유색 파프리카의 영양성분

류아름(A-Reum Ryu),강민철(Min-Cheol Kang),홍정선(Jung Sun Hong),최정희(Jeong Hee Choi),최윤상(Yun-Sang Choi),최희돈(Hee-Don Choi) 한국축산식품학회 2021 Food and Life Vol.2021 No.3

This study was conducted to examine the nutritional components of three different colored varieties of paprika―the red,the orange, and the yellow. Their nutritional value was investigated based on the approximate composition of free sugar,organic acid, free amino acid, fatty acids, vitamins, and mineral content. All 3 paprika varieties were rich in the freesugars―fructose and glucose, with red paprika (RP) having the highest sugar content. Amongst organic acids, the succinicacid content in RP was 3.6–5.3 times higher than orange paprika (OR) and yellow paprika (YP). Aspartic acid andglutamic acid were highest among the major free amino acids in all the paprika varieties, with the lowest content inthe RP. Altogether, 6 saturated fatty acids and 4 unsaturated fatty acids were detected; the former were highest inthe RP while the latter were highest in the OR and the YP varieties. YP and RP contained significantly higher contentof vitamin C and vitamin E respectively, in comparison to OR. The colored paprika were rich in the following minerals,with significantly high content in the YP: potassium>phosphorus>magnesium. In conclusion, the findings indicate a differencein the nutritional composition of the colored varieties of paprika that can potentially be used as an index affectingthe consumer consumption.

서울 오피스의 건축연령과 보증부월세 계약 비중의 연관성

류강민(Kang min Ryu),서명교(Myung kyo Suh) 건국대학교 부동산도시연구원 2016 부동산 도시연구 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 보증금의 활용과 역할에 관한 선행연구를 살펴보고, 보증금이 오피스 신축에 의한 비용부담을 줄이기 위한 수단이나, 매매차익을 높이기 위한 레버리지 수단, 그리고 임차인의 신용위험을 헷지하기 위한 수단 이외에 리모델링 수단으로도 활용될 수 있다고 판단하였다. 이에 헤도닉 가격모형을 이용하여 건축연령별 임대료 상승구간을 파악하였다. 분석결과 건축연령이 증가할수록 노후화로 인한 감가상각으로 임대료가 하락하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 건축연령이 10~15년일 때 임대료가 상승하는 것으로 나타나 이 시기에 리모델링이 많이 나타난 구간이라 가정하였다. 또한 건축연령별로 전월세 계약 비중과 전월세전환율이 어떻게 나타나는 지 살펴본 결과, 건축연령이 10~20년일 때 전월세 계약비중이 높게 나타나고 있었다. 이 결과는 리모델링으로 인해 임대료 상승이 일어나고 보증금이 리모델링 비용으로 사용되어 보증금 비중이 높은 전월세 계약 비중이 높아지고 전월세전환율 또한 높은 수준을 유지하고 있어, 리모델링이 보증금 비중과 전환율을 상승시키는 원인일 것으로 보인다. Previous studies primarily analyzed the role of security deposit of monthly rental contracts as supplemental construction costs, leverage means to increase rate of return on equity investments, or hedging a method for tenants’ credit risk. This study considers an alternative way to use security deposit, which is financing renovation. If security deposit is used for financing renovation costs, the ratio of security deposit in monthly rental contracts and the conversion rate between monthly rent and security deposit should be different when renovation is anticipated. Hedonic pricing models were estimated to test this hypothesis. Estimation results show that rents did not decrease with the age of buildings. Buildings with 10 to 15 years of age have higher rents than the buildings with 5 to 10 years of age, which indicates that renovation occurs when buildings age 10 to 15 years. It is also found that rental contracts with higher ratio of security deposit and higher conversion rate are observed for those buildings.

서울시 프라임 오피스 빌딩의 관리비 성격에 관한 연구

류강민 ( Kang Min Ryu ) 한국부동산원 2022 부동산분석 Vol.8 No.3

본 연구 목적은 국내 프라임 오피스 시장 내 비용과 수익의 복합적 측면에서 임대료와 함께 지불되고 있는 관리비 성격과 결정요인을 규명하는 것이다. 분석대상은 서울 소재 프라임 오피스 빌딩으로 2000년 1분기부터 2021년 2분기까지 86개 분기별 시계열 자료를 이용하며, 실증분석 방법론 Autoregressive Distributed Lag(ARDL) 모형과 Autoregressive Distributed Lag Error-Correction Model(ARDL-ECM) 모형을 채택하였다. 본 연구의 주요 분석 결과는 다음과 같이 간단히 요약 · 정리할 수 있다. 첫째, 관리비와 소비자 물가 간에 장기 균형이 존재함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 임차인이 지불하는 관리비에서 많은 비중을 차지하는 것이 실제 관리비용이기 때문으로 짐작된다. 둘째, ARDL-ECM의 결과에서는 실질임대료가 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 반면, 공실률은 부(-)의 방향으로 유의하게 나타나, 오피스 임대시장 상황에 따라 단기적으로 관리비가 변동될 수 있음을 말해준다. 셋째, 렌트프리(무상임대)에 의한 임대료 할인율은 관리비 상승에 긍정적인 영향을 끼치며, 다른 변수보다 유의성이 가장 높은 핵심요인임을 알 수 있다. 최종적으로 본 연구결과는 국내 오피스 임대시장에서 관리비 성격을 파악하고, 향후 수익률 산정과 전망을 예측하는데 유용한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다. The purpose of this study is to identify characteristics and determinants for maintenance fees paid with rent from the complex perspective of costs and profits in domestic prime office rental markets. The analysis targeted prime office buildings in Seoul and dealt with 86 time-series data from 1Q 2000 to 2Q 2021 on a quarterly basis. In order to empirically testify, the methodology adopted both Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Autoregressive Distributed Lag Error- Correction Model (ARDL-ECM). The main findings of the study are briefly summarized as follows: First, long-term equilibrium relationship between maintenance fees and consumer prices remains, which suggests that actual maintenance fees account for a large portion of the fees paid by the tenant. Second, the results from ARDL-ECM model show that actual rental costs have a positive effect, while the vacancy rate have a negative one, which means that maintenance fees can fluctuate in light of office rental markets. Third, discount rates of rental costs by rent-free seem to be statistically verified as key factors than others because they have a positive effect on the increase in maintenance fees. In conclusion, the findings can be useful to figure out the nature of maintenance fees and anticipate earnings of domestic office rental markets in the future.

월세관련 위험과 보증금-월세 전환율 결정구조

류강민 ( Kang Min Ryu ),지규현 ( Kyu Hyun Ji ),이창무 ( Chang Moo Lee ) 한국부동산분석학회 2013 不動産學硏究 Vol.19 No.2

There have been many attempts to interpret Korean rental housing market, where distinctive rental contracts including Monthly Rent with Variable Deposit(MRVD) and Chonsei as the two extreme ends of general MRVD have co-existed. Although there have been some advances that interpret the function of the deposit in MRVD as a leverage, those trials were not completed. In order to develop a new partial equilibrium model of Korean rental housing market, this paper incorporates the default risk of the tenant in the model. The theoretical results show that deposit-to-monthly-rent conversion rate increases within a certain range of MRVD where the deposit can not cover the total amount of monthly rent during the contract period. Also, the empirical results confirm that there exists the premium for default risk of tenant in the form of a higher conversion rate when the amount of deposit is less than the total amount of monthly rent for two and a half years. it shows that the market conversion rate varies by the ratio of monthly rent to deposit differently from the conventional belief on an unique conversion rate indifferent from the relative deposit amount.

서울시 주택유형별 임대시장 특성에 관한 연구

류강민(Ryu, Kang-Min),서명교(Suh, Myung-Kyo) SH도시연구원 2016 주택도시연구 Vol.6 No.1

After the global financial crisis, there are some changes of the structure of Korean housing rental market. Chonsei, only lump sum deposit without monthly rent, and monthly rent with deposit are main types of contract on rental housing market. However, the rate of Chonsei contract declined from 67.2% to 50.3% and the rate of monthly rent with deposit contract is rising increasingly after 1995. First of all, our paper shows how Chonsei and deposit are used in housing property market. In other words, Chonsei and deposit are not used to bear interest with banks but to reduce equity to a sort of leverage tool. Second, we clarified that the change of structure in housing rental market is progressive in all housing types, and especially rate of Half Chonsei, monthly rent with lump sum deposit, is increased in apartment housing market. Lastly, we analyzed rental characteristics about the type of rental housing properties and the result shows that facility gap of house type and housing cost cause a differentiation of tenant quality. And the tenant quality is connected with unpaid rent risk and vacancy risk.

서울시 오피스 임대시장의 공실률과 임대료의 상호결정구조 분석

류강민 ( Kang Min Ryu ),이창무 ( Chang Moo Lee ) 한국부동산분석학회 2012 不動産學硏究 Vol.18 No.2

There have been many attempts to estimate structural relationship Rent and Vacancy Rate in the office rental market, however domestic studies have be focused on the determinants of the Rent but Vacancy Rate. This paper presents estimates of structural model of office rental market using Rent and Vacancy Rate relationships to link CPI, interest rate, office workers` number, GDP, office supply, The model is estimated using data from the Seoul office market over 2001-2011 and Statistical methods of OLS and 2SLS are used to estimate relationship between the variables. The result shows that CPI and interest rate has positive effect with rent but vacancy rate and that vacancy rate is influenced by GDP and office workers` number negatively but office supply positively. Also we find that rent inflation has lower than before the financial crisis in same market condition change because of poor market condition.

제주지역 호텔이용률에 영향을 미치는 결정요인 분석

류강민,송기욱,Ryu, Kang-Min,Song, Ki-Wook 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2018 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.9 No.4

As the volatility increasement of the number of tourist, there was been controversy over supply-demand imbalance in hotel market. The purpose of this study is to analysis on determinants of hotel occupancy rate in Jeju Island. The quantitative method is based on cointegrating regression, using an empirical dataset with hotel from 2000 to 2017. The primary results of research is briefly summarized as follows; First, there are high relationship between total hotel occupancy rate and hotel occupancy of foreign tourist. The volatility of hotel occupancy is caused by foreigner user than local tourists though local tourist high propotion of hotel occupancy in Jeju Island. Second, hotel occupancy of local tourist has not relationship with demand and supply variables. Because some hotel users are not local tourists but local resident, and effects to other variables of hotel consumer trend, accommodation such as Guest house, Airbnb. Third, there are high relationship between foreign hotel occupancy rate and demand-supply variables. These research imply that total management of supply-demand is very important to seek stability of hotel occupancy rate in Jeju Island. Also it can provide a useful solution regarding mismatch problem between supply-demand as well as development the systematic forecasting model for hotel market participants.

실거래가를 이용한 서울시 오피스텔 가격지수 산정에 관한 연구

류강민,송기욱,Ryu, Kang Min,Song, Ki Wook 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2021 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.12 No.2

최근 정부 정책의 변화와 맞물려 오피스텔은 수도권을 중심으로 사무실과 아파트 가격이 급등하면서 새로운 대체 투자 대안이 되고 있다. 그러나 오피스텔의 선행연구 부재와 더불어 지표를 공표하는 민관기관 역시 표본샘플 부족으로 정확도 저하의 한계를 지녔다. 이들은 공통적으로 시세에 기반한 가격지수를 활용하는데, 시장보다 후행하고 변동성이 적어 평활화 문제가 꾸준히 제기되어 왔다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 국토교통부가 최초 공개한 시점부터 지난해까지 실거래가 이루어진 매매(2006~2020), 전·월세(2011~2020) 데이터 자료를 이용하여 서울시 오피스텔 가격지수를 산출하는 것이다. 이를 규명하기 위한 실증방법론으로 반복매매모형을 채택하여 주요 지표인 매매, 전세, 월세지수를 각각 산정하고, 그 외에 보조지표에 해당하는 전월세전환율도 개선된 형태로 함께 개발하였다. 수집된 자료결과 및 통계해석의 정확성을 기하기 위한 지원도구는 SAS 9.4로 일괄 처리하였다. 본 연구의 실증분석 결과를 간단히 요약하면, 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다. 첫째, 2020년말 서울시 오피스텔 매매지수는 132.5P, 전세지수는 163.9P(2011.1Q=100.0P)이며, 월세는 원점인 100.0P선에서 밑돌았다. 오피스텔의 지수 유형별 월세가 공실 위험으로 비교적 보합세를 유지한 가운데, 수요가 풍부한 매매가와 전세금 상승세가 지속되는 차이를 보인 것으로 해석된다. 둘째, 주택유형별 매매가 증가폭은 오피스텔이 아파트, 연립다세대 등 다른 주택유형보다 낮은 자산으로 드러났다. 모형의 설명력은 표준오차 평균이 0.02 이하로 적합도가 뛰어난 것으로 판명되었다. 셋째, 본 연구가 추정한 가격지수를 한국부동산원, KB국민은행 등 유사 발표기관의 지표와 상호 비교하면, 변이가 크게 나타나 고질적인 평활화 문제를 해결할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 코로나 19와 같이 경기 불확실성이 큰 상황 하에서, 서울시 오피스텔 실거래가 지수 산정 제시와 시험 모의적용을 새롭게 시도함으로써 향후 시장참가자들이 가격동향 및 변화를 예측하는데 유의미한 의의를 둘 수 있다. Due to recent changes in government policy, officetels have received attention as alternative assets, along with the uplift of office and apartment prices in Seoul. However, the current officetel price indexes use small-size samples and, thus, there is a critique on their accuracy. They rely on valuation prices which lag the market trend and do not properly reflect the volatile nature of the property market, resulting in 'smoothing'. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to create the officetel price index using transaction data. The data, provided by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport from 2005 to 2020, includes sales prices and rental prices - Jeonsei and monthly rent (and their combinations). This study employed a repeat sales model for sales, jeonsei, and monthly rent indexes. It also contributes to improving conversion rates (between deposit and monthly rent) as a supplementary indicator. The main findings are as follows. First, the officetel price index and jeonsei index reached 132.5P and 163.9P, respectively, in Q4 2020 (1Q 2011=100.0P). However, the rent index was approximately below 100.0. Sales prices and jeonsei continued to rise due to high demand while monthly rent was largely unchanged due to vacancy risk. Second, the increase in the officetel sales price was lower than other housing types such as apartments and villas. Third, the employed approach has seen a potential to produce more reliable officetel price indexes reflecting high volatility compared to those indexes produced by other institutions, contributing to resolving 'smoothing'. As seen in the application in Seoul, this approach can enhance accuracy and, therefore, better assist market players to understand the market trend, which is much valuable under great uncertainties such as COVID-19 environments.

오피스 가격경사계수를 이용한 서울시 도시공간구조 변화 분석

류강민(Kang Min Ryu),송기욱(Ki Wook Song) LH토지주택연구원 2021 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.12 No.3

반복매매모형을 활용한 서울시 오피스 벤치마크 가격지수 개발 및 시험적 적용 연구

류강민,송기욱,Ryu, Kang Min,Song, Ki Wook 한국토지주택공사 토지주택연구원 2020 LHI journal of land, housing, and urban affairs Vol.11 No.2

As the fastest growing office transaction volume in Korea, there's been a need for development of indicators to accurately diagnose the office capital market. The purpose of this paper is experimentally calculate to the office price index for effective benchmark indices in Seoul. The quantitative methodology used a Case-Shiller Repeat Sales Model (1991), based on actual multiple office transaction dataset with over minimum 1,653 ㎡ from Q3 1999 to 4Q 2019 in the case of 1,536 buildings within Seoul Metropolitan. In addition, the collected historical data and spatial statistical analysis tools were treated with the SAS 9.4 and ArcGIS 10.7 programs. The main empirical results of research are briefly summarized as follows; First, Seoul office price index was estimated to be 344.3 point (2001.1Q=100.0P) at the end of 2019, and has more than tripled over the past two decades. it means that the sales price of office per 3.3 ㎡ has consistently risen more than 12% every year since 2000, which is far above the indices for apartment housing index, announced by the MOLIT (2009). Second, between quarterly and annual office price index for the two-step estimation of the MIT Real Estate Research Center (MIT/CRE), T, L, AL variables have statistically significant coefficient (Beta) all of the mode l (p<0.01). Third, it was possible to produce a more stable office price index against the basic index by using the Moore-Penrose's pseoudo inverse technique at low transaction frequency. Fourth, as an lagging indicators, the office price index is closely related to key macroeconomic indicators, such as GDP(+), KOSPI(+), interest rates (5-year KTB, -). This facts indicate that long-term office investment tends to outperform other financial assets owing to high return and low risk pattern. In conclusion, these findings are practically meaningful to presenting an new office price index that increases accuracy and then attempting to preliminary applications for the case of Seoul. Moreover, it can provide sincerely useful benchmark about investing an office and predicting changes of the sales price among market participants (e.g. policy maker, investor, landlord, tenant, user) in the future.