드는 교육 방법의 일환으로, 사람과 동·식물 및 자연과 관계 형성의 의미와 발전 방향에 대해서 탐구한다. 사람-동·식물-자연의 결합이라는 큰 틀을 형성하는 교육이라는 개념으로 HAPNB (Human-Animal-Plant-Nature Bond,)교육이라고 명명하고, HAPNB 교육이 가지는 교육적 의미의 소개와 함께 HAPNB 교육이 아동의 뇌의 발달에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳐서 행복한 아동을 만드는데 도움이 될 수 있다는 것을 제시하였다. 뿐만 아니라 사람과 동·식물의 적절한 상호작용을 이용한 교육 방법은 아동들의 인성교육의 한 방법으로 활용된다. 사람과 동·식물의 지혜로운 연합 방법에 근거한 교육은 지금 시대에 강조하는 지속가능발전교육의 하나로 이해할 수 있다. HAPNB 교육의 성공적인 정착을 위해서는 이하의 3가지가 고려되어야 할 것이다. 첫째, HAPNB 교육의 정확한 개념 이해가 선행되어야 한다. 둘째, HAPNB 교육은 아동들의 사회성 증대에 효과적인 교육 방법의 하나가 될 수 있다. 셋째, HAPNB 교육의 정착을 위해서는 다학제간의 협업이 요구된다고 할 수 있을 것이다. HAPNB 교육의 활용으로 기대되는 교육적 효과는, ①생명체에 대한 책임 의식 회복. ②지속가능발전에 근거한 생물다양성교육, ③ 생명존중에 근거한 생명 감수성 교육, ④ 생명존중 교육 내실화에 기여 및 ⑤ 평생교육의 가치 증대 등을 제시할 수 있다. 결론적으로 사람과 동식물의 관계형성과정에서 자연을 고려하는 방법을 동시에 포함하는 HAPNB 교육은 21세기 매우 중요한 교육 방법으로 자리매김 할 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning and direction of development of relationships with people, animals and plants, and nature as an educational method to make happy children. It is called HAPNB (Human-Animal-Plant-Nature Bond) education as the concept of education that forms a big frame of combining people-animal-plants-nature. And through the analysis of the educational features of HAPNB education, it is suggested that HAPNB education can help to make happy children by positively affecting the brain development of children. In addition, the educational method using the appropriate interaction between humans and animals and plants is used as a method of character education for children. Education based on the wise association of people, animals and plants can be understood as one of the sustainable development education emphasized in the present age. For successful settlement of HAPNB education, the following three factors should be considered. First, an accurate understanding of the concept of HAPNB education should be preceded. Second, HAPNB education can be one of the effective educational methods to increase childrens social skills. Third, it can be said that multidisciplinary collaboration is necessary for the establishment of HAPNB education. Expected Educational Effects of HAPNB education, ① Realization of responsibility for life. ② Biodiversity education based on sustainable development, ③ Life-sensitivity education based on respect for life and ④ Contribute to the enrichment of education on the respect for life and ⑤ Increasing the value of lifelong learning. etc. are the proposed effects. In conclusion, HAPNB education, which includes ways to consider nature in the process of forming relationships between people and plants and animals, is very important in the 21st century.

사료 내 지렁이 분말의 첨가가 육계의 생산성에 미치는 영향

손장호 ( Son Jang-ho ),조익환 ( Jo Ik-hwan ) 한국유기농업학회 2003 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.11 No.2

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementing earthworm meal on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of feed in broiler chicks. A total of 120 broiler chicks at 7 days of age were fed the experimental diets containing 0%(Control), 0.2% and 0.4% of earthworm meal for 6 weeks. When fed on both starter and finisher diets, the body weight gain and amount of feed intake were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the chicks fed 0.4% of earthworm meal than those fed 0% and 0.2% of earthworm meal. There were no significantly differences in feed, conversion ratio and mortality among the treatments. When fed on both starter and finisher diets, digestibility of dry matter of feed was not affected by the dietary treatment, but crude fat and crude ash digestibilities of feed were tend to increased in chicks fed earthworm meal Digestibility of crude protein of feed in chicks fed 0,4% of earthworm meal was significantly(P<0.05) improved as compared with those in 0.2% or control group. These results indicated that the dietary supplementations of 0.4% earthworm meal were effective in improve digestibility of crude protein of diet resulted improved broiler performance in broiler chicks.

HANB(Human-Animal-Nature Bond) 교육에 대한 탐구 및 발전방향

손장호(SON Jang Ho) 한국실과교육학회 2017 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.30 No.2

이 연구의 목적은, 사람과 동물의 관계 형성 과정에서 파생되어 혼용되고 있는 용어들을 사람-동물-자연의 결합(Human-Animal-Nature Bond, HANB)이라는 큰 틀에 포함시켜서 HANB 교육을 탐구하는 것이다. 그리고 아동의 사회성 형성에 미칠 수 있는 각종 요인들의 분석을 통해서 HANB 교육이 아동과 동물의 뇌의 발달에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳐서 사회성 형성에 도움이 될 수 있다는 것을 다양한 문헌 연구를 통해서 도출해 보았다. 사람과 동물의 적절한 상호작용을 이용한 교육방법은 아동들의 인성 교육의 한 방법으로 활용되기도 하기 때문에 사람과 동물의 성장 단계 및 복지를 동시에 고려하는 것은, 동물을 활용하는 교육 방법에서 중요한 과제가 될 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 이들의 성장 단계를 고려할 때, 강아지와 고양이는 3∼5개월령에, 어린이의 경우에는 9~11년령에 사회화를 형성하는 중요한 시기라는 이해가 HANB 교육의 핵심이 될 수 있을 것이다. 뿐만 아니라 HANB 교육의 성공적인 정착을 위해서는 이하의 3가지가 고려되어야 할 것이다. 첫째, HANB 교육의 정확한 개념 이해가 선행되어야 한다. 둘째, HANB 교육은 아동들의 사회성 증대에 효과적인 교육방법의 하나가 될 수 있다. 셋째, HANB 교육의 정착을 위해서는 다학제간의 협업이 요구된다고 할 수 있을 것이다. 결론적으로 사람과 동물의 관계형성과정에서 자연을 고려하는 방법을 동시에 포함하는 HANB 교육은 21세기 매우 중요한 교육 방법으로 자리매김 할 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this study to introduce HANB Education and Its plays an important role in the socialization of children. Animals have in many societies are often described as members of the family. Human Animal Nature Bond (Interaction) Education is a key issue of character education for children. The mission of the study is to share information regarding the “human-animal-Nature Bond” and also a unique role that animals play in human welfare and quality of life. This present study emphasizes the understanding of critical period of socialization for dogs, cats and children, because it is first step for Human Animal Nature Bond (HANB) Education. We, as educators, understand the importance of research of animal behavior, human behavior and socialization especially during the sensitive early year in building the human-animal nature bond. This will be a key for ultimate successful bond-centered practice of the world. Children’s brains develop dramatically from their birth to first 9 to 11 years as do the brains of puppies and kittens in the first 3 to 5 months. The science of honoring humans, animals and nature as one as promoted in Human Animal Nature Bond (HANB) education is very important in the 21st century.