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사회적 기업가정신, 조직문화 및 네트워크 활동이 사회적 기업의 성과에 미치는 영향
반성식 ( Sung Sik Bahn ),김상표 ( Sang Pyo Kim ),유지현 ( Ji Hyun Ryu ),장성희 ( Sung Hee Jang ) 한국생산성학회 2011 生産性論集 Vol.25 No.3
The purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing performance of social entrepreneurship, organizational culture and network activity in the social enterprise. This model tests various theoretical research hypotheses relating to social enterprise, social entrepreneurship, organizational culture and network activity. Questionnaires have been collected during one month 2010 and a total of one hundred one has been considered valid. Smart PLS(Partial Least Square) 2.0 and SPSS 15.0 have been utilized for deriving the study results. The results of hypothesis testing are as follows. First, social entrepreneurship positively influence managerial performance, social performance and network activity(social network, market network, financial network). Second, organizational culture positively influence managerial performance, social performance and network activity(social network, market network). Third, social network positively influence managerial performance and social performance and financial network positively influence managerial performances. Finally, financial network activity has a moderating effect on the relationship between social entrepreneurship and managerial performance.
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개인발명가의 특성과 환경적 특성이 창업동기 및 창업의지에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
반성식(Sung-Sik Bahn),배근우(Geun-Woo Bae),장성희(Sung-Hee Jang) 한국산업경제학회 2013 산업경제연구 Vol.26 No.6
본 연구는 개인발명가의 창업동기와 창업의지에 영향을 미치는 요인을 검증하는 것이 목적이다. 개인발명가의 특성, 환경적 특성, 창업동기 및 창업의지에 관한 선행연구를 기반으로 연구모형과 가설을 설정하였다. 창업동기 및 창업의지에 영향을 미치는 요인을 개인발명가의 특성과 환경적 특성으로 분류하였고, 개인발명가의 특성은 혁신성, 위험감수성, 환경적 특성은 사업환경과 정부지원으로 설정하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 연구모형은 개인발명가 78명을 대상으로 Smart PLS 2.0과 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 분석을 하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 개인발명가의 혁신성과 위험감수성은 창업동기에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났지만, 창업의지에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 환경적 특성으로 사업환경은 창업동기에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났지만, 창업의지에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났고, 정부지원은 창업동기에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났지만, 창업의지에는 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 창업동기는 창업의지에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 개인발명가의 창업동기 및 창업의지를 향상시켜 개인발명가의 창업 활성화를 증대시킬 수 있는 다양한 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors influencing entrepreneurial motivation and intention of individual inventor"s characteristics and environmental characteristics. This model tests various theoretical research hypotheses relating to individual inventor"s characteristics, environmental characteristics, and entrepreneurial motivation and intention. The proposed model is analyzed to target individual inventors. Valid 78 questionnaires have been collected within about one month of 2011. Smart PLS(Partial Least Square) 2.0 and SPSS 18.0 have been utilized for deriving the study results. The result of hypothesis testing are as follows. First, innovativeness and risk-taking positively influence entrepreneurial motivation. Second, business environment positively influence entrepreneurial motivation. And government support positively influence entrepreneurial intention. Third, entrepreneurial motivation positively influence entrepreneurial intention. The results of this study will provide various implications to improve individual inventor"s entrepreneurial motivation and intention.
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한국의 기업가정신 활동: 2012년 글로벌기업가정신연구(GEM)를 중심으로
반성식(Sung-sik Bahn),서상구(Sang-gu Seo),송경모(Kyung-mo Song),조동환(Dong-hwan Cho),박종해(Jong-hae Park),차민석(Min-seok Cha),박종복(Jong-bok Park) 한국창업학회 2013 한국창업학회지 Vol.8 No.3
This paper is based on the GEM(Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) Korea 2012 report. GEM is a consortium of national academic teams and a central coordination team called GERA since 1999. Sixty-seven countries that are categorized into factor-driven, efficiency-driven, and innovation-driven economies, participated in the GEM 2012 project. Each participating country administers an adult population survey (APS) of at least 2,000 individuals from 18-64 years old and a national expert survey (NES) of at least 36 experts under the guidance of GERA. According to APS in Korea, total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA) level in 2012 is 6.6% of the adult population, which is lower than 7.8% of 2011. Compared with innovation-driven economies, Korea ranks 10th among 24 countries in terms of TEA, while the nation ranks 6th among 23 countries in 2011. The decrease in TEA comes from the fact that necessity-driven TEA reduced considerably while opportunity-driven TEA increased a little bit. NES in Korea shows that Korea has an outstanding government support policies, governmental programs, internal market dynamics, physical infrastructure, and social & cultural norms in terms of entrepreneurial framework conditions (EFC s), compared with the innovation-driven economies. In contrast, the commercial & professional infrastructure, female entrepreneurship, and finance have been shown to be inferior in the past years. Based on the characteristics of early-stage entrepreneurial activity of Korean adults, the paper suggests five policy implications: First, globally pioneering entrepreneurship needs to be spread across the nation. Second, professional & networking infrastructure out of EFC s need to be improved. Third, youth entrepreneurs need to absorb enough know-how for managing businesses before they start a business. Fourth, opportunity-driven & easy-to-access entrepreneurship need to be facilitated through intrapreneurship. Last, much more attention needs to be paid to migrant entrepreneurship as an avenue for extending markets globally.
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한국의 기업가정신 활동: 2008년 글로벌기업가정신연구(GEM)
반성식(Sung Sik Bahn),서상구(Sang Gu Seo),이현숙(Hyun Suk Lee),DonnaKelley,이용삼(Yong Sam Lee) 한국창업학회 2009 한국창업학회지 Vol.4 No.3
This report investigates the current status of entrepreneurship in Korea. It compares the frequency and nature of entrepreneurial activity in Korea with other countries around the world who have participated in the 2008 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)Adult Population Survey. The purpose of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) is to build and enhance global understanding about the attitudes, activity, and aspiration of entrepreneurs. By providing greater knowledge about entrepreneurship, GEM can help governments, businesses, and educators around the world design policies, develop programs, and provide assistance to help these enterprising individuals thrthrtin an increasing global business environment. GEM is a consortium of national academic teams and a central coordination team. Working together, this consortium administers an adult population survey (APS) of at least 2,000 individuals from 18-64 years old in each participating country. In addition, GEM conducts National Expert Surveys(NES), to provide information about particular factors impacting entrepreneurship in each country. Starting with 10 relatively wealthy countries in its first survey in 1999, GEM has brought together 64 countries over a ten-year period, representing an increasingly diverse set of economies from a spectrum of income levels. The 2008 GEM Adult Population Survey (APS) was conducted in 43 countries, which included the re-entry of Korea after a five-year hiatus. This report organizes the 43 countries into three groupings based on different economic development levels: factor-driven, efficiency-driven, and innovation-driven. Korea is among the 18 higher-income innovation-driven economies. Many of the comparisons made in this report with respect to Korea are within this group of countries. The GEM Model shows three groupings of framework conditions that influence entrepreneurship, which in turn impacts national economic growth. In measuring entrepreneurial activity, GEM includes four phases: potential, nascent, new, and established entrepreneurs. This report focuses primarily on nascent and new entrepreneurs, which make up the Total Entrepreneurial Activity(TEA) rate. This rate was 10% of the adult population in Korea, one of the highest TEA rates exhibited among the innovation-driven countries. While many of these entrepreneurs were motivated by improvement-driven opportunity (the prospects for higher income or independence) there was also a high proportion of need or necessity-based entrepreneurship. The rate of business discontinuation is the highest in Korea, relative to the other innovation-driven countries. The frequency through which entrepreneurs both start and discontinue businesses indicates a high level of entrepreneurial dynamism in this country. One distinct quality of entrepreneurship in Korea is the ratio of male to female participation in entrepreneurship. While this varies among countries across the entire sample, the innovation-driven countries generally have a male-to-female entrepreneurship ratio of two to one, with some (U.S., Germany) having a much lower ratio. Korea, however, has about a three-to-one ratio. Another prominent characteristic describing Korean entrepreneurs is the comparatively high level of education they have achieved, particularly graduate experience. Reports from the National Expert Survey reveal that availability of funding is a challenge for entrepreneurs, which is generally a concern for all the innovation-driven economies. Experts in Korea agree that entrepreneurship is a priority for government, and this can be reflected in the variety of government programs initiated to promote entrepreneurship, including the establishment of technology incubators. In 2008, GEM recognized the importance of entrepreneurship-specific education and training by including questions relating to this special topic in the survey. While general education levels are high among Korean entrepreneurs, entrepr
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